(山东专用)2022版高考英语一轮复习第二部分语法专题一句子成分基础巩固外研版.pdf

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1、山东专用山东专用 20222022 版高考英语一版高考英语一轮复习第二局部语法专题一句轮复习第二局部语法专题一句子成分根底稳固外研版子成分根底稳固外研版专题一专题一句子成分句子成分根底稳固根底稳固.单句填空.单句填空1.The1.The(nation)park has a large(nation)park has a largecollection of wildlife,ranging fromcollection of wildlife,ranging frombutterflies to elephants.butterflies to elephants.答案答案nationalna

2、tional空格处在句中作名词空格处在句中作名词parkpark的的定语定语,故填提示词的形容词形式故填提示词的形容词形式 nationalnational。2.The2.The(fail)(fail)waswas a a bigbig blowblow toto him,him,butbuthe wasnt discouraged and soon got ashe wasnt discouraged and soon got asenthusiastic as ever.enthusiastic as ever.答案答案failurefailure句意句意:这次失败对他来说是个这次失败对他

3、来说是个沉重的打击沉重的打击,可是他没有气馁可是他没有气馁,很快他又像以前很快他又像以前那样情绪高涨了。空格处在句中作主语那样情绪高涨了。空格处在句中作主语,结合空结合空前的定冠词可知前的定冠词可知,应填名词应填名词 failurefailure。3.Dashan,3.Dashan,has been learning has been learningcrosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with thefor

4、decades,wants to mix it up with theWestern stand-up tradition.Western stand-up tradition.答案答案whowho句意句意:几十年来几十年来,一直在学习中国一直在学习中国喜剧传统相声的大山想把相声和西方喜剧传统喜剧传统相声的大山想把相声和西方喜剧传统融合起来。融合起来。前两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句前两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,2 2先行词指人先行词指人,关系词在从句中作主语关系词在从句中作主语,故用故用 whowho引导定语从句。引导定语从句。4.She asked me whether I had r

5、eturned the4.She asked me whether I had returned thebooks to the library,and Ibooks to the library,and I(admit)(admit)that I hadnt.that I hadnt.答案答案admittedadmitted句意句意:她问我是否已经把书她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了还给图书馆了,我成认我还没有还。空格处在句我成认我还没有还。空格处在句中与中与 askedasked 作并列谓语作并列谓语,且表示过去发生的动作且表示过去发生的动作,因此应用一般过去时态。故空格处填因此应用一般过去

6、时态。故空格处填admittedadmitted。5.Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see5.Mr.and Mrs.Brown would like to see(they)daughter settle down,get married,(they)daughter settle down,get married,and have kids.and have kids.答案答案theirtheir句意句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安排下来他们的女儿安排下来,结婚生子。空格处在句中结婚生子。空格处在句中作名词作名词 daughter

7、daughter 的定语的定语,故填形容词性物主代故填形容词性物主代词词 theirtheir。6.We offer an excellent education to our6.We offer an excellent education to ourstudents;in return,we expect themstudents;in return,we expect them(work)hard.(work)hard.答案答案to workto work句意句意:我们为我们的学生提供我们为我们的学生提供良好的教育良好的教育;作为回报作为回报,我们希望他们努力学习。我们希望他们努力学习

8、。3 3空格处在句中作宾补空格处在句中作宾补,结合“expect sb.结合“expect sb.to doto dosth.sth.可知可知,空格处填空格处填 to workto work。7.That young man is7.That young man is(honesty),(honesty),cooperative,cooperative,andand alwaysalways therethere whenwhen youyou needneedhis help.his help.答案答案honesthonest句意句意:那个年轻人老实、那个年轻人老实、有合作有合作精神精神,并

9、且当你需要他的帮助时并且当你需要他的帮助时,他总是在那里。他总是在那里。空格处在句中作表语空格处在句中作表语,结合语境可知结合语境可知,空格处填空格处填honesthonest。8.When the time came to make the final8.When the time came to make the finaldecisiondecision forfor a a course,course,I I(decide)(decide)totoapply for the one that reflected myapply for the one that reflected my

10、interest.interest.答案答案decideddecided句意句意:当最后决定课程的时候当最后决定课程的时候到了到了,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。空格处我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。空格处在句中作谓语在句中作谓语,且表示过去发生的动作且表示过去发生的动作,故用一故用一般过去时态。般过去时态。9.It was really9.It was really(annoy);I couldnt(annoy);I couldntget access to the data bank you hadget access to the data bank you hadrecommended

11、to me.recommended to me.4 4答案答案annoyingannoying句意句意:真令人烦恼真令人烦恼,我无法访我无法访问你推荐给我的数据库。空格处在句中作表语问你推荐给我的数据库。空格处在句中作表语,结合空前的结合空前的 ItIt 可知可知,空格处填空格处填 annoyingannoying。10.Nicks guests,10.Nicks guests,had heard their had heard theirconversation,conversation,askedasked whywhy theythey shouldshould notnot buybu

