Q2012年01月自学考试00015《英语(二)》历年真题及答案.doc

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1、第 10 页 共 10 页2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码0359）(答案在题后)本试卷分为两部分，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。第一部分为选择题，1页至8页，共8页。应考者必须在“答题卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在试卷上。第二部分为非选择题，9页至10页，共2页。应考者必须在“答题纸”上答题。PART ONE（50 POINTS）1 Vocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point each）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1All theories_from practice an

2、d in turn serve practiceAdiffer BrangeCrecover Doriginate2There is little_increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are readingAaim BuseCvalueDmeaning3what you say now is not_with what you said yesterday Ainsistent BprevalentCconsistent Dpermanent4Putting prisoners in chains do

3、esnt solve the_0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within societyAcauses BvictimsCpurposesDincreases5Binary stars，as their name suggests，are twin stars whose position in space_ each otherAaffects Bexpects Cperfects Dinspects 6All evidence relevant_the case should be gathered and analyzedAwith B

4、toCfromDfor7Come what_well go ahead with our planAcan Bneed Cmay Dmust 8We should_primary importance to the development of economyAattach BconvertCattribute Dcontribute9Examiners who are_to favorites are criticized by many peopleAindifferent Bsimilar Cequivalent Dpartial10Look for small ways to add

5、activity to your day, like taking the stairs_the elevator or going on a short walkAin spite of Binstead ofC in terms of Din view ofIICloze Test（10 points，1 point each） 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 。 People produce food in many waysAgriculture，or farming，developed j thousands of

6、 years ago. _11_about 100 years ago, most farmers in the United States Produced only enough food for their own_12_Today,modern equipment and farming methods have greatly _13_the American farmers productivity.In various parts of the world,people_14_many animals that supply meat and milk. Cattle, hors

7、es, goats, sheep, and pigs are important food animals. In the United States, the cow is the major source of milk products. Chickens_15_ people with both meat and eggs.Fishing is an important source of food , _16_in areas near the sea. Some countries, like Japan, consume much more fish than meat.The

8、wealthy areas of the world consume the most food , _17_include the United States, Canada, and Europe. Many countries are able to import food if it cannot be produced at home. _18_Great Britain imports about 75percent of its meat，and grows less than half the food its people require._19_people of the

9、poor countries of the world usually eat only what they are able to produce themselves. In some parts of Asia, people live _20_rice alone.11AIn BUntil CFrom Dfor12Aneeds Breasons Cefforts Dinterests 13Aprotected Bsupported Cincreased Dreflected14Agrow Braise Ctrain Dstore15Aprepare Btreat Cserve Dpro

10、vide16Acertainly Bactually Coccasionally Despecially17Athese Bwhere Cwhich Dthey18AIn addition BFor example CAbove all DAfter all19AHowever BTherefore CMoreover Dinstead20Awith Bfor Con DthroughIIIReading Comprehension（30 points，2 points each） 从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage OneQ

11、uestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Lately it has become fashionable in America to question whether it is really worth it to go to college. According to a new survey released by the Pew Research Center, only 40 percent of Americans felt that colleges provided a good value for the co

12、st. At the same time,86 percent of college graduates still felt the investment was a good one for them.There are a number of reasons for the widespread dissatisfaction with college. First, there are plenty of problems with higher educationpoor quality and out-of-control costs are two of the biggest，

13、Second， it is true that college is not for everyoneThere are plenty of rewarding and important careers that do not require collegeAnd due to the slow economy，there may in fact be more graduates than the current job market needsBesides，anti-college sentiment is nothing new Today，Microsofts Bill Gates

14、 or Apples Steve Jobsboth college dropouts-is often held up as evidence of why all that time sitting in class is better spent elsewhere However，getting a college education is still a good ideaCollege graduates earn more，and are more likely to have a job in the first placeAccording to the statistics

