形容词与副词讲解加练习.pdf

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1、形 容 词&副 词 一、形容词的定义 表示人或事物的属性，特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词，为名词提供更多的信息，它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类.一般放在所修饰的名词之_;若修饰不定代词，则需后置.二、形容词的用法 1.用作定语 Li Mei is a beautiful city girl.2.用作表语 My fathers car is very expensive.3.用作宾语补足语 Dont keep the door open.4.the+形容词,表示一类人或事物，相当于名词，用作主语及宾语 The old ofte n thi nk of old th

2、i ngs.The new always take the place of the old.5.有时也可用作状语或补语 Please speak loud and clear.After seve n days,the childre n came back from the forest safe.三、形容词的位置 1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语 a red flower 一朵红花 this interesting story 这个有趣的故事(1)当形容词所修饰的词是由 some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时，形容词必须置于所修饰的词之后.例如：She has someth

3、ing new to tell me.I have nothing importa nt to do today.(2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时，形容词必须置于名词之后.例如：It is a problem difficult to work out.Edis on is a stude nt difficult to teach.(3)在以下特殊用法中，形容词置于所修饰的名词之后.例如：All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.有少数形容词，如enough和possible,既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所

4、修饰的名词之后.例如:Do you have en ough time(time en ough)to prepare 你有足够的时间做准备吗(5)有些形容词，置于名词之前与之后，含义不尽相同.例如：the writer present 出席的作家 the present writer 当代的作家 四、形容词的比较等级 形容词的比较级和最高级 一般情况 加 er,est smaller,smallest 以e结尾 加 r,st larger,largest 单音节词和少数多音 节的形容词，加词尾 er,est 以辅音字母+y 结尾 的词 改y为i，再加er,est busier,busiest

5、 重读闭音节结尾，末 尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母，加 er,est fatter,fattest 以ow,er结尾的双音节 词 加 er,est n arrower,narrowest cleverer,cleverest 多数双音节和多音节 的词 加 more most more beautiful,most importa nt 副词的比较级和最高级 1大多数以ly结尾的副词前加 more和most来构成比较级和最高级 2 少数单音节副词，加 er,est构成其比较级和最高级。3.几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级 比较级 最咼级 good,well better best bad,i

6、ll,badly worse worst many,much more most little less least far farther,further farthest,further old older,elder oldest,eldest 比较级和最高级的常用句型(1)句型asas.表示两者相比较，程度相同.The old man walks as fast as a you ng man.(2)句型not as(so)-as,表示两者相比较.前者不如后者.Im not as tall as Jack.我没有杰克高.(3)表示两者之间比较时.用形容词比较级+than或lesstha

7、r两种句型.Your mother looks healthier tha n before.(4)more and more 越来越.The park is gett ing more and more beautiful.(5)the 比较级 the 比较级 越.就越.The more books we read.the cleverer we will become.(6)the+比较级+of the two 两个中较 的一个.Id like to go to the farther of the two places.(7)比较级+than any other+单数名词比其他任何 .都

8、.Li Lei is taller tha n any other boy in his class.(8)三者或三者以上相比较.用the+最高级+名词+范围“结构.This is the clea nest place of the city.(9)表示最之一,用one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest buildi ngs in the world.注意：形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词 the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时，则不加 the.例 如:(正)This is my best f

9、riend.(误)This is my the(the my)best friend.五、几种常见的形容词句型 1.形容词+介词+名词（或代词或动名词）rm not in terested in play ing computer games.My pare nts are pleased with my studies.2.lt is(was)+形容词+of/for+名词(或代词)+不定式 Its foolish of me to make such a mistake.It was kind of the driver to send the old man home.3.形容词+不定式

