弹性力学基础及有限元法.ppt
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1、内蒙古科技大学内蒙古科技大学 机械工程学院机械工程学院 刘学杰刘学杰 2015-03 2015-03弹性力学方程组的求解弹性力学方程组的求解The solution of elasticity equationsFEM&ANSYS-3有限元法及实践有限元法及实践-3Finite Element Method(FEM)&the PracticeOutline 概要n1.Review 回顾n2.Solution of the set of equations 求解求解n2.1.Methods 方法方法n2.2.Problem 问题问题n3.From IFEM to FEM 从无限元到有限元吗?从无
2、限元到有限元吗?n变分变分n虚位移虚位移n最小能量原理最小能量原理ReviewnThe set of equationsn1.The equilibrium equations(平衡方程)n2.The strain-displacement relationship(几何方程)n3.Stress-strain relationship(物理方程)n nThe solution of the set of equations The equilibrium equations:Stress&loadsnThe equilibrium equationsStrain-Displacement Re
3、lation(几何方程)Stress-strain relationship物理方程(广义胡克定律)物理方程(广义胡克定律)The set of equationsQuestion 1:How to make the loading&constrains into the equations?Elemental volume位移/displacements u,v,w应变/strains 应力/stress Question 2:what are the exact unknown values?What is the form of solution?Elemental volume位移/d
4、isplacements u,v,w u(x,y,z),v(x,y,z),w(x,y,z)应变/strains 应力/stress The solution of the equations:How to get the solution?n1.The required known values(what must to be known?)n1)the geometrical values:shape and size(几何模型)(几何模型)n2)the materials properties:E,G (材料性质)(材料性质)n3)The loads(载荷)(载荷)n4)The const
5、rains(约束)(约束)n2.The solution plan(how to resolve the equations?)n1)the transition of the set of equations (微分方程化简)(微分方程化简)nthe displacement method nthe stress methodn2)the integration field(积分域)(积分域)n3)the loads matrix(载荷矩阵)(载荷矩阵)n4)the constrains the displacement matrix(位移矩阵)(位移矩阵)The solution of e
6、lasticity equations:a great challengenThe solution methodologyn1.The analytical method(解析法)(解析法)n2.The calculus of variations(变分法,能量法)(变分法,能量法)n3.The difference method(差分法(差分法)n微分方程 代数方程(等距差分 偏微分与函数值联结)n4.The finite element method (有限元法)(有限元法)n 连续体连续体 离散化结构离散化结构The analytical method(解析法):Elimination
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