12、ysalt more cheaply if they could.salt more cheaply if they could.答案答案whowho分析句子结构可知分析句子结构可知,两个逗号之间两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句为非限制性定语从句,先行词“guests指人先行词“guests指人,且在从句中作主语且在从句中作主语,因此应用关系代词因此应用关系代词 whowho 引导引导定语从句。故空格处填定语从句。故空格处填 whowho。11.Five others on the bus began talking11.Five others on the bus began talkinga

13、boutabout whatwhat thethe boyboy hadhad donedone andand thethe crowdcrowd ofofstrangersstrangers(sudden)became friendly(sudden)became friendlyto one another.to one another.答案答案suddenlysuddenly空格处在句中作状语空格处在句中作状语,因此因此空格处应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填空格处应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填suddenlysuddenly。12.To warm12.To warm(he),the s

14、ailor sat in(he),the sailor sat infront of the fire rubbing one bare footfront of the fire rubbing one bare footagainst the other.against the other.答案答案himselfhimself句意句意:为了给自己取暖为了给自己取暖,那位那位海员坐在火炉前海员坐在火炉前,光着的双脚相互摩擦着。空格光着的双脚相互摩擦着。空格5 5处在句中作宾语处在句中作宾语,结合主语和语境可知结合主语和语境可知,空格处空格处填反身代词填反身代词 himselfhimself。

15、13.September 30 is the day by13.September 30 is the day by you youmust pay your bill.must pay your bill.答案答案whichwhich句意句意:9:9 月月 3030 日是你必须付账单日是你必须付账单的日期。的日期。the daythe day 是先行词是先行词,关系词在从句中作关系词在从句中作介词介词 byby 的宾语的宾语,故应用关系代词故应用关系代词 whichwhich。14.The witnesses14.The witnesses(question)by the(question)

16、by thepolice just now gave very differentpolice just now gave very differentdescriptions of the fight.descriptions of the fight.答案答案questionedquestioned句意句意:警察刚刚询问的目警察刚刚询问的目击者对于打斗的描述出入很大。击者对于打斗的描述出入很大。空格处在句中作空格处在句中作名词的后置定语名词的后置定语,且表示被动完成且表示被动完成,故空格处填故空格处填过去分词过去分词 questionedquestioned。15.As15.As Jack

17、Jack leftleft hishis membershipmembership cardcard atat home,home,he wasnt allowedhe wasnt allowed(go)into the(go)into thesports club.sports club.答案答案to goto go句意句意:因为杰克把会员卡落在家因为杰克把会员卡落在家里了里了,所以体育俱乐部不允许他进入。空格处在所以体育俱乐部不允许他进入。空格处在句中作补足语句中作补足语,此处实际上是“allow sb.to do此处实际上是“allow sb.to dosth.sth.的被动形式的被动形

18、式,即“sb.be allowed to do即“sb.be allowed to dosth.sth.,故空格处填不定式故空格处填不定式 to goto go。6 616.Id appreciate it if you would like to16.Id appreciate it if you would like toteachteach(I)how to use the computer.(I)how to use the computer.答案答案meme句意句意:如果你教我如何使用电脑我如果你教我如何使用电脑我将感谢不尽。空格处在句中作宾语将感谢不尽。空格处在句中作宾语,结合语境

19、可结合语境可知知,空格处填提示词的宾格形式。故填空格处填提示词的宾格形式。故填 meme。17.I made a promise to myself17.I made a promise to myself this thisyear,year,mymy firstfirst yearyear inin highhigh school,school,wouldwould bebedifferent.different.答案答案thatthat句意句意:我向自己承诺我向自己承诺,今年今年,我在我在高中的第一年高中的第一年,将会有所不同。将会有所不同。myselfmyself 之后为同之后为同位语

20、从句位语从句,从句中不缺少句子成分从句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整且句意完整,故空格处填故空格处填 thatthat。18.You can borrow my car as long as you18.You can borrow my car as long as youpromise notpromise not(drive)too fast.(drive)too fast.答案答案toto drivedrive句意句意:只要你保证不开得太快只要你保证不开得太快,你就可以借我的车。你就可以借我的车。动词动词 promisepromise 之后应该接动之后应该接动词不定式词不定式 to dr

21、iveto drive 作宾语。作宾语。.单句改错.单句改错1.Nowadays,cycled,along with jogging and1.Nowadays,cycled,along with jogging andswimming,is regarded as one of the bestswimming,is regarded as one of the bestall-round forms of exercise.all-round forms of exercise.7 7答案答案cycledcyclingcycledcycling句意句意:现在骑自行车现在骑自行车与慢跑和游泳

22、一样与慢跑和游泳一样,被认为是最全面的锻炼方式被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。前两个逗号之间的单词在句中作主语之一。前两个逗号之间的单词在句中作主语,故故cycledcycled 改为动名词形式。改为动名词形式。2.Determining where we are in relation to2.Determining where we are in relation toour surroundings remain an essential skillour surroundings remain an essential skillfor our survival.for our surv

