PPP污水处理工程项目全生命周期跟踪审计探析,硕士论文.docx
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1、PPP污水处理工程项目全生命周期跟踪审计探析,硕士论文PPP形式自2020年以来迅速炽热,成为部门在基建和公共服务领域角色转换的重要推手,在拉动投资和调动民间资本方面发挥了重要作用。经过2021年以来一系列文件的严监管,PPP形式的泛化滥用现象得到了有效的控制,PPP形式从高速度向高质量发展的转变已是步履坚定。在专项债大展身手,为地方融资开前门的背景下,剥离了大部分融资属性的PPP形式也将迎来新生。 而随着我们国家PPP形式在旅游、医疗卫生、公路桥梁、污水治理、环境工程、能源建设等20多个领域内的广泛运用,PPP项目的运营形式也越来越趋于成熟。截止到2022年12月全国PPP的总投资额已经累计
2、到达了16.4万亿元,PPP项目形式的快速发展极大地促进了我们的基础设施和公共服务的建设,并且激活了社会资本,节约了投资,减轻了纳税人的负担。但该形式的发展也暴露出很多PPP物有所值论证缺乏、财政能力不匹配、公私风险分配不均以及社会资本项目运营能力缺乏等问题。PPP项目形式作为一种创新的项目管理新形式,现如今备受社会各界的关注也逐步被审计所重视。从PPP项目的立项、特许权设立、契约书立履行、采购、资金收付、资本运营以及相关经济责任等,应成为当代审计的新目的和新重点任务。据中国裁判文书网报道的数据显示我们国家违法违规PPP项目案例高达4000多例,并且呈逐年递增的趋势。充分表示清楚了我们国家PP
3、P市场亟待加强完善审计工作的独立监督,发挥审计工作的 免疫系统 功能,为PPP项目的质量和运营绩效提供保障。而传统审计形式往往只侧重于事后财务审计,缺乏对PPP项目工程的事中控制和事前预防审计,不能有效的监督PPP项目建设中的决策、投标、施工、运营维护等阶段,致使PPP项目最终的理想投资期望很难实现。 因而论文基于PPP项目全生命周期的角度,以物有所值理论、不完全契约理论、委托代理理论、新公共管理理论为基础,通过文献分析和案例研究的方式方法,对PPP项目全生命周期跟踪审计的内容和形式进行了研究。通过对PPP项目W污水处理项目全生命周期审计内容和关键风险因素的深切进入研究,分析W项目全生命周期审
4、计的主要风险点,构建了PPP项目全生命周期审计的理论框架,从风险导向审计的角度出发,分析了各阶段审计的时间点和关键内容,优化了W项目全生命周期的审计途径。在归纳和分析经过中发现,由于PPP项目投资额宏大、项目周期长等原因,需要对其进行审计,并提出完善PPP项目的相关法律法规、加强审计信息化建设、优化审计监管体系、提升PPP项目审计人员的专业素质等建议,以期为理论界进一步开展PPP审计理论与实务研究提供启发和参考。 本文关键词语:PPP 项目全生命周期;跟踪审计;审计 免疫系统 ABSTRACT Since 2020, PPP model has become a hot one, which
5、has become an important driverfor the role transformation of government departments in the field of infrastructure andpublic services, and has played an important role in stimulating investment and mobilizingprivate capital. After the strict supervision of a series of government documents since 2021
6、,the extensive abuse of PPP model has been effectively controlled, and the transformationof PPP model from high-speed to high-quality development has been firm. In the contextof special bonds and opening the front door for local financing, PPP mode, which hasstripped most of its financing attributes
7、, will also usher in a new life. With the wide application of PPP mode in more than 20 fields, such as tourism, healthcare, highway and bridge, sewage treatment, environmental engineering, energyconstruction, etc., the operation mode of PPP project is becoming more and more mature. By December 2022,
8、 the total investment of PPP in China has reached 16.4 trillion yuan. The rapid development of PPP project mode has greatly promoted the construction of ourinfrastructure and public services, activated social capital, saved government investmentand reduced the burden of taxpayers. However, the devel
9、opment of this model alsoexposes many problems, such as lack of value for money demonstration of PPP,mismatching of financial capacity, uneven distribution of public and private risks, andinsufficient operation capacity of social capital projects. As a new innovative projectmanagement mode, PPP proj
10、ect mode has attracted more and more attention from all walksof life. From the establishment of PPP projects, the establishment of concessions, theperformance of contracts, government procurement, fund collection and payment, capitaloperation and related economic responsibilities, etc., it should be
11、come a new goal and newkey task of modern audit. According to the data reported by China judicial documentnetwork, there are more than 4000 cases of illegal PPP projects in China, which areincreasing year by year. It fully shows that the PPP market in China needs to strengthen the independent superv
12、ision of audit work, play the immune system function of audit work,and provide guarantee for the quality and operation performance of PPP projects. However,the traditional audit mode, which focuses on afterwards financial audit, will lack the auditfunction of in-process control and prevention of PPP
13、 project, and can not effectivelysupervise the bidding, decision-making, construction, operation and maintenance stages inPPP project construction, which makes it difficult for PPP project operation to achieve itsultimate ideal investment expectation. Therefore, based on the whole life cycle of PPP
14、project, based on the theory of valuefor money, the theory of incomplete contract, the theory of principal-agent and the theoryof new public management, this paper studies the content and mode of the whole life cycletracking audit of PPP project through literature analysis and case study. Based on t
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