讲英汉互译实践与技巧课件.pptx
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1、n第一讲第一讲 翻译简论翻译简论n第二讲第二讲 英汉语言对比研究英汉语言对比研究n第三讲第三讲 Diction遣词用字遣词用字n第四讲第四讲Amplification增词法增词法n第五讲第五讲Omission省略法省略法n第六讲第六讲Conversion转换转换n第七讲第七讲Restructuring结构调整结构调整n第八讲第八讲ThePassiveVoice被动语态被动语态n第九讲第九讲Affirmativevs.Negative肯定与否定肯定与否定n第十讲第十讲NominalClauses名词性从句名词性从句n第十一讲第十一讲AttributiveClause定语从句定语从句n第十二讲第十
2、二讲AdverbialClause状语从句状语从句n第十三讲第十三讲LongSentences长句的翻译长句的翻译第第1页页/共共94页页n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译1 1:简历:简历n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译2 2:求职信:求职信n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译3 3:通知:通知n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译4 4:致辞:致辞n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译5 5:企业或学校简介:企业或学校简介n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译6 6:新闻英语:新闻英语n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译7 7:考研英语:考研英语n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译8 8:论文题目、摘要:论文题目、摘要n实用文体翻译实用文体翻译9 9:科技英语:科技英
3、语第第2页页/共共94页页第十二讲第十二讲 AdverbialClauses状语从句状语从句一、教学重点:一、教学重点:1.1.英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译 2.2.汉语状语结构的翻译汉语状语结构的翻译二、教学内容:二、教学内容:1.1.英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译2.2.汉语类似结构的翻译汉语类似结构的翻译第第3页页/共共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译1、AdverbialClauseofTime1)TranslatingintoCorrespondingChineseAd
4、verbialClausesnWhile she spoke,thetearswererunningdown.她说话时她说话时,泪水直流。,泪水直流。nHehadscarcelyhandedmetheletterwhen he asked me to read it.他把信他把信一一交给我,交给我,就就叫我念给他听。叫我念给他听。2)TranslatingintoChineseCompoundSentencesofParallelStructurenShesangas she prepared the experiment。她她一边一边唱着歌,唱着歌,一边一边准备实验。准备实验。第第4页页/共
5、共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译3)TranslatingintoChineseAdverbialClausesofConditionnTurnofftheswitchwhen anything goes wrong with the machine.如果机器发生散障如果机器发生散障,就把电门关上。,就把电门关上。nAbodyatrestwillnotmovetill a force is exerted on it.若无外力的作用若无外力的作用,静止的物体则不会移动。,静止的物体则不会移动
6、。第第5页页/共共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译2、AdverbialClauseofPlacenMakeamarkwhere you have any doubts or questions.在在有疑问的地方有疑问的地方做个记号做个记号.nThematerialsareexcellentforusewhere the value of the workpieces is not high.如果零件价值不高如果零件价值不高,使用这些材料是最好不过的了。,使用这些材料是最好不过的了。第第6页页
7、/共共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译3、AdverbialClauseofCause1)TranslatingintoCorrespondingChineseClauseofCausenThecropsfailedbecause the season was dry.因为气候干燥因为气候干燥,作物歉收。,作物歉收。2)TranslatingintoChinesePrincipalClausesnBecause he was convinced of the accuracy of this
8、fact,hestucktohisopinion.他深信这件事正确可靠他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。,因此坚持己见。nPureironisnotusedinindustrybecause it is too soft.纯铁太软纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。,所以不用在工业上。第第7页页/共共94页页4、AdverbialClauseofCondition1)TranslatingintoChineseAdverbialClauseofCondition,orClausesofSuppositionnIf something has the ability to adjust itself
9、to the environment,wesayithasintelligence.如果某物具有适应环境的能力如果某物具有适应环境的能力,我们就说它具有智力。,我们就说它具有智力。nShould there be an urgent situation,presstheredbuttontoswitchofftheelectricity.万一有紧急情况万一有紧急情况,请按红色按钮以切断电源。,请按红色按钮以切断电源。2)TranslatingintoChineseSupplementClausesnYoucandrivetonightif you are ready.你今晚就可以出车,你今晚就
10、可以出车,如果你愿意的话如果你愿意的话。第第8页页/共共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译5、AdverbialClauseofConcession1)TranslatingintoCorrespondingChineseAdverbialClausesofConcessionnWhile this is true of some,itisnottrueofall.虽然有一部分是真的虽然有一部分是真的,但不见得全部都如此。,但不见得全部都如此。2)TranslatingintoChinese“U
11、nconditional”ClausesSuchas“不管不管”、“不论不论”,etc.nHegotthesameresultwhichever way he did the experiment.不论用什么方法做实验不论用什么方法做实验,他所得到的结果都相同。,他所得到的结果都相同。第第9页页/共共94页页.AdverbialClausesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英语状语从句的翻译英语状语从句的翻译6、AdverbialClausesofPurposenWeshouldstartearlyso that we might get there before no
12、on.为了正午以前赶到那里为了正午以前赶到那里,我们应当早点动身。,我们应当早点动身。(我们我们应当早点动身,应当早点动身,以便能在正午之前赶到那里以便能在正午之前赶到那里。)nSteelpartsareusuallycoveredwithgreasefor fear that they should rust.钢制零件通常涂上润滑脂,钢制零件通常涂上润滑脂,以防生锈以防生锈。(为了防锈为了防锈,钢制零件通常需涂上润滑脂。钢制零件通常需涂上润滑脂。)第第10页页/共共94页页.TranslationofSimilarStructureinChinese汉语类似结构的翻译汉语类似结构的翻译1、A