23、ival.答案答案remainremainsremainremains动名词短语动名词短语“Determining where we are in relation to“Determining where we are in relation toour surroundingsour surroundings作主语作主语,谓语动词应用单数谓语动词应用单数形式形式,故故 remainremain 改为改为 remainsremains。3.A sudden stop can be a very frightened3.A sudden stop can be a very frightene

24、dexperience,especially if you areexperience,especially if you aretravelling at high speed.travelling at high speed.答案答案frightenedfrighteningfrightenedfrightening句意句意:突然突然停止可能是一次可怕的经历停止可能是一次可怕的经历,尤其是当你高速行尤其是当你高速行8 8进的时候。此处应用现在分词作定语进的时候。此处应用现在分词作定语,修饰名词修饰名词experienceexperience。4.Mary4.Mary waswas sile

25、ncesilence duringduring thethe early partearly part ofofthethe discussiondiscussion butbut finallyfinally sheshe gavegave voicevoice totoher opinion on the subject.her opinion on the subject.答案答案silencesilentsilencesilent句意句意:玛丽在讨论的玛丽在讨论的前一局部是沉默的前一局部是沉默的,但是最后她说出了自己对这但是最后她说出了自己对这个话题的观点。个话题的观点。waswas

26、之后应该使用之后应该使用 silentsilent 作表作表语。语。5.Studies5.Studies havehave shownshown thatthat thethe rightright andand leftleftear process sound different.ear process sound different.答案答案differentdifferentlydifferentdifferently句意句意:研究研究说明说明,左右耳处理声音的方式是截然不同的。句左右耳处理声音的方式是截然不同的。句尾的词在句中作状语尾的词在句中作状语,用于修饰动词用于修饰动词proc

27、ess,process,故故differentdifferent 改为改为 differentlydifferently。6.Know6.Know basicbasic first-aidfirst-aid techniquestechniques willwill helphelpyou respond quickly to emergencies.you respond quickly to emergencies.9 9答案答案KnowKnowingKnowKnowingwillwill 之前的内容在句之前的内容在句中作主语中作主语,故此处应用动名词。故此处应用动名词。7.Wheneve

28、r I think of the old days,I feel7.Whenever I think of the old days,I feelvery happily.very happily.答案答案happilyhappyhappilyhappy系动词系动词feelfeel后应用形后应用形容词作表语容词作表语,因此因此 happilyhappily 使用错误使用错误,happily,happily 改改为为 happyhappy。8.When8.When PeterPeter speaksspeaks inin public,public,hehe alwaysalways hasha

29、strouble think of the right things to say.trouble think of the right things to say.答案答案thinkthinkingthinkthinking此处为固定短语此处为固定短语“have trouble(in)doing sth.“have trouble(in)doing sth.,意为“做意为“做某事有困难某事有困难,故故 thinkthink 改为改为 thinkingthinking。9.Before driving into the city,you are9.Before driving into the

30、 city,you arerequired get your car washed.required get your car washed.1010答案答案requiredtorequiredto根据“be required根据“be requiredto do sth.to do sth.可知可知,get,get 之前应该添加不定式符之前应该添加不定式符号号 toto。10.I10.I noticednoticed thatthat thethe carriagecarriage waswas noisenoise andandfilled with people.filled with

31、people.答案答案noisenoisynoisenoisywaswas 之后应用形容词作之后应用形容词作表语表语,结合语境可知结合语境可知,名词名词 noisenoise 应改为形容词应改为形容词noisynoisy。11.I also shared many photos taking in11.I also shared many photos taking inBeijing with my friends.Beijing with my friends.答案答案takingtakentakingtaken名词名词 photosphotos 之后为非之后为非谓语动词作后置定语谓语动词

32、作后置定语,且表示被动完成且表示被动完成,故故takingtaking 改为改为 takentaken。12.After waiting for half an hour,I was12.After waiting for half an hour,I wasbeginning to get impatiently.beginning to get impatiently.1111答案答案impatientlyimpatientimpatientlyimpatientgetget 之后应之后应该接形容词该接形容词 impatientimpatient 作表语。作表语。13.He13.He ha

33、dhad timetime forfor a a properlyproperly breakfastbreakfast andandwas still the first to reach the factory.was still the first to reach the factory.答案答案properlyproperproperlyproper在名词在名词 breakfastbreakfast之前应用形容词之前应用形容词 properproper 作定语。作定语。14.When14.When I I waswas a a child,child,I I hopedhoped t

34、oto livelive inin thethecity;I think I would be happy there.city;I think I would be happy there.答案答案thinkthoughtthinkthought根据语境可知根据语境可知,think,think使用错误使用错误,此处应用一般过去时态此处应用一般过去时态,故故 thinkthink 改改为为 thoughtthought。15.There,15.There,KatiaKatia willwill introduceintroduce meme toto somesome ofofher friends,one of who has been to Chinaher friends,one of who has been to Chinaseveral times.several times.1212答案答案whowhomwhowhom第二个逗号之后为非限制第二个逗号之后为非限制性定语从句性定语从句,先行词指人先行词指人,关系词作介词关系词作介词 ofof 的宾的宾语语,故故 whowho 使用错误使用错误,应改为应改为 whomwhom。1313