金叶植物在盐碱土种植和栽培观察,植物学论文.docx
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1、金叶植物在盐碱土种植和栽培观察,植物学论文内容摘要:以武清区种植的金叶榆、金枝槐、金叶白蜡林地为样地, 对其土壤盐渍化程度、树高、茎粗、冠幅、年轮等进行了分析, 比拟了3种金叶树的生长差异, 以便为金叶植物的合理栽培运用提供根据。结果显示:样地中金叶榆近5年的株高生长量比金叶槐高73.4%, 比金叶白蜡高82.2%;金叶榆近5年的茎粗生长量比金叶槐高48.0%, 比金叶白蜡高68.7%;金叶榆的冠幅比金叶槐高18.2%, 比金叶白蜡高107.1%.从植株近5年的年轮生长量分析, 金叶榆和金枝槐年轮生长量呈增长趋势, 华而不实金叶榆增长得更多;金叶白蜡生长量最小。因而, 在天津市武清区样地的轻度
2、盐碱土上, 3种金叶植物的生长量有明显区别, 从株高、茎粗、冠幅3个方面看, 金叶榆生长量最高, 金叶槐次之, 金叶白蜡最低。 本文关键词语:盐碱土; 金叶榆; 金叶槐; 金叶白蜡; 生长量; Abstract: The difference in growth of three varieties of gold leaf Plants growing in saline-alkali soil in Wuqing District of Tianjin were compared to provide a basis for the plants rational cultivation
3、and application. The soil plots with Ulmus pumila cv. Jinye, Sophora japonica cv. Golden Stem and Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. grown in Wuqing District were selected as sample plots, and the soil pH, soil salinity, tree height, stem diameter, crown and rings were analyzed. The results show that the tree
4、 height of Ulmus pumila cv. Jinye.in the last five years was 73.4% higher than that of Sophora japonica cv. Golden Stem, and 82.2% higher than that of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.; The stem diameter of Ulmuspumila cv. Jinye in the last five years was 48.0% higher than that of Sophora japonica cv. Golden
5、 Stem. and 68.7% higher than that of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.; the crown diameter of Ulmus pumila cv. Jinye, in the last five years was 18.2% higher than that of Sophora japonica cv. Golden Stem, and 107.1% higher than that of Fraxinus chinensis Roxb.; The annual ring of Ulmuspumila cv. Jinye and So
6、phora japonica cv. Golden Stem grew more and more quickly in last five years in Wuqing District plant, and the annual ring of Ulmus pumila cv. Jinye increased more.The growth of the annual ring of the Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. was the least. On the mild saline-alkali soil land in Wuqing District ther
7、e are obvious differences in growth between three kinds of golden leave tree. In growth of tree height, stem diameter and crown diameter Ulmus pumila cv. Jinye comes first, and then Sophora japonica cv. Golden Stem, the Fraxinus chinensis Roxb. is the last. Keyword: saline-alkali soil; Ulmus pumila
8、cv. Jinye; Sophora japonica cv. Golden Stem; Fraxinus chinensis Roxb; growth; 在城市不断发展的今天, 人们对城市园林植物绿化的要求提高了很多, 传统的绿色植物比拟单一, 已经不合适当今人们的需要。彩叶树以其本身的独特优势, 成为当前城市园林绿化和美化的时代宠儿1.在天津市园林景观设计中, 金叶植物成为了不可或缺的树种2, 华而不实包括金叶榆、金叶槐和金叶白蜡。金叶榆是榆科榆属落叶乔木, 叶片金黄色, 色彩亮丽, 有自然光泽, 属于白榆的变种之一。金叶槐为国槐的变种, 落叶乔木, 叶片金黄色, 在整个生长季叶色均为金黄
9、色, 具有很高的观赏价值, 落叶后枝条呈半黄半绿状, 向阳面为黄色, 背阴面为绿色。金叶白蜡又叫金冠白蜡, 为木犀科白蜡属植物, 落叶乔木, 枝叶金黄色且稠密, 树形优美, 常被用作园林绿化使用3.当前, 金叶榆、金叶槐和金叶白蜡已在天津市园林景观设计中大面积使用3,4. 根据我们国家第二次土壤普查数据显示, 我们国家盐渍土总面积约3 600 hm2, 占全国可利用土地面积的4.88%5.天津市盐碱土的面积约为7 800 km2, 占天津市土地总面积的39.3%6.土壤的盐渍化会对金叶植物生长产生极大的影响, 表现为叶片焦枯、变褐、叶色昏暗等异常感觉和状态7, 降低了金叶植物的观赏价值。据李建
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