13、nalysisofSubordinationn她不老实她不老实,我不能信任她。我不能信任她。Sincesheisnothonest,Icannottrusther.n人不犯我,我不犯人。人不犯我,我不犯人。Wewontattackothersunlessweareattacked.n打肿脸充胖子,吃亏是自己。打肿脸充胖子,吃亏是自己。If yougetbeyondyourdepth,youllsuffer.n种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。Asyousow,sowillyoureap.n不到黄河心不死。不到黄河心不死。Untilallisover,ambitionneverdies.第
14、第11页页/共共94页页.TranslationofSimilarStructureinChinese汉语类似结构的翻译汉语类似结构的翻译2、UsingInanimateSubjectsn一看到那棵太树一看到那棵太树,我就会想起童年的情景。,我就会想起童年的情景。The sight of the big treealwaysremindsmeofmychildhood.n凭良心讲凭良心讲,你待我礼貌有加,我却受之有愧,你待我礼貌有加,我却受之有愧My consciencetoldmethatIdeservednoextraordinarypoliteness.n小梅小梅心地善良,性情温和心地善
15、良,性情温和,对她朋友这种没有心肝,对她朋友这种没有心肝的行为实在看不顺眼。的行为实在看不顺眼。Xiaomeiskindly and gentle naturecouldnotbutrevoltatherfriendscallousbehavior.第第12页页/共共94页页Practice:nWhenZhouEnlaisdooropenedtheysawaslendermanofmorethanaverageheightwithgleamingeyesandafacesostrikingthatitborderedonthebeautiful.n活到老活到老,学到老。学到老。Oneisnev
16、ertoooldtolearn.n不人虎穴,焉得虎子。不人虎穴,焉得虎子。Howcanyoucatchtigercubswithoutenteringthetigerslair?n留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。Whilethereislife,thereishope.(Solongasthegreenhillsremain,therewillneverbeashortageoffirewood.)n以其人之道,还治其人之身。以其人之道,还治其人之身。Dealwithamanashe.dealswithyou.(Paysb.backinhisowncoin.)第第13页页/共共
17、94页页Practice:nIhopethisconcessionofourswillsettheballrolling.nSometimes,walkingthestreetatnight,IvebeensodesperatethatIvemadeupmymindtowinthehorseorlosethesaddle.nWhyareyourushingaroundlikeachickenwithitsheadcutoff?nHegetsupveryearlyandsitsupverylateandisburningthecandleatbothends.nIdlovetogoouttolu
18、nch,butyouknowImlivingonashoestring.nThecompetinginterestgroupsconfronteachotherwithashowofpassionanddrama,sometimesoverinconsequentialmattersoroveramerelinguisticdifference.nDuringthewar,hewasanembryosurgeon,andjoinedthemobilemedialteam.nApplicationoflaserinmedicineisstillinitsinfancy.nIwasnotoneto
19、letmyheartrulemyhead.nHissuccessinthisfieldhaspushedhisforerunnerspointintothebackground.第第14页页/共共94页页Practice:nAniceenoughyoungfellow,youunderstand,nothingupstairs.nTherearethreestepswhichmustbetakenbeforewegraduatefromtheintegratedcircuittechnology.nThemurderwasfoulandunnaturalandforalongtimeevenG
20、ryce,veteransolverofpolicemysteries,wasconfoundedbythesimplicityofthecrime.nThegapbetweenindustrializedanddevelopingcountries,orbetweenrichandpoorcontinentsisgoingtowiden.Underdevelopmentisstillwinningthebattle.nBitternessfedonthemanwhohadmadetheworldlaugh.nThecountrywasshockinglybeautiful,andjustas
21、shockinglydifficulttocapturefromtheenemy.nHehadleftanoteofwelcomeforme,assunnyashisface.nThemanwasasstrongasahorse,andhistemperwasasfierceashewasstrong.第第15页页/共共94页页第十三讲第十三讲 LongSentences 长句的翻译长句的翻译一、教学重点:一、教学重点:1.1.英汉翻译的长句处理英汉翻译的长句处理 2.2.英汉长句的翻译方法英汉长句的翻译方法二、教学内容:二、教学内容:1.1.英汉翻译中的长句处理英汉翻译中的长句处理2.2.汉
22、英翻译中的长句处理汉英翻译中的长句处理3.3.英文长句的翻译方法英文长句的翻译方法第第16页页/共共94页页.LongSentencesinEnglish-ChineseTranslation英汉翻译中的长句处理英汉翻译中的长句处理StageIComprehensionnStep1:presentingthelongsentenceinaskeletonformnStep2:inferringthemainideafromthecontextandthewholetextnStep3:distinguishingbetweentheprincipalandsubordinateelements
23、andfindouttheinterrelationsbetweenprincipalandsubordinateclausesStageIIPresentationnStep4:enteringonatentativetranslationofeachsentencedivisionnStep5:rearrangementandfinishingtouches第第17页页/共共94页页OriginalEnglish:Itisnothingelsethanimpuritiesprenatallyinherentinore,thatseriouslyaffectthequalityofthela
24、tter,whichisformedasaresultofgeologicalvicissitudesincludingdiastrophicmovement,eruptionofvolcano,sedimentation,glaciationandweatheringetc.,undertheactionofwhichpyrogenicrocks,volcaniccomplex,aqueousrocks,sedimentaryrocksetc.,comeintobeing,someofwhichexistinastageofsymbiosis,themaincauseoftheabsence
25、ofpurerocksinnature,whereinliesthereasonfortheneedofseparationtechnologyandapparatus,namely,ore-dressingdevicesandequipment,(whichhavebeen)sofarimpotenttomeettherequirementsofmetallurgicalindustry;thescientistsmakeeveryendeavortoelevatetoanewhighbylaserseparation.第第18页页/共共94页页Step1:presentingthelong
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