10、常用于这种句型的形容词有：able,sure,lucky,ready,happy,likely 等.She is sure to pass the exam.Im lucky to meet you here.副词的用法 1.副词修饰动词，在句子中作方式状语。例如：The man runs fast.（fast修饰 runs 这个动作）2.副词修饰形容词，并且通常放在形容词的前面 例如：He becomes very han dsome.3.在“副词+形容词”这样的结构中，中心词是形容词，副词只是为了说明程度大小 即：very handsome的中心词是 handsome 4.副词前面也可以加

11、副词，例如上面的句子都可以改写成：The man runs very fast.very本身是副词，意思是“非常，很”，所以后面也可以跟副词或者形容词。填形容词还是副词？实义动词后面跟副迥，连系动词后面跟形容_ 例如：She sings beautifully.（sing是实义动词，beautiful用来说明唱得如何）She looks sad.（look是连系动词，后面跟形容词）*还有一些不是连系动词的词，例如 make和get,要根据句子的意思判断填形容词还是副词。区分：He is making a kite carefully.（carefully用来修饰 make 这个动词）He ma

12、de the teacher angry.（angry是指 the teacher，而不是修饰 make 这个动词）于是有词组：make sb+adj.leave sb+adj.get+adj 形容词和副词分别长什么样子？1.形容词的词尾通常有 in g/ful/ed/y interesting、tiring、boring、exciting、surprising、amazing（与物有关）interesteck tired、bored、excited、surprised、amazed（与人有关）careful、hopeful、wonderful、helpful、colorful、meaning

13、ful、beautiful rainy、windy、cloudy、dry、messy easy funny、busy、angry 区分：The children were excited when they heard the exciting news.The man was tired（劳累的）after doing so many tiring（累人的）jobs.*但是在 interesting 与 interested 中，形容人或物的都用 interesting,而 interested 常以词组 be interested in的形式出现，表示“对感兴趣”。The story is

14、 in teresti ng./The teacher is in teresti ng.2.副词的词尾通常是ly,但亦有一些不以ly结尾的副词。badly、surprisingly、carefully、hopefully、quickly、greatly、possibly（通常是由形容词加 ly 变来）hard（努力地）、well（好）、high（高）、fast（快地）、pretty（十分，非常）、very much/a lot（非常）a little（一点）3.有些词既是形容词也是副词 hard adj硬的 adv努力地 early adj早的 adv早地 late adj迟的 adv迟 h

15、igh adj.&adv.高 well adj.健康地 adv好 形容词变副词的规律 规则变化 范围 变化规则 例词 大部分形容词 加ly carelesscarelessly quietquietly 以le结尾的形容 词 去e加ly possiblepossibly terribleterribly comfortable-comfortably gentle-gen tly 以y结尾的形容 词 变y为ily easy-easily angry-an grily noisyn oisily happyhappily 不规则变化 本身既是形容词也是副词，无需 改变 fast-fast、ear

16、ly-early、high-high hard-hard、late-late、far-far 形容词和副词为完全不同的单 词 good-well 虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能直接用来修饰动词 friendly、lively、lovely、Ionely、likely 有些形容词本身即为副词，同时 也有加ly的副词形式。但加不加 ly意思不一样，使用时需注意 wide（形容词，宽阔的，睁大的）-wide（副词，睁大 地）/widely（副词，广泛地）,late（形容词，晚的）late（副词，晚地），lately（最 近）high（形容词，高的）-high（副词，高地）/highly（副特别容

17、易犯错的副词 形容词 副词 备注 hard hard hard副词容易写成hardly,hardly意思为几乎不”，与 hard无任何关系 frien dly 无 不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成 in a friendly way用一种友好的方式。如：He smiled at me in a frien dly way.polite politely 不用去掉子母 e。类似的词还有：widely,nicely,closely,形容词比较级练习题（一）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式:long wide fat heavy slow few brightly badly f

18、ar quickly happy unhappy(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Of the two girls,I find Lucy the (clever).2.Gold(黄金)is _ (little)useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years(old)tha n I.4.Joh n s pare nts have four daughters,and she is the(young)child.5.The(cheap)bags are the not usually the best on es.6.The short one is

19、by far expe nsive of the five.7.The boy is not so(in teresti ng)as his brother.8.Dick sings _ (well),she sings _(well)than John,but Mary sings _ (well)in her class.9.She will be much _ (happy)in her mew house.10.This dress is tha n that on e.(expe nsive)(三)翻译句子：1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is that one.2.

