【小升初语法】专项复习讲练测-介词（含讲义答案）.docx

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1、小升初语言知识运用介词介词是一种虚词，必须与名词、代词、动名词、形容词、数词、动词等一起构成句子成分。介词能表示“时间、地点、方位、方式、手段等含义，也能与名词、动词、形容词等构成成千 上万的搭配形式，其中有很多搭配要灵活运用，也有许多常用的固定搭配要熟记于心。一、表示时间的介词L用at的时间短语(1)具体时亥心at 7oclock在七点钟 at 9:15在九点一刻(2)用餐时间：al lunch time在午餐时间 al tea break在茶点休息时间(3)节日：at Christmas在圣诞节at Easter在复活节(4)年龄：at ten / at the age of ten 10

2、 岁时(5)其他时间：at noon在正午at night/midnight在夜间/午夜at that time 在那时 at (on) weekends 在周末2 .用on的时间短语(主要表示具体某一天，包括某一天的上午、下午或晚上)(1)星期几:on Thursday在星期四星期几的上午/下午/晚上：on Sunday afternoon在星期天下午(2)日期：on May 21st在五月二d日口期的上午/下午/晚上:on the morning of January 22nd在一月二十二口的上午(3)节日：on Childrens Day 在儿童节.用in的时间短语(1)泛指一天的上午、

3、下午或晚上：in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上(2)月份:in September在九月份(3)年份：in2010在 2010年(4)季节：inspring/summer/autumn/winter 在春/夏/秋/冬季(5) *年龄:inhertwenties在她二十多岁时inhisfifties在他五十多岁时. before, after, inbefore表示在某一时间或某件事情之前；after表示在某一时间或某件事情之后；in+一段时间:表示一段时间之后，用于将来时，例如：I always brush my teeth before goi

4、ng to bed.我睡觉前总是刷牙。练习一、根据句意，填入合适的介词。1.1 was the grocers yesterday.2. Theres a big picture the wall.3. The boy is walking the street.4. My uncle lives the USA.5. Shes coming out the shop.6. The 6th is the 5th and 7th.7. Its 7: 00. John went the kitchen and took some food for breakfast.8. John was at

5、school Monday.9. Look, the cat is jumping the wall.10. Our friends arrived ten oclock last night.二、选择正确的介词或介词词组填空，每词只能使用一次。at, in, on, above, over, below, under, by, near, beside, behind, in front of, in the front of, between, amongLook, there are some birds singing the tree.1. Mary and May are draw

6、ing pictures the tree.2. Its cold. Please come and sit the fire.3. Please sign your name the line.4. Balloons are flying the town.5. Mrs. Brown often does some shopping Saturday afternoon.6. Miss Green is sitting the students of Class Three.1.1 am taller than Jim, so I sit him.9. The cinema is here.

7、 Lets walk there.10. There is a bookshelf the desk.11. It*s seven in the evening. The Browns are having dinner the table.12. Our teacher is standing the classroom. He is speaking to us.13. Dont stand the car. Ils dangerous.14. The mountain is over 4, 000 meters sea level.15. There is a benchthe two

8、trees.三、用 in, behind, on, with, for, beside 填空。I. There is a supermarket my home.1.1 am going to Century Park my classmates this Saturday.3. This bottle of orange juice is my cousin.4. Kitty and his father often go for a picnic spring.5. We arc going to Hangzhou the third of October.6. John is my dc

9、skmate. He is sitting me.7. - Is this gift me? - No. Your gift is the box. Open it.四、汉译英。10 .关灯11 .上公共汽车12 .下公共汽车13 .总共14 .过马路15 .来自美国16 .事实上17 .准时18 .题目的答案1 .穿蓝色衣服的女孩.在四年级2 .在火车站.在第八频道3 .擅长跳舞.关于这部电影4 .在他去上,学的路上.在中国的南部5 .打开电视 五、选择填空。6 )1. Dont take the magazines the reading room.A. out B. atC. out o

10、f)2. Welcome Shanghai!A. inB. toC. at()3.1 always go to school foot.A. onB. inC. to()4. Please write me about your family.A. with氏 loC. from()5. We will play football Class One.A. toB. andC. against()6.1 often play the piano Sunday morningA. inB. onC. at()7.1 was glad to see you TV.A. onB. inC. at()

11、8. There is a picture my. school on the wall.A. ofB. forC. to()9. You are a good child, My mother said a smile.A. withB. forC. at()10.1 am interested drawing pictures.A. inB. toC. from()11. Ten years later, small trees grew big treesA. upB. intoC. in()12. My uncle took me the funfair last Sunday.A.

