动词时态复习-英语语法教学课件.ppt

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1、英文的动词时态，就是讨论句子谓语动作或状态，发生或存在的时间，以及进行的状态。这一语言现象在中文里很不明显。虽说中文的谓语也表达上述的两层意思，但它自身却没有任何变化形式。试看下列几组中、英文对照的句子，特别注意各组句子中谓语动词的不同情况：中文英文他现在不会在家的。Hecantbehomenow.你是位老师吗？Areyouateacher?她喜欢看小说。Shelikesreadingnovels.我要动身去美国。IamleavingfortheUSA.1）英文的谓语动词在表达其发生或存在的时间，以及进行的状态时，有不同的变化形式。2）谓语动词表达时间的变化形式与表达动作状态的变化形式往往是并

2、存的。一般现在时 do/does 一般过去时 did 一般将来时 shall/will+do 过去将来时 would/should+do 现在进行时 am/is/are+doing 过去进行时 was/were+doing 现在完成时 have/has+done 过去完成时 had+done1)一些与travel（旅行）有关的动词和其它少量动词，可用于一般现在时，表示按规定计划安排要发生的动作。这样的动词常见的有：arrive,be,begin,come,close,end,go,leave,open,return,sail,start,stop等。例如：Thetrainleavesat10:

3、05a.m.这列火车上午十点另五分开。TheplanefromHainanarrivesat6p.m.从海南来的飞机下午六点到。2)根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。(if,unless,before,as soon as,when,once)例如：Illtellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。Attentions:一般现在时练习：1.Whenever I went home,I(bring)some gifts to my kids.2.January 1s

4、t,1997 is the historic date when Britain(join)the Common Market.3.3.In two months time,he(finish)his training and start work.broughtjoinedwill finishn4.Thirty percent of Janes income(spend)on clothing every year.n5.Most of people who are visiting Britain about the weather.nA.are always complain nB.h

5、ave always complainednC.always complain nD.will always complainis spentC1.表示动作已经完成，强调过去表示动作已经完成，强调过去 发生的某一发生的某一动动作作对现在造成的影响和结果对现在造成的影响和结果。一般过去时。一般过去时仅仅说明仅仅说明动作在过去动作在过去，不强调对现在的影响。，不强调对现在的影响。常与一些时间状语连用：如：常与一些时间状语连用：如：already;yet;by this time;just;ever;never;now;before;lately 等。等。现在完成时考点n现在完成时与时间状语up t

6、o now,so far,up till now等连用。n例如：nSo far we have finished 9 passages.例三：-Doyouknowourtownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeI_here.A.wasB.havebeenB.C.cameD.havegoneB例四：She_Robertforayear.A.marriedB.marriedwithC.hasbeenmarryingD.hasbeenmarriedtoDMarry是瞬间性动作，不能和for+时间段的状语连用。要表示状态的用hasbeenmarriedtosb.“和某人结婚”是m

7、arrytosb.过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词过去完成时 表示“过去的过去”，业已发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：When we arrived at the station,the train had left.考点：1.过去完成时与by+表示过去的时间状语连用。2.例如：By the end of last month,they had completed all their work.2.On his way home he suddenly remembered he(not lock)the door of the office.3.We began the test yeste

8、rday,but we(make)preparations long before.4.They finished the task assigned by their teacher earlier than they (expect).hadnt lockedhad madehad expected将来完成时：will have+动词过去分词将来完成时表示将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。例如：Ill have finished my work by this time tomorrow.Before long he will have forgotten all about it.考点：将

9、来完成时与by+将来的时间连用。Mary will have taken 58 credits by the time she graduates.练习：1.I hope they this road by the time we come back next year.2.A.have repaired B.will repair3.C.are to repair D.will have repaired4.2.Three new buildings on the campus by the end of this year.5.A.will be built B.are going to

10、be built6.C.will have been built D.have been built.DC进行时：1.现在进行时：am/is/are+doing2.Why are you speaking so fast?3.2.过去进行时：was/were+doing4.We were watching TV when they arrived.5.3.将来进行时：will/shall+be+doing6.This time next week,I shall be having dinner with my family.1.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。这一特定的时间可用时间

11、状语连用。如：at that time;at 8 oclock;when也可用上下暗示可用上下暗示。例六：Shirley_abookaboutChinalastyear,butIdontknowwhethershehasfinishedit.A.haswrittenB.wroteC.hadwrittenD.waswritingD例七：-Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!-Oh,Imterriblysorry,_.A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingB.C.IhaventnoticedD.IdontnoticeB2.过去进行时过去进行时常用于由when、

12、while、as引导的时间状语从句中，表示背景，引出由一般过去时一般过去时表示的新动作。或：过去进行时（表示背景）过去进行时（表示背景）+when+when+一一般过去时（新发生的动作）般过去时（新发生的动作）。此时when相当于atthattime;justthen.练习：1.This time next week Ill be on vacation.Probably I on a beautiful beach.A.Am lying B.will be lying B.C.have lain D.will have lainC.2.A young man stood nearby whi

13、le I(read)the newspaper.3.He(cross)the street when he was hit by the car.4.Look,the cat(run)after the mouse.5.I(write)a book at the moment.was crossingis runningis writingIfit_tomorrow,thesportsmeetwillnotbeheld.A.rainsB.willrainC.goestorainD.shallrainA 总结性练习1.When I was at college I _three foreign

14、languages,but I _ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten2.-Has Tom finished his composition yet?-I have no idea;he _ it this morning.A.wrote B.had written C.has written D.was writingBD3.-I havent heard from H

15、enry for a long time.-What do you suppose _ to him?A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.had happenedC4.Jack _ a postman for about six years.A.has become B.has turned C.has changed D.has been D5.Would you please give him the massage the moment he _?A.Arrives B.arrived C.is arriving D.will arr

16、ive.A练习n1.This is one of the largest bridges that on this river.nA.is ever built B.has ever been builtnC.was ever built D.has ever builtn2.Since the introduction of the new technique,the production cost greatly.nA.reduces B.is reduced nC.is reducing D.has been reducedBDn3.The Chinese people are doin

17、g things no one(do)so far.n4.Up till now I(spend)a great deal of money on books.n5.In these five years,the foundation(基金会）(collect)a large amount of money.nThere(be)several such occurrences in the past few weeks.has donehave spenthas collectedhave been3.The painter say they(finish)the downstairs room by Wednesday.4.It is raining hard,but by the time the class is over,the rain(stop).5.By the end of the month,we surely(find)a satisfactory solution to the problem.will have finishedwill have stoppedwill have found