20、你游泳没有你弟弟好。You can t swim your brother.3.今天比昨天冷的多。It is today it was yesterday.4.这个故事比另一个有趣得多。This story is tha n that one 5.他比我大两岁。He is tha n I.6.这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is tha n that one.7.她的身体状况一天天好起来。She is getti ng _ _ every day.8.他对英语越来越感兴趣。_ He is becoming _ English.9.他吃的越多，人越胖。_ The more he ea

21、ts,the he gets.10.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。_ Your question is of two.副词练习、将形容词变为副词 1.easy 2.hard 3.true 4.heavy 5.careful 6.happy 7.fast 8.lucky 9.ge ntle 10.possible 11.a ngry 12.sad 13.good 14.bad 15.n ear 16.terrible 17.quick 18.nice 、用单词适当形式填空 1.Look at the childre n on the playgrou nd.They are flying kit

22、es _(happy).2.Why do you think you did so _(bad)i n your test?3.We can _(easy)forgive a child who is afraid of the dark,but we can t forgive an adult who is afi the light.4.Congratulations!You ve answered all the questions _(correct).5.The computer is _(wide)used in our daily life.We can do many thi

23、ngs with it.6.I cha nged into my sports shoes so that I could walk more _(comfortable).7.Mary passed her exam in ati on because she studied very _(hard).8.“Why didn t you tell me earlier?boss shouTd _(hungry).9.It s _(true)possible that robot teachers will be popular in schools some day.10.How _(com

24、fortable)the gia nt pan das are livi ng in Taiwa n!11.Miss Xu smiled and said to me _(soft),“Never mind,my boy!”12.Last ni ght it rained _(heavy)in the souther n part of the city.13.Sim on hates to be like others,he ofte n tires to do everyth ing _(differe nt).14.The childre n clapped their hands _(

25、excited)as soon as the astro nauts appeared on the stage.15.Tom had an accide nt yesterday.His teacher sent him to the hospital _(quick).形容词与副词专项训练练习题()1.Work gets done _ whe n people do it together,and the rewards are higher too.A.easily B.very easy C.more easily D.easier()2.My pare nts have always

26、 made me _ about myself,eve n whe n I was twelve.A.feeli ng well B.feeli ng good C.feel well D.feel good()3.He bega n to take political scie nee _ only whe n he left school.A.strictly B.truly C.carefully D.seriously()4.The final score of the basketball match was 93-94.We were only _ beate n.A.nearly

27、 B.slightly C.narrowly D.lightly()5.The new group of stude nts is better-behaved tha n the other group who stayed here _.A.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earliest()6.Do you n eed any help,Lucy?Yes,The job is _ I could do myself.A.less tha n B.more tha n C.no more tha n D.n ot more tha n()7.There i

28、s an old proverb,Love me,love my dog.But there is _ wisdom in this:Love me,love my book.A.some B.much C.more D.most()8.With April 18 s railway speedup,highway and air transport will have to compete with _ service for passengers.A.good B.better C.best D.the best()9.The melon the Smiths served at dinn

29、er would have tasted _ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.A.good B.better C.best D.well()10.After two years research,we now have a _ better understanding of the disease.A.very B.far C.fairly D.quite()11.Speaking of all the songs he has written,I think this is probably his _ one.A.be

30、tter-known B.well-known C.best-known D.most-known()12.Of the two coats,I d choose the _ one to spare some money for a book.A.cheapest B.cheaper C.more expensive D.most expensive()13.I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us.She is _ than unfriendly,I m afraid.A.shyer B.much shyer C.shy more D.more sh

