《我的词汇和翻译.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《我的词汇和翻译.ppt(38页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、词汇一、主要考点:1.难词辨意。找题目中的关键词。2.短语搭配。3.近义词辨析。许多英文词汇的中文解释相差不多,可联系其英文解释,或者看中文解释中括号里面的内容。4.形近易混词。一般四个选项中有最为相象的两个词,答案就在这两个词中间。但是也有例外。二.词汇的记忆:1.正确的读音;看其英文解释及其典型例句。2.词根词缀记忆法,与形象化相结合。3.在语境当中记忆;生活中学英文。4.在阅读当中达到反复和熟练。5.个性化记忆方法。发展自己的想象力,结合读音,词形来记忆。例如:bride,“b”读音“不”,“ride”义为“骑”,不骑就是坐轿子,为新娘;groom,“g”读音“给”,“room”义为“房
2、子”,则提供房子的为新郎。三.词根词缀:soph(wise智慧):sophism诡辩,sophomore大二学生,philosophy哲学,zoophilist动物保护者concom(together一起):coincidence同时存在con(together/fully):contact;convince(vin:win)使信服tact(touch):contactlens隐形眼镜;intact未开化;clude(close关上):exclude排除,除去;include包括;exclusive独占的,排他的,仅仅的;preclude阻止,排除;sub(under在下面):subscrib
3、e同意/付款,捐助/订阅;subway地铁;submit提交;scribe(write写):subscribe签署文件,捐款;describe描述;ascribe把归于;prescribe开处方;1.Therewasonceatowninthiscountrywherealllifeseemedtoliveinwithitssurroundings.A、coincidenceB、harmonyC、uniformD、alliance2.Onweekendsmygrandmausually_aglassofwine.A、subscribestoB、engagesinC、hangsonD、indul
4、gesin3.Heisholdinga_positioninthecompanyandexpectstobepromotedsoon.A、subordinateB、succeedingC、successiveD、subsequent4.Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill_totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.A、confineB、conformC、confrontD、confirmcur(torun):excursion远足,游览;recur重现,再发生;precursor前驱,前辈;incursio
5、n入侵,侵犯;cide(cut):decide;pesticide;suicide自杀;nov(new):lenovo联想;novel新意的/小说;innovation革新,创新;inter(相互的):interchange;interview;review;preview;volv():revolve围绕;evolve演化;liter(letter):literal;verge(incline):diverge;convergeseque(tofollow):subsequent;consequence;后果duplicate;dual;dutwopel(drive赶):repel抗御,击退
6、,驱除;compel迫使,强迫;expel逐出去,开除;impel推进;propel驱动;verse(turn):reverse颠倒,反转;adverse不利的,有害的;inverse相反的,对立的;subvert颠覆,破坏;introvert内向的;extrovert外向的;anniversary周年;trans(across跨越):transmit(病)传播,传送,发送(信号);transaction交易,业务;transition过渡,转变;transfrom改革,改造;transfer调动,移动,转会;transient短暂的,瞬间的;1.Themayorwasaskedto_hiss
7、peechinordertoallowhisaudiencetoraisequestions.A、constrainB、conductC、condenseD、converge2.Theworkintheofficewas_byaconstantstreamofvisitors.A、confusedB、perplexedC、reversedD、hampered3.Undertheguidanceoftheirteacher,thepupilsarebuildingamodelboat_bysteam.AtowedBpressedCtossedDpropelled4.ThereismuchIenj
8、oyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe_fromfalltowinter.A、transmissionB、transformationC、transitionD、transferscend(move):ascend;descend;fect(do):defect缺陷;affect;infectpress(压):impress留有印象;express表达;depress沮丧;compress压缩,受压迫;ject(jet喷射):projector投影仪;eject弹射;inject注射;objection反对;fess(说):confes
9、s坦言,倾诉;professor教授;pose(put):compose合成;expose姿势;impose施加;dispose处理;dis(分散):dispose;dismiss;disappear;rupt(break):interrupt中断;abrupt突然的;erupt喷发;corrupt腐败;(cor:完全的)mit(send):emit;transmit;ob(against);e(out);de(down/out);re(again/back);pre(before);ex(out);in(in/into);1.Wemanagedtoreachthetopofthemounta
10、in,andhalfanhourlaterwebeganto_.A、ascendB、descendC、declineD、plunge2.Althoughthereareoccasionaloutbreaksofgunfire,wecanreportthattherebellionhasinthemainbeen_.A)canceledB)destroyedC)suppressedD)restrained3.Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally_.A、deterioratedB、dispersedC、dissipatedD、drained4
