高中英语知识点精讲Unit5Music介词关系代词引导的定语从句素材人教版必修课件.ppt

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1、知识点 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】“介词关系代词”引导定语从句是我们学习定语从句的重点，也是高考的常考点。学习这种从句应注意以下几点：1.1.用于这种情况的关系代词一般为whichwhich（指物）和whomwhom（指人）。在这种结构中，介词的选择非常关键，可以遵循以下四个原则：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】（1 1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词与介词搭配，构成动词短语。例如：I

2、s this the car for which you paid a high price?Is this the car for which you paid a high price?（pay forpay for）这是你花大价钱买的车吗？In the dark street,there wasn In the dark street,there wasnt a single person to whom she t a single person to whom she could turn for help.could turn for help.（turn to somebody

3、for helpturn to somebody for help）在黑暗的街上，她找不到一个人来帮助她。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher.teacher.（shake hands with sb.shake hands with sb.）刚才你和他握手的那个人是我们的英

4、语老师。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】（2 2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.grammar and some of the idioms.（be sure aboutbe sur

5、e about）马克思没有把握的两件事是：语法和习惯用法。The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is The teacher with whom the students in our class are popular is Mr.Wang,our English teacher.Mr.Wang,our English teacher.（be popular withbe popular with）在我们班，深受学生欢迎的是王老师我们的英语老师。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系

6、代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】（3 3）根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词，其先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方法、工具等的词，它们与介词之间有一定的联系。当“介词关系代词”在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语时，可分别用when,where,whywhen,where,why替换。例如：I Ill never forget the day on which ll never forget the day on which（=when=when）I joined the army.I joined the army.我永远也忘不了我参军的那一天。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从

7、句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】The factory in which The factory in which（=where=where）his father works is far away his father works is far away from my hometown.from my hometown.他父亲工作的那家工厂离我们家乡很远。I donI dont know the reason for which t know the reason for which（whywhy）he was late for he w

8、as late for school.school.我不知道他为何上学迟到。This is the camera with which he often takes photos.This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】（4 4）根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓语动词不是由固定的动词短语构成的，这时，要根据句子所要表达的意思，选用不同的介词。例如：This is

9、 the pilot for whom I bought a camera.This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.（意思是：I bought a camera for the pilot.I bought a camera for the pilot.）这就是我给他买相机的那位飞行员。This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.（意思

10、是：My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years.My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years.）这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.意思是：My son was saved by this pi

11、lot.My son was saved by this pilot.这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】2.2.介词若与从句中的动词词组有关，可前置于关系代词前，也可置于动词后，但若此介词与动词为固定词组，则此介词一般不前置。例如：Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun lived.Yesterday we paid a visit to the house in which Lu Xun lived.Yesterd

12、ay we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun lived in.Yesterday we paid a visit to the house which Lu Xun lived in.昨天，我们参观了鲁迅的故居。This is the very pen that I This is the very pen that Im look for.m look for.（look forlook for为固定词组，则介词forfor不可前置。）那就是我正在找的那支钢笔。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句

13、的用法引导的定语从句的用法】3.3.限定性定语从句中，介词前置时，关系代词不能用thatthat，且不能省略；若介词后置，则可以用thatthat，也可以省略。例如：This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago.This is the school in which I studied 3 years ago.This is the school This is the school（which/thatwhich/that）I studied in 3 years ago.I studied in 3 years ago.这就是三年前我学

14、习的那所学校。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】4.4.表示所属关系时，介词应用ofof，关系代词为which/whomwhich/whom，即n.+of+which/whomn.+of+which/whom，可转换为whose+nwhose+n，例如：He lives in a room,the window of which faces west.He lives in a room,the window of which faces west.He lives in a room,whose window f

15、aces west.He lives in a room,whose window faces west.他住的房间，窗子向西开着。The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not known.known.The child was saved by a man,whose name was not known.The child was saved by a man,whose name was not known.这个孩子被一

16、位不知姓名的男子所救。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【一、一、“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法引导的定语从句的用法】5.5.表示整体中的一部分或中最的，介词一般也用ofof。例如：The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college students.students.格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。不要混淆：The Greens have three daughters,and two of them T

17、he Greens have three daughters,and two of them are students.are students.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the Yangtze River.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the Yangtze River.中国有众多河流，最长的是长江。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【二、练习题目二、练习题目】5.5.表示整体中的一部分或中最的，介词一般也用ofof。例如：The Greens have two da

18、ughters,both of whom are college The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college students.students.格林夫妇有两个女儿，她们都是大学生。不要混淆：The Greens have three daughters,and two of them The Greens have three daughters,and two of them are students.are students.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the

19、 Yangtze River.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the Yangtze River.中国有众多河流，最长的是长江。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【二、练习题目二、练习题目】1.In1.In thethe darkdark street,street,therethere wasnwasnt t a a singlesingle personperson _ sheshe couldcould turnturn forfor help.help.A.A.thatthat B.B.whowho C.C.fromfrom w

20、homwhom D.D.toto whomwhom 2.2.RecentlyRecently I I boughtbought anan ancientancient ChineseChinese vase,vase,_ waswas veryvery reasonable.reasonable.A.A.whichwhich priceprice B.B.itsits priceprice C.C.thethe priceprice ofof whichwhichD.D.thethe priceprice ofof whosewhose 3.The3.The journeyjourney ar

21、oundaround thethe worldworld tooktook thethe oldold sailorsailor ninenine months,months,_ thethe sailingsailing timetime waswas 226226 days.days.A.A.ofof whichwhich B.B.duringduring whichwhich C.C.fromfrom whichwhichD.D.forfor whichwhich“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【二、练习题目二、练习题目】4.Human4.Human facialfacial expre

22、ssionsexpressions differdiffer fromfrom animalsanimals in in thethe degree_degree_they_they cancan bebe controlledcontrolled onon purpose.purpose.A.A.withwith whichwhich B.B.toto whichwhichC.C.ofof whichwhich D.D.forfor whichwhich 5.5.LastLast month,month,partpart ofof SoutheastSoutheast AsiaAsia wa

23、swas struckstruck byby floods,floods,fromfrom _ effectseffects thethe peoplepeople areare stillstill suffering.suffering.A.A.That B.That B.whosewhoseC.C.thosethose D.D.WhatWhat“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句【二、练习题目二、练习题目】KeysKeys：1.D 2.C1.D 2.C 3.A 3.A 4.B 5.B 4.B 5.B解析:1.D1.D 考查介词+关系代词用法。依据turnturn toto sb.sb.forfor helphelp固定结构，表示“向某人求助”可知答案 2.2.考查the+the+名词+of+of+关系代词的用法。按照“the+the+名词+of+of+关系代词”结构排除。hehe priceprice ofof whichwhichwhosewhose price=ofprice=of whichwhich thethe priceprice。