31、y()14.I didn t do well in this English examination.How about you?I did _ you.A.not better than B.no worse than C.as well as D.no better than()15.Now that you like the house with a garden,why not buy it?Well,I can t afford _ house at present.A.that expensive a B.a such expensive C.that an expensive D

32、.a so expensive 用所给词的适当形式填空 1._ The river was so polluted that it (actual)caught fire and burned.2._ Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches,naturally and _ (soft).3._ Just be (patience).4._ Although parents should take _ (well)care of their young children,they don t _ (n

33、ecessary)do anything for them.5.-Do you like Mary s new hairstyle?-Perfect!How much _ (good)she looks with the curly short hair!6.-Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?-Not at all.I can t have a _ (bad)one.7.-Lily did succeed at last!-Yeah,indeed,but she was _ (luck)than successful,I think.

34、8._ That would be a very (reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like this.9._ Mary felt (please),because there were many empty seats in the room.10.The teachers are very enthusiastic and _ (friend)and the classrooms are _ (amaze).单句改错(只有一处错误)1.The fruits are small in

35、size,but juicy and taste.2.We don t need to do so many homework.Therefore,we have more time for after-school activities.3.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.4.That is too much for us,considering how closely the houses are.5.I m always caution

36、 about what I say because some careless remarks are likely to hurt other s feelings.6.Doing physical exercise is an effect way to get rid of anger.7.But such a small thing couldn t possible destroy a village.8.Interesting,it has a connection with the British porcelain(瓷器)industry.1.C。根据题意可知，说话者是将 wh

37、en people do it together和when people don t do it together这两种情况比 较，故选比较级。注意不要选 D，因为在此题是要用副词修饰动词，不能用形容词。另外，根据句末的 higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。2.D。首先，根据连系动词后要接形容词作表语这一特点，可排 除A和C。另外，使役动词 make后可接动词原形(不带to的不定式)或过去分词作宾语补足语，但不能接 现在分词，故可排除选项 B。3.D。take sth seriously 的意思是“认真对待某事”“认真考虑某事”。4.C。副词 narrowly 在此表示勉强地”，又如

38、：He narrowly escaped being run over.他差点儿被车压死。The proposal to change the rules was narrowly defeated by 201 votes to 196.建议改变规则的提议以 196票对 201 票的微弱差额被否决了。本题句意：篮球赛的最后比分是 93比 94。我们以微弱的劣势输掉了比赛。5.B。因题目把这组新学生与前面一组学生进行比较，故用比较级。6.B。注意句中的 Yes,由于答话者对问话 者的“你需要帮助吗？”作了肯定回答，说明答话者独自完成工作有困难，故填 more than。7.C。由于 是将“Lo

39、ve me,love my dog”与“Love me,love my book”进行比较，故用比较级。此题的巧妙之处在于句 中没有岀现than，而是给岀两个待比较的 proverb。8.B。句子大意为：由于铁路提速了，所以高速公路 和航空业要提高服务质量来竞争客源。因将“高速公路和航空”与“铁路”比较，故用比较级。9.B。题 目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较，故用比较级。句意为：史密斯家人晚餐时上 的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。10.B。这四个副词中，通常只有 far可用于修饰比较。注：quite有时也可用于修饰比较 better，但它只用于表示“身体康复，t

40、han,的用法，其意为“与其说”不 如说”。14.D。句中的no better than相当于as badly as，其意为“一样不好”。15.A。that在用作副 词，用法相当于 so,意为“如此，这么”。I 1.actually 2.softly 3.patie nt 4.good,n ecessarily 5.better 6.worse 7.more lucky 8.reasonable 9.pleased 10.friendly,amazing n 1.taste-tasty 2.many-much 3.helpfully-helpful 4.closely-close 5.caut

41、i on-cautious 6.effect-effective 7.possible-possibly8.In terest in g-I nteresti ngly 9.more-ma ny Ion ger lon gest wider widest fatter fattest heavier heaviest slow slower slowest fewer fewest more brightly most brightly more badly most badly farther farthest more quickly most quickly happier happie