11、.Withthesatellitedown,wecant_overthemountainrange.A.transformB.transmitCtransferDtransplant5.Sadly,theGiantPandaisoneofthemanyspeciesnowindangerof_.A)extinctionB)migrationC)destructionD)extraction四.重要词汇。1.adhereto坚持(观点,信仰);粘住sticksth.byglue;遵守(法律,法规);conformto(遵守;适应适合),complywith(遵守);appropriately(适
12、当,恰当),2.glance(扫一眼,看一眼)/glimpse(扫一眼)/peer(由于近视,看不清而凝视)/gaze(由于感兴趣而盯着看)/scan(浏览,快读;细看,审视,扫描)/glare(瞪眼,怒目而视)/gape(瞪着看,由于吃惊或惊吓)/peep(偷窥);obscure(晦涩的,模糊的),reproduction,decline(国力)的衰落;(数字,指标,比率)下降,下跌;婉拒;,deprive(deprivesb.ofsth.),exclusive(高级的,独家的),shrink(缩水,比原来少)3.介词名词介词(词组意义在于名词):withtheexceptionof(除了)
13、/withthepurposeof(目的是)/withreferenceto(谈及,提及,关于)/withaviewto(为了,以为目的);hamper=hinder(妨碍,阻碍),propel(驱动),4.以trans为词根的词,总会放在一起考形近易混词,不会单个考。5,resort(依靠,依赖,求助于;to:resorttoarms/force使用武力)/grant(同意,给予;grantsth)/afford(买得起;affordto经受得住,承担得起)/entitle(法律方面)赋予权利资格;beentitledto/intodoingsth.;conspicuous(杰出的,明显的)
14、,gloomy(阴暗的,忧郁的;takeagloomyviewofsth.),authentic(真的,可靠的,真迹的),intermsof(从方面来说,根据,在某方面),contaminate(污染,毒害),trivial(不重要的;琐屑的),compliant=obedient(顺从的),vulnerable(脆弱的,易受攻击的),indignation(愤怒,愤慨)incase(万一),ataloss(不知所措的),scratch(抓;擦;乱写乱画),ascribe=attributeto(归因于),dilemma(困境;prisonerdilemma囚徒困境),profound(深奥的
15、,深远的;profoundeffect),foridable(难以对付的,可怕的),increasingly(逐渐地,与日俱增地),deteriorate(变质,恶化),fluctuate(价格等波动),coincide(时间,空间上巧合),6.advocate(提倡;鼓吹)/allege(声称;硬说)/address(演说;向致辞)/announce(宣布,宣告)7.模版题。有几个大词作为选项:spontaneously(自发地,无意识地),simultaneously(同时地,同步地),homogeneously(同性地;同类地),instantaneously(瞬间地;即刻地),cont
16、emporarily(同时代地,同代地),anonymous(匿名地),一般会在前三个选项中出题,D选项会掉换,但不作为答案。Translation 六级翻译六级翻译考试大纲根据教育部最新的六级考试大纲中公布的评分标准,“汉译英”部分共设5题,考试时间5分钟,分值占考试总分数的5%.要求译文全局结构正确、自然、通顺、流畅且符合英语表达习惯,恰当把握与处理句子的难点,达到翻译的要求,例如词组、被动语态、特殊句型、从句的翻译等。一个句子是否能够正确翻译,取决于这个句子中的一些关键词、词组、句型以及语法结构的正确理解与自然表达。具体细节如下:1.对译文的主要要求是“正确”和“表达清楚”,对英语译文的
17、其 他方面不做过高的要求。2.添加不必要的词语时,如不影响句义,不扣分;如影响,应扣分。3.如译文与原文的句义相反,及时局部译对,全句也不给分。4.一题二译时,只按第一个译文给分。汉译英基本步骤1)透彻理解全句,确定句型结构.2)弄清时态,语态的用法.3)弄清句型结构.主,谓,宾先确立,各部分的顺序.常考倒装,强调,虚拟,比较,主从句等.4)选择合适的词语来组句.5)灵活运用各种汉译英技巧.增词法,转换,拆句,合并,正译,反译,倒置,插入等.大纲样题大纲样题Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegive
18、ninbrackets.72.Itwasessentialthat_(我们在月底签订合同)。73.Toourdelight,she_(进大学一个月就适应了校园生活)。74.Thenewgovernmentwasaccused_(未实现其降低失业率的承诺)。75.Theworkmenthink_(遵守安全规则很重要)76.Thecustomercomplainedthatnosooner_(他刚试着使用这台机器,它就不运转了)KEYS:72.we sign the contract before the end of the month73.adapted(herself)to campus l
19、ife a month after entering college74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate75.it very important to comply with/follow the safety regulations76.had he tried using the machine than it stopped working2009年年12月六级翻译月六级翻译82.Howlongdoesajacketlikethislastme?(这要看你多长时间穿一次。)83.Theth
20、eoryheadvancedhasproved(对许多传统概念是一种挑战。)84.Themanager_(本可以亲自参加会议),buthewascalledawayforsomeurgentbusinessabroad.85.Bothresearchandpracticalexperiencehaveshownthata_(均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少的。)86.Much_(我感到遗憾),Iwasunabletofinishtheworkontime.Key:82.Thisdependsonhowoftenyouwearit.83.(tobe)achallengetomanytraditiona
21、lnotions/concepts.点睛:后面跟to的名词(way,key,access)84.shouldhavebeenabletoattendthemeetinginperson.点睛:虚拟语气,对过去的假设。85.abalanceddietisnecessarytogoodhealth.benecessarytosth.86.tomyregret2009年年6月月82.With the oil prices ever rising,she tried to talk-(说服他不买车)。83.-(保持幽默感有助于)reduce stress and promote creative th
