初中英语阅读短文回答问题的解题技巧优秀PPT.ppt

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1、初中英语阅读短文回答问初中英语阅读短文回答问题的解题技巧题的解题技巧第1页，本讲稿共35页课标课标初中生要达到的五级初中生要达到的五级 阅读目标要求：阅读目标要求：l能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系l能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物l能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息 第2页，本讲稿共35页考试说明考试说明要求：要求：1.能获取文章的具体信息2.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义第3页，本讲稿共35页题型介绍题型介绍 根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的

2、事实细节，答较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。第4页，本讲稿共35页 09-109-12 2年北京中考卷中此题型五道题分析年北京中考卷中此题型五道题分析文章字数一般疑问句选择疑问句特殊疑问句事实细节概括主旨201324875题无76-7975-7879201422665题66题67-6965-686920158365题无66-6965-68692016186无无64-6864-6768第5页，本讲稿共35页历史回顾历史回顾 近几年

3、的中考题中，特殊疑问句的近几年的中考题中，特殊疑问句的比例在增大，比例在增大，2012年达到了年达到了100%；选择疑问句近五年中考只在选择疑问句近五年中考只在2010年考了年考了1题；一般疑问句由原来的必考题；一般疑问句由原来的必考1题在题在2012年年也宣告了它的终结。也宣告了它的终结。第6页，本讲稿共35页未来预测未来预测 命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与命题难度将有所上升，突出能力考查与选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，选拔功能，这主要表现在命题从不同角度，不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得信不同思维方式出发，除了考查准确获得信息的能力外更多的是测试综合运用英语的息的能力外更多的

4、是测试综合运用英语的能力。能力。第7页，本讲稿共35页提问类型提问类型1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或或No回答）回答）2.由选择疑问句（由选择疑问句（A or B）来提问文章的细节。）来提问文章的细节。（选择选择A或者或者B来回答来回答）3.由特殊疑问词由特殊疑问词Who(人物人物)、Where(地点地点)、When(时间时间)、What(事件事件)、Why(原因原因)、How(方式方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章 的细节。（的细节。（根据文章细节回答根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：用一句话概括文章大意，提问形

5、式如下：Whats the main idea of the passage?What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?What are the main points about.in this passage?（概括文章大意概括文章大意）第8页，本讲稿共35页解题技巧解题技巧答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。1.一般疑问句用一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。了。2.选择疑问句回答时不用选择

6、疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。正确的一部分来做答。第9页，本讲稿共35页66Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s?It was poor.真题链接真题链接2010年中考题第10页，本讲稿共35页66.Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?A good choice.模拟链接模拟链接2011海淀二模题第11页，本讲稿共35页解题解题技巧技巧3.3.回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在回答特殊疑问句较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。形式上的对应。(

7、1)问目的，就应当用问目的，就应当用问目的，就应当用问目的，就应当用 for for短语，不定式短语等来回答；短语，不定式短语等来回答；短语，不定式短语等来回答；短语，不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用问原因，就应当用问原因，就应当用问原因，就应当用 because of because of 短语或短语或短语或短语或because because 从从从从句来回答；句来回答；句来回答；句来回答；(3)问问方式方式，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用 By doing来回答；来回答；来回答；来回答；(4)(4)问时间、地点时，问时间、地点时，问时间、地点时，问时间、地点时，答语中不

8、要忘记介词。答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是提问词是what 只能用完整句子、名词或名词性只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句多为宾语从句)来回答来回答来回答来回答;第12页，本讲稿共35页79.What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?真题链接真题链接2009年中考题To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action.第13页，本讲稿共35页

9、69.What is the writers purpose of writing this passage?To give suggestions about whatto do to feel good and have fun onhot days.模拟链接模拟链接2011海淀二模题第14页，本讲稿共35页67.Why should they have proper weight?真题链接真题链接2012年中考题Because they wont get hurt when they land,or get blown by strong winds.第15页，本讲稿共35页67Why

10、did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English?真题链接真题链接2010年中考题Because they often worked 17 hours a day.第16页，本讲稿共35页78.Why did Chinese people have“ByeBye Throwaway Culture Week”?真题链接真题链接2009年中考题Because they wanted everyone to stop throwing away plastic bags.第17页，本讲稿共35页18.How did young Chi

11、co get money?真题链接真题链接2008年中考题 By taking a little rubber第18页，本讲稿共35页66.How do we make our mother feel close to us?模拟链接模拟链接2012 海淀一模题By respecting her point of view.第19页，本讲稿共35页20.When was Chico murdered?真题链接真题链接2008年中考题 On December 22，1988第20页，本讲稿共35页65.Where do they jump from?真题链接真题链接2012年中考题 They j

12、ump from planes.第21页，本讲稿共35页64.What are Smokejumpers?真题链接真题链接2012年中考题 Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter.第22页，本讲稿共35页65.What can help us understand our mother better?模拟链接模拟链接2012年海淀一题Remembering/Knowing our mothers age.第23页，本讲稿共35页解题步骤解题步骤1.初读文章，标好段。初读文章，标好段。2.根据问题中的根据问题中的 key words 在文章中