42、st un happier un happiest（二）用所给词的正确形式填空：1.cleverer 2.less 3.older 4.youngest 5.cheapest 6.more 7.interesting 8.well,better,best 9.Happier 10.more expensiv e（三）翻译句子：1.as interesting as 2.As well as 3.much colder today than 4.Much more interesting 5.two years older 6.Not more i nteresting 7.Getting be

43、tter and better 8.more and more interested in 9.Fatter 10.The more difficult 形容词&副词 一、形容词的定义 表示人或事物的属性，特征或状态的词叫形容词（Adjective）.形容词修饰名词，为名词提供更多的信息，它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类.一般放在所修饰的名词之;若修饰不定代词，则需后置 二、形容词的用法 1.用作 Li Mei is a beautiful city girl.2.用作 My fathers car is very expe nsive.3.用作 Dont keep the door ope

44、n.*A 士由*%T 士口、【/十 中/后右 4.,表示 类人或事物，相当于名词，用作主语及兵语 The old ofte n thi nk of old thi ngs.The new always take the place of the old.5.有时也可用作 Please speak loud and clear.After seve n days,the childre n came back from the forest safe.三、形容词的位置 1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语 a red flower 一朵红花 this interesting story 这个有趣的故事

45、 (1)当形容词所修饰的词是由 some,any,every,no等构成的 _ 时，形容词必须置于所修饰的词之 _.例如：She has someth ing new to tell me.I have nothing importa nt to do today.(2)形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时，形容词必须置于名词之后.例如：It is a problem difficult to work out.Edis on is a stude nt difficult to teach.(3)在以下特殊用法中，形容词置于所修饰的名词之后.例如：All people,young or old

46、,should be strict with themselves.(4)有少数形容词，如 和 _,既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的名词之后.例如:Do you have en ough time(time en ough)to prepare 你有足够的时间做准备吗(5)有些形容词，置于名词之前与之后，含义不尽相同.例如：the writer present _的乍家 the present writer _ 作家 四、形容词的比较等级 形容词的比较级和最高级 一般情况 smaller,smallest 以e结尾 larger,largest 单音节词和少数多音 节的形容词，加词尾

47、 er,est 以辅音字母+y 结尾 的词 busier,busiest 重读闭音节结尾，末 尾只有一个辅音字母 fatter,fattest 以ow,er结尾的双音节 词 n arrower,narrowest cleverer,cleverest 多数双音节和多音节 的词 more beautiful,most importa nt 副词的比较级和最高级 1大多数以ly结尾的副词前加 _ 和 _ 来构成比较级和最高级 2 少数单音节副词，加 er,est构成其比较级和最高级。3.几个特殊的形容词和副词 原级 比较级 最咼级 good,well bad,ill,badly many,much

48、 little far old 比较级和最高级的常用句型(1)句型 _:,表示两者相比较，程度相同 The old man walks as fast as a you ng man.(2)句型 _,表示两者相比较，前者不如后者.Im not as tall as Jack.我没有杰克高.(3)表示两者之间比较时，用 _:或 _ 两种句型.Your mother looks healthier tha n before.(4)_越来越.The park is gett ing more and more beautiful.(5)_ 越就越.The more books we read,the

49、 cleverer we will become.(6)_ 两个中较 的一个.rd like to go to the farther of the two places.“比其他任何都.Li Lei is taller tha n any other boy in his class.（8）三者或三者以上相比较 _，用 结构.This is the clea nest place of the city.（9）表示”最 之一,用“.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest buildi ngs in the world.注意：形容词最高级前

50、面必须加定冠词 the,但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时，则不加 如:（正）This is my best friend.（误）This is my the（the my）best friend.五、几种常见的形容词句型 1.rm not in terested in play ing computer games.My pare nts are pleased with my studies.2.Its foolish of me to make such a mistake.It was kind of the driver to send the old man home.3.常用于