12、toB. inC. for()13.Its too noisy.Please turn theTV.A. offB. upC. on()14. Dennis was late school, because he was sick.A. withB. forC. off()15.Do you oftenwritenotes yourmumwhenyouareout?A. offB. toC. for()16.1 received a beautiful doll a birthday gift.A. asB.toC. for()17. The high temperature will go

13、from 15 to 4 degrees this afternoon.A. upB. toC. down()18. The sun gives light and heat.A. out B. offC. of()19. Its very kind you. Thank you very much.A. ofB. forC. to()20. We can see a lot of stars in the sky the summer night.A. atB. inC. on六、根据括号内的提示完成下列句子。1. He (来自北京).2. .Harbin is (在中国的北部).3. -

14、Whats the weather like in Shanghai? - Its warm(在春天).4. (五班的男孩)are playing football in the playground.5. We can see many butterflies flying(花从中).6. (顺便说一下)，Ill come back late tonight.7. My father will go to USA(乘飞机).8. Its cold outside.(穿上)your thick coat.9. Its 12 oclock. Its(该吃午饭了)1(). You look pal

15、e.(你怎么 了)?七、阅读短文，填入适当的介词，使文章通顺。Mary is my good friend. She is (1) Beijing. Now she studies(2) Red Star Primary School(3) Shanghai. She is a model student. Shes clever and helpful. She is friendly (4) me. She always smiles(5) me. She is good(6) English and maths. And she often helps me(7)my lessons.

16、She has many hobbies. She likes painting and drawing. And she likes to listen(8) the music. (9) school we often go home together. At weekends I play(10) her. Mary is the best friend of mine.八、阅读短文，根据所给提示填空，使文章意思通顺。Tom is a worker (I)(在一个大商店里).He doesnt work (在上午).He only works (3)(在夜里).Every morning

17、 he (4)(回家)at about half past six. He has breakfast (在七点).(6)(早饭后)he (睡觉).He (8)(起床)at about half past two. He has lunch (9)(在二点四十五分)and supper at twenty to eight. Then he goes to work at a quarter past eight. He starts work at nine. He(10)(照看)the store every night. He likes his work very much.令关注有礼

18、学科网中小学资源库扫码关注可免费领取180套PPT教学模版令 海量教育资源一触即达令新鲜活动资讯即时上线My grandma often takes a walk after supper.我奶奶经常在晚饭后散步。My uncle will come to my home in two days.我叔叔两天后要来我家。典型例题(1)()1 was born November 15th, 2002.A. inB. onC. at正确答案B解题思路November 15lh, 2002表示2002年11月15日，是具体某一天，应该用介词on。(2) ()a cold winter morning,

19、 a farmer went to the farm alone.A. In B. AtC. On正确答案C解题思路a winter monMng表示“一个寒冷的冬天的早晨”，是具体某一天的早晨，应该用介词on。二、表示空间和方位的介词at, inat用于建筑物、机场、车站等较小范围的地点；in用于国家、城市等较大范围的地点，例如：at home在家at school在学校at the sports meet在运动会上at the party 在晚会上 at the airport 在机场 at the railway station 在火车站at the bus stop在汽车站in the

20、 world在世界上in America在美国in our city在我们的城市里注意：当同一场所被看为一个地点，不强调在空间时用at；当强调其内在的空间时用in,例如： Lets meet at Wanda Cinema.我们在万达电影院见面吧。,There are 1,00() seats in Wanda Cinema.万达电影院内有一千个座位。典型例题()My father will arrive Beijing the day after tomorrow.A. at B. inC. to正确答案B解题思路词组arrive in/at都是“到达”的意思，arrive in表示到达较大

21、的地方(例如城市、国家 等)，arrive at表示到达的是较小的地方(例如学校、机场等)，Beijing是大地方，所以应该用 arrive in。1. on, above, over, below, underon表示“在.上面，有接触面，例如：The bowls are on the tabje.碗在桌子上。above表示“在上方”，不接触，但不强调是否垂直，例如：There are some birds flying above the tree.树的上空有一些小鸟在飞。over表示“在正上方”，不接触，垂直，例如：There is a bridge over the river.河上方

