女性精神病患者服用抗精神病药物致高泌乳素血症的临床诊治--.docx
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1、女性精神病患者服用抗精神病药物致高泌乳素血症的临床诊治 中图分类号R971.4;文献标识码A;文章编号1674-4721(2019)2(a)-0015-06 AbstractObjectiveToexplorediagnosisandtreatmentofantipsychoticsinducedbyhyperprolactinemiainfemalepsychoticpatients.Methods;Retrospectiveanalysisofthedataof280casesofhyperprolactinemiainducedbyantipsychoticsinfemalepsycho
2、ticpatientswhovisitedthegynecologyclinicorhospitalizedinourhospitalduringtheperiodfromJunein2013toJunein2018,theiragewerefrom18to45yearsold,andtheirsexhormonesincludingprolactin(PRL),follicularstimulatinghormone(FSH),luteinizinghormone(LH),estradiol(E2),progestin(P)andtestosterone(T)aswellasthyroidh
3、ormonessuchasthyroid-stimulatinghormone(TSH),freetriiodothyronine(FT3)andfreethyroxine(FT4)werealsomeasuredinthispaper.Moreover;B-ultrasonographyofuterus,accessoriesandendometrialthicknessofthesepatientswereconductedduringthisperiod.Itwasshownfromthedatacollectedthatultrasonicinspectionofuterusandac
4、cessories,levelofthyroidhormones(thyroidstimulatinghormoneTSH,freetriiodothyroidacidFT3,freethyroxineFT4)werenormalandsexhormones(follicle-stimulatinghormoneFSH,luteinizinghormoneLH,estradiolE2,progesteroneP,testosteroneT)werealsonormal.Thesepatientswerediagnosedtobehyperprolactinemia(HPRL)whenthele
5、velofPRLamongthemwas30ng/L.AccordingtothedifferentlevelofPRL,280casesoffemalepsychoticpatientswerethendividedintothreegroups:Group(30ng/mlPRL100ng/ml),130cases;Group(100ng/mlPRL200ng/ml),120cases;Group(PRL200ng/ml),30cases.Thetotalincidenceofmenstruation,abnormaluterinebleeding(AUB),lactationandfoll
6、ow-uptreatmentinthethreegroupswereobserved.Inaddition,30patientswerescreenedfrom280femalementalpatientsofHPRLinthisstudy.Thepatientshospitalizationtimewasmorethan1year,PRL30ng/Lbeforeweregivenprolactin-associatedantipsychoticdrugs,thyroidfunctionwasnormal,andPRL100ng/Lafterinpatientweregivenprolacti
7、n-associatedantipsychoticdrugs.PatientsweredefinedasPRL30ng/LbeforemedicationgroupandPRL100ng/Laftermedicationgroup.Thyroidfunctionindexes(TSH,FT3,FT4)ofpatientsinPRL30ng/LbeforemedicationgroupandPRL100ng/Laftermedicationgroupwerecompared.ThecorrelationbetweenPRLandthyroidfunctionindexesin30patients
8、ofhospitalizationtimewasmorethan1year,PRL30ng/Lbeforemedication,andPRL100ng/Laftermedicationwereanalyzed.ResultsAmong130patientsingroup,82casesofpatients(82/130,63.1%)withnormalmenstruation,48casesofpatients(48/130,36.9%)withchronicAUB,30casesofpatients(30/130,23.1%)withgalactorrhea.Among120patients
9、ingroup,5casesofpatients(5/120,4.2%)withnormalmenstruation,100casesofpatients(100/120,83.3%)withchronicAUB,15casesofpatients(15/120,12.5%)withacuteAUB,80casesofpatients(80/120,66.7%)withgalactorrhea.Among30patientsingroup,27casesofpatients(27/30,90.0%)withchronicAUB,3casesofpatients(3/30,10.0%)witha
10、cuteAUB,28casesofpatients(28/30,93.3%)withgalactorrhea.ThetotalincidenceofAUBingroup(115/120,95.8%)andgroup(30/30,100%)werehigherthanthatinthegroup(48/130,36.9%),thedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P0.01).Theincidenceofgalactorrheingroup(80/120,66.7%)andgroup(28/30,93.3%)werehigherthanthatint