15、last year，the average weekly earnings for someone with some college but no degree were$712，compared to$1，038 for a college graduateThat is almost$17，000 over the course of a year and there is an even bigger divide for those with less educationMeanwhile，the unemployment rate was 9.2 percent for those

16、 with only some college and more than 10 percent for those with just a middle school degree，but it was 5.4 percent for college graduatesThe economic gaps between college completers and those with less education are getting larger Although most Americans surveyed by Pew feel doubtful about the value

17、of a college degree，an overwhelming majority of parents Pew surveyed still expect their children to go to college“It call be inferred that the increased doubt has not significantly influenced decision making，Pews Taylor says“Despite the concern about rising costs and other problems，college remains a

18、 universal desire in this country”21Recently many Americans question_Athe value of a college degreeBthe ability of college graduates Cthe quality of college education Dthe high cost of higher education22The passage tells US that Bill Gates was_Aa self-taught college student Ba hardworking undergradu

19、ate Ca successful college dropout Da successful college graduate23The writer seems to agree that_Athere is no need to go to collegeBanticollege sentiment is a new thingCcollege cannot guarantee employmentDcollege education remains a wise choice24The unemployment rate for college graduates last Year

20、was_A5.4 B7.1 C9.2D1025The Pew survey implies that_Athe cost of college education will decreaseBmost Americans still favor college education Cthe quality of college education will improve Dincreased doubt affects parentsdecision makingPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passageA

21、 major sociological（社会学的）theory known as symbolic interactionism（符号互动论）offers some important clarification of how men and women are taught to fill different roles in societyThe key concept in symbolic interactionism is that communication makes a big difference in behavior：people act on the basis of

22、messages they receive from others，and how they understand those messages. This can be seen in a concept developed by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley known as the looking-glass selfBy the looking-glass self，Cooley meant the self-image that each of us develops according to the messages we receive fr

23、om others；we think and behave according to our understanding of those messagesIf, for example，a young girl is repeatedly told that she is pretty, she will come to believe that（1）she is in fact pretty，and（2）being pretty is an important thing in her lifeSimilarly，if she is told that she is not good（or

24、 not expected to be good）at certain things（such as math） she will come to believe that she is not good at such things and would better off working at things she can be successful atThe likely product is a young woman who devotes a great deal of attention to her appearance，regards being pretty as a k

25、ey to success in life，and who is intimidated by anything involving numbersSince we know that young girls are given messages like these，and that young boys are given different messages，we can see a good part of how sex roles are taughtThere is little or no evidence of differences in what young girls

26、and young girls and boys can do，but the older children become，the greater the differences in the areas in which boys and girls are likely to stand out.26Symbolic interactionism helps to explain_Ahow to make a difference in peoples social behaviorBhow to make people understand different social roles

27、Chow men and women learn to communicate in societyDhow men and women learn to take different social roles 27The“looking-glass selfconcept offers a clue as to_Awhether one can improve ones self-image Bwhether one is likely to succeed in an area Chow one receives different social messages Dhow social

28、messages shape ones self-image28The example of the young girl shows that_Awomen care more about appearanceBwomen are inferior to men in numbers Cpeople are liable to social expectations Dpeople regard looks as a key to Success 29The phrase “better off（para.2）probably means-Amore comfortable Bmore de

29、pendable Cmore respectable Dmore reasonable30Boys and girls are likely to stand out in different areas_Aas they advance in ageBas they grow in wisdomCas their interests diversify Das their capacities developPassage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage Since the beginning of th

30、e Internet era，it has been widely accepted that when you join an online company，whatever data you put into it belongs to you That means you can sign up for one kind of email，import your contacts into that system，and if you later decide to switch to some other email service，you can export all your co

31、ntacts from the first service into the new oneYou can use Microsofts Hotmail，then move to Yahoo Mail，then to Googles GmailOr you can have accounts on three services and keep all your contacts in each one That the way things were until Facebook appeared. Facebook took a different approach Until recen