22、有座桥。below表示“在下方”,不接触，但不强调垂直，例如:There is a street below my windows.在我的窗下有一条街。under表示“在的下面”，不接触，但垂直，例如：There is a football under the desk.书桌下面有一只足球。注意：above与below相对,over与under相对。典型例题Please sign your name the line, (under, below)正确答案below解题思路below指紧挨着物体的下面，而under指物体的下方。该题的意思是“请在线的下面签 字”,所以选below。(1) Ba

23、lloons arc flying the town. (on, over)正确答案over解题思路over是指上方，上空，无接触面，而on是指在的上面，有接触面。该题的意思是“气 球在小镇的上空飞过，所以选over。2. at, by, beside, next, nearat, by, beside均表示”在.旁边”；next to表示“紧靠的旁边”；near表示“在的附近”,例如:She sat down al the table and drank the coffee.她在桌边坐下后喝咖啡。She sat by her mother,她靠着她妈妈坐下。He put the umbre

24、lla beside the door.他把伞放在门边。The music room is next to our classroom.音乐教室在我们教室的隔壁。There is a supermarket near my home.我家附近有一家超市。典型例题()I often do my homework the desk in my room.A. onB. atC. by正确答案B解题思路该题的意思是“我经常在我房间的桌边做作业。at the desk就是坐在桌边，两手趴在桌子 上的姿势。3. between, amongbetween和among都表示在之间”,between表示在两

25、者之间,among表示“在三者或三者以上 的中间“，例如：He stood between his two brothers.他站在他两个哥哥的中间。He sat among his toys.他坐在他的玩具中间。4. in, toin表示某事物或某地在一个区域内；to表示某事物或某地相对于另一事物或地方的位置，例如：Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。Japan is to the east of China. 13 本在中国的东面。注意：in和on的区别,请对比:(1) There is a photo on the newspaper.表示

26、照片在报纸的上方。(照片不是报纸的内容)(2) There is a photo in the newspaper.表示报纸上有张照片。(照片是报纸的内容)典型例题(1 )There is a bird the tree. (in, on)正确答案in解题思路该题的意思是“树上有只鸟“，鸟本来不在树上，是后来飞上去的，应用in。(2) There is an apple the tree, (in, on)正确答案on解题思路该题的意思是“树上有只苹果”，这苹果长在树上，应用。n。6. in front of, in the front ofin front of表示在某一空间外部的前面,反义

27、词为behind;in the front of表示在某一空间内部的前面,反义词为at the back of,例如：Dont stand in front of the bus.不要站在公交车的前面。Dont sit in the front of the bus.不要坐在公交车的前排。7. across, throughacross和through都表示穿过，across指在表面穿过，例如：walk across the road 穿过马路swim across the river 游过河through指在里面穿过,例如：go through the tunnel 穿过隧道三、表示手段和材

28、料的介词1 .by表示用某种方式，多用于交通例如：Lucy always goes to school by car.露西总是乘小汽车去上学。We often keep in touch by e - mail.我们经常通过电子邮件保持联系。注意：表示搭乘交通工具时，用by时不用冠词，如：by bus/train/plane/ship/bike乘公共汽车/火车/飞 机/轮船/自行车等。用in时要用冠词，如：I went there by bus/in a bus.我坐公共汽车去那里。2.on表示“以方式*多用于固定词组 例如:，They talked on the telephone.他们通过

29、电话交谈。She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。3.with表示用某种工具 例如：I often do my homework with a ball pen.我经常用圆珠笔写作业。He broke the window with a store.他用石头把窗户玻璃砸破了。注意：with表示用某种工具时，必须用冠词或物主代词。4.in表示用某种材料、语言或穿颜色的衣服例如：She wrote the letter in ink.她用钢笔写这封信的。They talk in English.他们用英语交谈。The boy in bl

30、ack is our monitor.穿黑衣服的男孩是我们的班长。注意：in指用材料，不用冠词；而with指用工具，要用冠词。例如：用铅笔画画可以说 draw in pencil 或 draw with a pencil （5. of, from:都表示某种材料制成，但是使用of表示成品仍可看出原料，使用from表示成品已看不出原料例如：The box is made of wood.这个盒子是由木头制成的。Wine is made from grapes.葡萄泗是由葡萄酿成的。典型例题(1) ( )Please fill in the form pen first.A. inB. withC