22、inking in todays competitive society.84.When confronted with the evidence,-(他不得不坦白自己的罪行)85.When people say,“I can feel my ears burning,”it means they think-(一定有人在 说他们的坏话)86.She has decided to go on a diet,but finds-(很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑)2009年年6月月82.talk him out of buying a car 点睛:talk sb into doing persuade s
23、b not to do buy-purchase 83.Keeping a sense of humor helps(to)点睛:(1)动名词作主语(2)a sense of humor(3)help to /contributeto84.he had no choice but to confess the crime he had committed点睛(1)have no choice/option/alternative but to do/have to(2)confess his criminal behavior/confess the crime he had committe
24、d commit suicide/commitment承诺,许诺,义务85.there must be someone who is speaking ill of them点睛:(1)must be 一定(2)talk behind sbs back/speak ill of sb.86.it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream点睛:(1)go on a diet节食(2)it作形式主语(3)resist the temptation of 抵制诱惑解析:v.+it+adj./n.to do sth-it 为形式宾语,真正的宾语是to do
25、sth,adj./n作为宾语补足语.2008年年12月月82.Hedesignedthefirstsuspensionbridge,which-.(把完美与功能完美地结合起来)83.Itwasverydark,butMaryseemedto-(本能地知道该走哪条路)84.Idontthinkitadvisablethatparents-(剥夺孩子们的自由)tospendtheirsparetimeastheywish.85.Olderadultswhohaveahighlevelofdailyactivitieshavemoreenergyand-(与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低)86.You
26、rresumeshouldattractawould-bebosssattentionbydemonstrating-.(为什么你是某个职位的最佳人选)2008年年12月月binedbeautyandfunctionperfectly点睛:(1)combinewith sth/make a combination ofintegrate/link/unite83.knowwhichwaytotakebyinstinct点睛:(1)take a way(2)byinstinct/instinctly本能地84.deprivetheirchildrenoffreedom点睛(1)剥夺deprive
27、sb.ofsth.(2)that引导宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形解析(1)request,suggest,order,advise表示命令,建议,要求,请求,提议,重要性的动词,名词,形容词后面的that从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气:(should)+动词原形(2)考察虚拟语气的主语从句:itisnecessary(important,advisable,strange,unusual,wonderful)等后面的主语从句要用虚拟语气85.a lower death rate compared with those who dont.点睛:(1)空格部分需要和and之前的more
28、energy 平衡,所以用a lower death rate 这样一个名词结构(2)compared with/in comparison with(3)分词语86.why you are the best candidate for a certain position 点睛:(1)最佳人选the best candidate(2)某个特定职位a certain position(3)宾语从句用陈述句式2008年年6月月82.We can say a lot of things about those _ (毕生致力于诗歌的人):they are passionate,impulsive,
29、and unique.83.Mary couldnt have received my letter,_ (否则她上周就该回信了).84.Nancy is supposed to_(做完化学实验)at least two weeks ago.85.Never once _(老两口互相争吵)since they were married 40 years ago.86._(一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于)the quality of education of its people2008年年6月月82.Who dedicate/devote/contribute their life to
30、 poems点睛:(1)致力于dedicate/devote/contribute sth.to sth.(2)定语从句修饰those83.otherwise/or she would have replied to me last week点睛:(1)would have done早就该表推测(2)reply to sb./make a reply 84.have finished the chemical experiments点睛:(1)be supposed to do sth.应该,应当 (2)to have done 不定式的完成时态 (3)chemical experiments
31、 化学实验85.havetheoldcouplequarreledwitheachother点睛:(1)否定词never/no/little/hardly/seldom/not only/not until 置于句首时,主谓需要部分到装 (2)从句是since引导的过去式,主句需要采用现 在完成时态(3)quarrelwith争吵86.Toagreatextent,thefutureprosperityofacountrydependson/upon点睛(1)in some degree/on a large scale/to a great extent(2)prosperity(3)依赖d
