2021届中国科学技术大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届中国科学技术大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In the 1994 filmForrest Gump,theres a famous saying,“Life is like a box of chocolates;you never know what youre gonna get.”The surprise is part of the fun.Now blind box toys are b

2、ringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging but invisible from the outside.You dont know what will be inside,although the toys typically come from pop culture,ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were

3、 first introduced fromJapantoChinain 2014.According to a 2019 Tmall report,the mini-series of Labubu blind box,designed byHong Kong-born Kasing Lung,was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event.Most customers for blind boxes are young peop

4、le aged 18 to 35.According to The Paper,blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances.The typically cute cartoon figurines come in miniature sizes,making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations,the mystery and unce

5、rtainty of the process also attracts people.Its the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,”said Miss Cao,24,who lives and works inShenyang.Speaking to Sina News,she said:“Until you open all the boxes,you cannot know

6、what it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives,something small but fun to wait for each day,week or month.When people open this simple little box,they may be disappointed,but the uncertainty is part of the fun.People will open more blind boxes and

7、hope for a better outcome.When someone re-makesForrest Gump,dont be surprised if he says,“Life is like a blind box.”1.Why is the famous saying in the filmForrest Gumpquoted at the beginning?A.To arouse the readers interest.B.To present the writers view.C.To introduce the topic.D.To highlight the fun

8、 of blind boxes.2.Which of the following is the main feature that makes blind box so popular?A.Miniature sizes.B.Cute appearances.C.Fear of the unknown.D.Mystery and uncertainty.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.Blind box became popular in 2019 after being first introduced fromJapantoChina.B.Bl

9、ind box toys typically originated in pop culture,varying from movies to cartoons.C.Blind box toys was designed and named by Hong Kong-born Kasing Lung.D.When people open this simple little box,they will feel disappointed.B For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers,it was self-evident that there

10、 is something called human nature,something that constitutes the essence of man.There were various views about what constitutes it,but there was agreement that such an essence existsthat is to say,that there is something by virtue of which man is man.Thus man was defined as a rational(理性的)being,as a

11、 social animal,an animal that can make tools,or a symbol-making animal.More recently,this traditional view has begun to be questioned.One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man.An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our tim

12、e is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called“human nature.”The historical approach was strengthened,particularly in the United States,by studies in the field of cultural anthropology(人类学).The s

13、tudy of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs,values,feelings,and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text.Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a

14、fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield(盾牌)behind which the most inhuman acts are committed.In the name of human nature,for example,Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery.Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the

15、 capitalist form of society,scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness,competitiveness,and selfishness as natural human characters.Popularly,one refers cynically（愤世嫉俗地）to“human nature”in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed,murder,cheating and lying.Ano

16、ther reason for disbelief about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking.Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution,the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable.Yet I believe it is precisely from an evol

17、utionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.4.Most philosophers believed that human nature _.A.is the quality distinguishing man from other animals B.consists of competitiveness and selfishness C.is something partly innate and partly acquired D.consists o

18、f rationality and undesirable behavior 5.The traditional view of“human nature”was strongly challenged by _.A.the emergence of the evolutionary theory B.the historical approach to man C.new insight into human behavior D.the philosophical analysis of slavery 6.According to the passage,anthropologists

19、believe that human beings _.A.have some characters in common B.are born with diverse cultures C.are born without a fixed nature D.change their characters as they grow up 7.The author mentioned Aristotle,a great ancient thinker,in order to _.A.emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the conce

20、pt of“human nature”B.show that the concept of“human nature”was used to justify social evils C.prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of“human nature”D.support the idea that some human characters are inherited.C A trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country.To ge

21、t there,we had to walk a mile.But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection.I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister-and all the things I loved best-quiet,space and books.I read a lot of books about science:not the space

22、ships my brothers preferred,but the birds and the bees-literally.I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins(知更鸟).I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides

23、 of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone(石灰石).One Saturday,as I wandered through the young adult section,I saw a title:Little Women,by Lousia May Alcott.I had learned from experience that titles werent everything.A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull on

24、ce you got it home.So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home,and,except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating,I did not put it down until the end.Even the freedom to watch weekend televi

25、sion held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott s story.It was about girls,for one thing,girls who could almost be like me,especially Jo.I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.8.What can we say about the authors family?A.They enjoyed traveling abroad.B.They were library frequenters.