11、hegroup(30/130,23.1%),thedifferenceswerestatisticallysignificant(P0.01).ThelevelofTSHinPRL100ng/LaftermedicationgroupwashigherthaninthePRL30ng/Lbeforemedicationgroup(P0.01).ThelevelofFT4inPRL100ng/LaftermedicationgroupwaslowerthaninthePRL30ng/Lbeforemedicationgroup(P0.05).Therewasnosignificantdiffer
12、enceexistedinthelevelofFT3betweenPRL30ng/LbeforemedicationgroupandPRL100ng/Laftermedicationgroup(P0.05).ThecorrelationbetweenPRLandthyroidfunctionindexesin30patientsofhospitalizationtimewasmorethan1year,PRL30ng/Lbeforemedication,andPRL100ng/Laftermedicationwereanalyzed.ThePRLwaspositivelycorrelatedw
13、ithTSHin30patientsofhospitalizationtimewasmorethan1year,PRL30ng/Lbeforemedication,andPRL100ng/L(r=0.750,P0.01),itwasfoundthattherewasanegativecorrelationbetweenPRLandFT4(r=-0.549,P0.01),andnocorrelationwasderivedbetweenPRLandFT3(r=0.276,P0.05).TheAUBwasobservedtooccurin193casesofHPRLinfemalepsychoti
14、cpatients,amongthemincluding175casesofpatients(175/193,90.7%)withchronicAUBand18casesofpatients(18/193,9.3%)withacuteAUB.Itwassuggestedthat160casesofpatients(160/193,82.9%)neededtobewiththeregularfollow-up,31casesofpatients(31/193,16.1%)weretreatedwithmedicinaltherapyofhemostatics,estrogen,andproges
15、togen,and2casesofpatients(2/193,1.0%)withsurgicalcurettage.ConclusionThenumberoffemalepatientswithtotalAUBissurveyedwiththeincreaseoflevelofPRLduringtheperiodoftheirtakingofantipsychoticmedications.MostoffemalepsychoticpatientswithchronicAUBsuchasoligomenorrheaorinfrequentmenstruationareadvisedtobew
16、iththeregularfollow-up,andpatientswithacuteAUBarerecommendedtobetreatedwithmedicinaltherapyofhemostaticsprogestogen,sequentialtherapyofestrogen-progestogenorsurgicalcurettage.ReductionofdosageordiscontinuationofantipsychoticmedicationsinHPRLpatientsresultindecreasingorreturningtonormalthelevelofPRL.
17、ThelevelofPRLandTSHisshowntofluctuatereadilyinpatientswithHPRLandthelevelofthyroidhormonesisnotaffectedinashorttermbyHPRLwhichplayaneffectontheincreaseofthelevelofTSHbutthedecreaseofFT4inalongperiodoftime(PRL100ng/L).KeywordsAntipsychotics;Hyperprolactinemia;Abnormaluterusbleeding;Treatment;Femaleps
18、ychoticpatients女性精神病患者在服用抗精神病藥物期间出现药物不良反应是精神科上的常见问题,已有研究表明1-9,服用抗精神病药物的相关不良反应包括泌乳素(PRL)升高、甲状腺功能改变、脂代谢异常、糖代谢异常、体重增加等,其中高泌乳素血症是上常见问题,有研究报道,有25%89%的女性精神病患者,出现不同程度的PRL水平升高,这可能与使用抗精神病药物类型相关,已有研究表明,氨磺必利、利培酮等可以升高PRL水平10。抗精神病药物致高泌乳素血症,临床表现个体差异较大,有的患者无明显临床症状,最常见的临床表现是女性精神病患者月经异常改变,临床表现主要为月经稀发、月经量减少、闭经等。在临床中发
19、现,抗精神病药物致高泌乳素血症女性精神病患者,除高泌乳素血症导致月经异常改变外,往往合并多因素病因(甲状腺功能异常、子宫及附件器质性病变等)影响女性精神病患者的月经。本研究中回顾性分析在我院住院或妇科门诊就诊的280例女性精神病患者服用抗精神病药物期间出现高泌乳素血症患者的临床资料,旨在探讨服用抗精神病药物期间女性精神病患者出现高泌乳素血症的临床诊治,这也是精神科及妇科临床医生共同关心的问题,现报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料回顾性分析2013年6月2018年6月在我院住院或妇科门诊就诊的280例女性精神病患者服用抗精神病药物期间出现高泌乳素血症患者的临床资料,进行B超检测子宫及附件检查提
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