32、tly, everything you put into Facebook could not be exported anywhere. In effect, you didnt own your data. Facebook did.Of course this is rubbishThe reality is that Facebook wants to make it difficult，if not impossible，for you to leave Now that policy has sparked a fight between Google and FacebookGo

33、ogle is angry because its users can，and often do，export their Gmail contact information into FacebookBut those people cant bring Facebook information back into Gmail Earlier this month Google declared it would block exports of its data to FacebookIn a shameless move，Facebook broke through Googles ro

34、adblock so its users could keep pulling data from Google Google said it was “disappointed with Facebooks behaviorIt also created a warning screen to tell Gmail users that if they export their information to Facebook they wont get it back Basically，Facebooks position with major IT companies is this：i

35、f you want access to all the information weve collected，strike a deal with usMicrosoft and Yahoo have done that，and now，like magic，they can export Facebook contact information into their systems，while Google still cant Remember the early days of the Net，when everything was going to be open and flee?

36、 That was great until people realized that their user data could be turned into goldNow there are billions involved，and nobody is playing nice anymore31Before Facebook appeared，people_Ahad a limited number of accounts Benjoyed a completely free service Chad limited access to their contactsDenjoyed f

37、ull ownership of their data 32It seems that Facebooks approach makes the writer rather_Aannoyed BassuredCpuzzled Dpleased33Google is angry with Facebook due to the latters refusal to_Alet its users use Gmail Boffer technical supportCshare user informationDprotect user information34The passage indica

38、tes that Microsoft and Yahoo have_Aagreed to side with GoogleBaccepted Facebooks termsCtaken their own approachesDstruck a deal with each other35According to the writer, the current state of the Net is_Amisleading Bfrustrating Cpromising Dsatisfying2012年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码0359）PART TWO （5

39、0 POINTS）IVWord Spelling（10 points，1 point for two words） 将下列汉语单词译成英语。每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完 整的单词写在答题纸上。36性格，品质 n. c_37容忍，容许vt. t_38几乎不 ad. h_39四月 n. A_40干旱，旱灾 n, d_41可靠的a. r_42碰撞vi. c_43仪器；乐器n. i_44适度的 a. m_45浅的 a. s_46打哈欠 vi. y_47放射 n. r_48直接地 ad. s_49流利的 a. f_50排除，排斥 vt. e_51百 num. h_52急迫的 a. u

40、_53坦白地 ad. f_54清白的 a. i_55加强，巩固 vt. s_VWord Form （10 points，1 point each） 将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56Could you give me a quick_（explain）for how it works?57Thomas Jefferson was a leading_ （create）of the U.S. Constitution58Scholars offer three related but different opinions about different opinions

41、 about the_ （mystery）origin and significance of these paintings59She sat by the fire and felt the_ （warm）spread through her body60The project is only_ （theory）workable61Boys are very much in the_ （minor）at the dance class62We took a contrary view, but we have to implement and（force the law passed by

42、 Congress63In addition to intelligence，we should develop_ （persist）in children64He is_ （habit）late for school；he is never on time65It would be completely_ （responsible）to use drugs on people that had not been tested on animalsVITranslation from Chinese into English （15 points，3 points each） 将下列各句译成英

43、语并将答案写在答题纸上。66今年热得很不寻常。67你一旦开始，就必须继续下去。68你需要更多的练习，这是很明显的。69要不是她的妈妈，她是读不完大学的。70最近的研究表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。VIITranslation from English into Chinese（15 points） 将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 Time is dangerousIf you dont control it，it will control youIf you dont make it work for you，it will work against youYou must be

44、come the master of time，not the servant Study hard and play hard is an old proverb，but it still makes senseYou have plenty of time for classes，study and play if you use your time properlyIt is not how much time you allocate for study that counts but how much you learn when you do studyThe more time you waste，the easier it is to continue wasting timeSoon, doing nothing becomes a habit you cant breakIt becomes a drugWhen this happens，you lose your feeling of accomplishment