26、C.They were very fond of walking.D.They led a perfectly quiet life.9.What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A.Her different hobbies from her brothers.B.How she conducted science experiments.C.Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D.Her reading interests during a particula

27、r period of time.10.What opinion does the author hold on books?A.Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B.Science books are as interesting as novels.C.The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D.Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.11.How would the author describe Little Wo

28、men?A.It helped her to discover her true character.B.It made her forget about food and sleep.C.It inspired confidence in her.D.It kept her absorbed.D Some of the oldest art in human history is being damaged,scientists say.And climate change may be speeding up its loss.Newresearch reports that ancien

29、t rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time,as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls.Its a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem,the study suggests.These salt crystals go into the cave walls,changing sizes as temperatures

30、 rise and fall.This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought.These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular,the researchers sa

31、y,climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future.These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino,a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming a

32、nd cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study,led by Jillian Huntley,examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi,Indonesia.The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites.Its merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region.The researchers n

33、ote that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem,adding that climate change is a growing threat,one that deserves more attention.12.What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A.Weather patterns.B.Salt crystals.C.Wet conditions.D.Drought Periods.13.Which of the following m

34、ay researchers agree with?A.El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B.Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D.Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14.Which word best describes Huntleys attitude to clima

35、te change?A.Worried.B.Curious.C.Doubtful.D.Positive.15.What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A.The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B.The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C.The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D.The threats of human activities to ancient eave

36、 art sites.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking._16_Do you want to be a good public speaker?Here are some principles you must master.People want to listen to someone who is interesting,relaxed and comfortable.T

37、oo often when you stand up to give a speech,you focus on the“public”at the expense of the“speaking.”_17_Focus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience,be yourself and make a connection.Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet,the only one who cares about any mistake is th

38、e one who is speaking.Peoples attention wanders constantly.In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speakers message.So,dont stop speaking when you make a mistake unless its a truly serious one._18_ Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker._19_And like everything else in life,tha

39、t takes practice.Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis._20_Its rare to hear someone say,“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.“On the other hand,you probably cant count the times that youve thought,“Im glad that talk is over.It seemed to go on forever!“So

40、 surprise your audience.Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.Its better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effective public speaker.C.You don t need

41、 to apologize for a minor slip.D.When it comes to public speaking,less is usually more.E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners G.However,the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.第二部

42、分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 On a hilltop in southeast Brazil,4,500 feet above the surrounding landscape,is a coffee plantation with a history of more than 150 yearsfive generations.The owner is Ellen Fontana,a woman_21_to both her land a

43、nd her family.A respect_22_nature contributes to her business;she employs sustainable(可持续的)practices to_23_water,avoid pesticides and_24_greenhouse gas emissions.Her devotion and attention helped her_25_award-winning specialty coffee and a successful coffee business,which she hopes will_26_through f

44、uture generations.But in the past few years,her vision of the future has been_27_.The planet is changing_28_and whether coffee production will continue in her area in 20 or 50 years is naturally a_29_.“I heard from my grandparents that it used to rain a lot in January,and the dry and rainy seasons w

45、ere more clearly_30_,”Fontana says.“But now,for a few years,we have noticed_31_rainfall,high temperature and hail(冰雹).”In 2014,Fontanas home experienced its worst_32_in nearly a century,leading to a rare water crisis.And February 2020 was the rainiest month in the regions_33_history,resulting in flo

46、ods._34_Fontana has earned more than many,thanks to her hilltop location and a significant area of natural forest that she and her family have_35_on their land.She says,“We are in a region with a lot of preserved forest,and we have a lot of coffee.This climate_36_a lot in the balance of crops.I thin

47、k that living in a balance between coffee production and the environment that we live in provides a_37_not only for our family but for all the other people who will_38_these resources.I think this_39_is good for the business,good for the_40_and good for our soul.”21.A.related B.addicted C.devoted D.

48、used 22.A.to B.for C.about D.in 23.A.make the best of B.run out of C.keep track of D.give way to 24.A.reserve B.reject C.reduce D.replace 25.A.design B.invent C.harvest D.create 26.A.stop B.return C.appear D.continue 27.A.improved B.shaken C.recognized D.cleared 28.A.frequently B.rapidly C.gradually

49、 D.definitely 29.A.concern B.factor C.mission D.principle 30.A.conducted B.listed C.pursued D.defined 31.A.irregular B.increasing C.mild D.average 32.A.drought B.sandstorm C.flood D.earthquake 33.A.hidden B.recorded C.short D.brief 34.A.Otherwise B.Also C.Thus D.But 35.A.cut B.covered C.maintained D

50、.produced 36.A.fades B.changes C.punishes D.helps 37.A.benefit B.career C.freedom D.convenience 38.A.remove B.enjoy C.waste D.observe 39.A.access B.approach C.balance D.behavior 40.A.friends B.climate C.atmosphere D.family 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A break danci