31、. by正确答案A解题思路pen前面没有冠词或物主代词，那么就应该选in,这句话的意思是“请先用钢笔填写这张 表格(2) ( )Paper is made wood.A. ofB. onC. from正确答案C解题思路这句话的意思是“纸是由木头做成的“，纸已看不出木头这种材料，所以应选from。四、常用的介词固定搭配about:what aboul/how about 怎么样 worry about 担心after:after school 放学后after class 卜课后look after 照顾day after day 日复一日al:at home在家at school 在校at w

32、ork在工作时at the foot of在的脚下at the bottom of在的底部walk about四处走走a story/movie about关于的故事/电影year after year 年复一年go/run after 追赶after all终究，毕竟at the beginning of 在开始at the end of在结束时at once立刻（not） at all根本（不），完全（不）look at 看laugh at 嘲笑smile at对微笑throw at 扔向around:walk around sth.绕着.走show sb. around带某人参观某地be

33、fore:the day before yesterday 前天by:pass by路过,经过by the end of到末为止by the way顺便说一下for:for a while 一会儿for example 例如for the first time 第一次for the last time 最后一次buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物make sth. for sb.为某人做某物be good for对有好处be bad for对不好be famous for以闻名be/get ready for 为.作准备from:be far from 远离be different f

34、rom 不同于from door to door 挨家挨户from time to time 时不时,1fx时from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五from now on从现在起in:in a line排成列shout at向喊be good at sth. /doing sth.擅长于.be bad/poor at sth. /doing sth.不擅长于.around the country 全国around the world 全世界day by day 一天一天地little by little/bit by bit 一点一点地by mistake 出错be late

35、 for 迟到be/feel sorry for对.感到遗憾/抱歉look for 寻找wait for 等待pay for支付leave for出发去某地go for a walk 去散步go for a picnic 去野餐Its time for .到了的时间 come from 来自take away . from 从拿走learn from向学习borrow . from 从.借be made from由制成（看不见原材料）be absent from 缺席in three rows 成三行in the east/wst/south/north 在东/西/南/北方in all总共in

36、 danger处于危险中in trouble有麻烦in difficulty 困难中be interested in对感兴趣do well in在方面做得好seem like看上去像just like 就像in a hurry匆忙中in a minute很快,马上in time及时in no time立亥！I,马上in fact事实上in/on. the street 在街上in the middle of在的当中like:look like看起来像sound like听起来像feel like摸上去像be like:Whats sb. /sth. like?某人/某物怎么样？Whats th

37、e weather like today?今天天气怎么样？ 11. of:a group of一群a kind of 一种a lot of/lots of 许多plenty of 许多one of其中之一of course 当然on:on the right/left 在右/左边on time准时on foot步行on business 出差on ones way to在某人去的路a book on India 一本关于印度的书put on穿上off:take off 脱下jump off 跳下be full of sth.充满be afraid of 害怕.be fond of 喜欢be m

38、ade of由制成（看得见原材料） take care of 照顾hear of听说try on试穿get on 上（车）turn on 打开switch on 打开be on上映，上演on duty值班，值日and so on 等等get off 下（车）turn off 关掉switch off 关掉fall off从掉下来come out of从里出来look out of the window 看窗夕卜 take sth. out of从拿出某物.get out of the car下车（从小汽车里出去）15 .to:be kind/friendly to sb.对某人友好be clo

39、se to 靠近go to school 上学go to work 上班go to bed 睡觉have to do sth.不得不做某事back to back 背靠背. with:make friends with与交朋友play with与玩help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事be busy with 忙于get along with与相处with a smile带着微笑face to face 面对面the answer to the problem 题目的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙 from .to .从.至 lj.in order to do sth.为了.too . to .太以至于不能look forward to sth.盼望某事quarrel with与吵架fight with与打架be familiar with 对熟悉be covered with 覆盖着be filled with 充满be satisfied with 对.感到满意Whats wrong with you? Whats wrong with you? /Whats the matter with you?你怎么 了 ?How is everything going with you?你最近怎么样？