13、定位在文章中定位 信息。信息。-稳、准、快稳、准、快3.表述信息表述信息 精（炼）精（炼）准准(确确)变变人称人称时态时态第24页，本讲稿共35页阅读回答问题第阅读回答问题第5题的解题的解法法1.要点通常包括要点通常包括两个两个或或多于两个多于两个。2.抓住文章的抓住文章的结构结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的主，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。旨大意。3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：development(n.),history(n.),(dis)advantage(n.),Importance(n.),suggestion(n.)value(n.)informat

14、ion(n.),Introduction(n.),feature(n.)，responsible(adj.),creative(adj.)successful(adj.)confident,(adj.)achieve(v.),encourage(v.)第25页，本讲稿共35页4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：些有用的句型：Its(about)Whatis and howTo helpand encourage第26页，本讲稿共35页2012年中考题 Para4.Although most smokejumpers are men,more women

15、 are joining.Most important are your weight and height.Smokejumpers in the U.S.for example,must be 54 to 91 kilograms,so they dont get hurt when they land,or get blown by strong winds.Para5.Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness.in Russia,many smokejumpers know how to find food in the f

16、orest and even make simple furniture from trees.Para6.They work is dangerous,the hours are long.But for these firefighters,smokejumpers isnt just a job.They love being able to jump out of planes,fight fires,and live in the forest.As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the bes

17、t job for the strong and brave.”真题链接真题链接68.Whats needed to be a smokejumpers?此题答案应在此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，划线部分为答题段中找，划线部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。To be a smokejumper,one needs to have proper height and weight,be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job.第27页，本讲稿共35页2011年中考题 We need to be

18、 responsible for our environment.Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者节俭的消费者)is one way to help.But,what exactly does that mean?Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them.Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube.Use the last little piece of soap.Wear It Out You do not always need to

19、 have new things.Suppose your sneakers anymore.Then you can get a new one.真题链接真题链接68.What does the writer want to tell us?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总文章为总-分分结构。总结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也就是第也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说责，下面每一个小标题都在说what exactly a

20、 frugal consumer means，也就是，也就是how to be a frugal consumer。Why and how to be a responsible consumer.第28页，本讲稿共35页2012年朝阳一模题 模拟链接模拟链接68.What does the writer want to tell us?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为文章为总总-分结构。总分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也也就是第一段中找。就是第一段中找。the road rules是关键词，下面是关键词，下面

21、的小标题都是在说的小标题都是在说road rules,最后的小标题在说最后的小标题在说more information，也需要总结。，也需要总结。Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in New Zealand.第29页，本讲稿共35页2010年中考题 真题链接真题链接69.What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为Where it is，其余段落作者，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为是

22、按照时间顺序写的可总结为how it has developed。Where it is and how it has developed.Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of LondonIt is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury AvenueGerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the areaThere is a large Chinese community（

23、社区）（社区）with a lot of Chinese restaurants,Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street In the 1950s,it was a poor area and everything was very cheap.In the 1970s and 1980s,British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought.Now everyone knows about Londons ChinatownDuring the Ch

24、inese New Year,.第30页，本讲稿共35页2011年海淀一模题 模拟链接模拟链接69.What are the main points about the Twins Day Festival in this passage?归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为What the Twins Day Festival is，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为可总结为how it has developed。What the Twins Day Festival is and how it has developed.第31页，本讲稿共35页2009年

25、中考题 真题链接真题链接79.What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?To help more people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action.第32页，本讲稿共35页2009年中考题 真题链接真题链接 One cool April 22 morning,people started the day as usual.Yet it was not a normal day.Whats so special

26、about April 22?The answer is simple.It is Earth Day.People all over the world celebrate this important day.The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s.Life was very different then.Few people talked or even thought about the environment.Most people had no idea how dirty our

27、 air and water were.On April 22,1970,twenty million(百万百万)Americans joined the first Earth Day activities.They showed that people really did want to do something about the environment.Since then laws have been passed to protect the air,water,land,and animals.The vehicles such as cars and buses you ri

28、de in must pass tests to make sure they dont cause too much pollution.Thanks to this law,cars today release(排放排放)about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970.As a result,the air we breathe is cleaner than it once was.Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s.It

29、s a good thing because they needed a lot of help.The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire!Today,the river is cleaner.It no longer burns.Its healthy enough for birds,fish,and other animals.Now the celebration has spread to other countries.More than

30、 175 countries take part each year.第33页，本讲稿共35页2009年中考题 真题链接真题链接 In 2007,people in China paid much attention to a big problem.People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day!People had“Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week.”They wanted everyone to see how wasteful it was to use so many plastic bags

31、.In 2008,China passed new laws against them.Every April 22,millions get together to clean and protect Earth.They also celebrate how far we have come.Our job is to put this knowledge to work.You can help keep our planet healthy too!此题关键问的是此题关键问的是the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。

32、，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。To help more people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action.第34页，本讲稿共35页解题技巧解题技巧1.在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。2.最后一题要关注语篇结构（总最后一题要关注语篇结构（总-分、分分、分-总、总总、总-分分-总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案通常是两个照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案通常是两个要点。要点。2012年最后一题答案为三个要点。年最后一题答案为三个要点。总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简意赅，体现概括，言简意赅，体现“简简”与与“准准”二字。二字。第35页，本讲稿共35页