32、ependonrelyon/counton/reckonon2007年年12月月82.Butformobilephones,_(我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便)。83.Inhandinganembarrassingsituation._(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了)。84.TheForeignMinistersaidhewasresigning._(但他拒绝了进一步解释这样做的原因)。85.Hunmenbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,_(而动物的行为主要依靠本能)。86.Thewitnesswastoldthatundernocircumstances
33、_(他都不应该对法庭说谎)。2007年年12月月82.our communication could not/would not have been so rapid and convenient点睛:(1)条件状语从句虚拟语气(2)convenient解析:能够表示虚拟条件的词和短语:but for,but that(要不是),without,otherwise(否则)83.nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 点睛:(1)nothing is more/-er than 没有-比-更(2)a sense of humor 2006年12
34、月四级:Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more attractive to me than reading 六级汉译英与四级核心词汇及考察重点相似84.but he refused to further explain the reasons点睛(1)refuse to(2)further explain/make further explanation注:refuse,care,decide,desire,expect,hope,manage,offer,pretend,promise,want,wish 等动词只能接不定式作
35、宾语,不可以接动名词作为宾语.85.while the animal behavior depends mainly on their instinct点睛:(1)while引导表示对比的句子(2)depend on while(1)表示对比(2)当时候,进行式86.should he lie to the court点睛:(1)到装结构(2)lie to sb.说谎注:类似需要使用到装结构的短语:undernocircumstances,bynomeans根本不,决不,innoway决不,innocase无论如何不2007年年6月月82.Theautomanufacturersfoundth
36、emselves_(正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额).83.Onlyinthesmalltown_(他才感到安全和放松).84.Itisabsolutelyunfairthatthesechildren_(被剥夺了受教育的权利).85.Ouryearsofhardworkareallinvain,_(更别提我们花费的大量金钱了).86.Theproblemsofblacksandwomen_(最近几十年受公众相当大的关注).2007年年6月月peting with foreign firms for market share点睛:(1)find oneself doing(宾补)发觉自己在做(2
37、)compete with sb.for sth.(3)market share市场份额83.does he feel secure and relaxed点睛:(1)Only在句首引导状语从句,句子的主句到装(2)secure and relaxed84.are deprived of the rights to receive education点睛:(1)be deprived of sth./be denied sth.(2)the rights to sth.(3)deprive sb.of sth.常用被动式85.not to mention/let alone the large
38、 amount of money we have spent点睛:(1)别说,别提not to mention/let alone/not to speak of(2)a large amount of money 86.have gained/caused considerable public concern in recent decades.点睛:(1)gain/cause concern/attention 受到关注 (2)public concern公众关注(3)in recent decades最近几十年(4)considerable/considerate2006年年12月月7
39、2.Ifyouhad_(听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦).73.Withtearsonherface,thelady_(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室).74.Aftertheterroristattack,tourists_(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游).75.Iprefertocommunicatewithmycustomers_(通过写电子邮件而不是打电话).76._(直到截止日他才寄出)hisapplicationform.2006年年12月月72.followedmyadvice,youwouldnothavebeenintroublenow/youwouldnothaveputyou
40、rselfintrouble.解析(1)虚拟语气(2)followonesadvice/suggestion六级最重要短语之一(3)introuble73.watchedherinjuredsonbeingsentintotheoperationroom.解析(1)watchsb.doing(2)besentinto(3)operationroom/operatingroom手术室If引导的虚拟语气。和现在事实相反,从句用if+过去时,主句用wouldbe/do;和过去事实相反,从句用if+过去完成时,主句用wouldhavedone;和将来事实相反,从句用ifwereto/过去时,主句用wo
41、uld+be/do。Ifitweretoraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharder.Ifyouhadbeenhereyesterday,youwouldhaveseenthemovie.74.wereadvisednottotraveltothatcountryforthemoment解析:(1)被动语态(2)advise sb.to do sth./be advised to do/not to do sth.(3)forthemoment暂时75.via/by/thoughE-mailinsteadoftelephone解析:insteadof而不是76.Notuntilthedeadlinedidhesendout/Itwasnotuntilthedeadlinethathesent解析:(1)强调句It is/was-that/who(2)not until 直到 才(3)Notuntil句首,句子到装
限制150内