2021年苏州工业园区斜塘学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf

《2021年苏州工业园区斜塘学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年苏州工业园区斜塘学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2021 年苏州工业园区斜塘学校高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman,they write“The Freshman oftenfaces an ident

2、ity problem during the first semester.”College is a more pressured environment than it used to be,in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased.Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex,drugs and alcohol.Most dont know how to manage

3、 their time or money.They often feel lonely and overwhelmed,resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin,director of clinical service for student-counseling(咨询)services at Iowa State University,says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are havi

4、ng trouble making the adjustment to college life.She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that arent easily defined or fixed.And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing th

5、em differently.For example,by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars.The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course.“Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,”they say.Many homesick freshmen think theyll

6、 be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving.So parents can help by letting them know theyre welcome to return if they feel the need.In the meantime,parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids.One of the best ways is e-mail.Its less unpleasant and less ex

7、pensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1.Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A.Because they often fail in exams.B.Because they lack time and money.C.Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D.Because they have to

8、 settle personal issues on their own.2.In the last paragraph,it is suggested that _.A.parents should stop buying anything for their kids B.parents should develop a good relationship with their kids C.parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids D.parents should work with high schools i

9、n college-life courses 3.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Hard Life of College Freshmen B.Approaches to Trouble in College C.Freshmens Adaptation Problems D.A Strange Phenomenon in College B This is Scientific Americas 60-Second Science.I am Christopher Intagliata.The

10、 Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon,thats nearly 2200 different samples.But the most interesting one,according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa,is a sample named Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.“He was about to step back into the lunar modu

11、le(登月舱)when he turned around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box.He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials,so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺)of soil and put it into the box.Wadhwa explained.It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apo

12、llo missions.And a geologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒)of rock in the soil,which inspired him to dig deeper into the moons ancient past.“This was quite a leap of imagination he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆)ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ag

13、o.This was a revolutionary idea at the time,because people had thought the moon had formed cold,so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample.She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample.Scott,a mountai

14、neer at that time,wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.Neil Armstrongs last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how t

15、he moon and the Earth itself-got here.Thank you for listening for Scientific Americans 60-Second Science.4.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that _.A.Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soil B.the spaceship was about to land on the moon C.Sample Apollo1-008-5 was collected at the last minute D.s

16、cientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil 5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A.Scott made a new proposal about the moons origin.B.The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.C.Apollo 1-0-0-8-5 brought new evidence to the moons formation.D

17、.Wadhwa and her husband climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock.6.What is this text?A.A short interview.B.An introduction to a scientist.C.An inspiring speech.D.A broadcast story of a program.7.What is the text mainly about?A.A romantic story of a moon rock.B.A big leap made by Neil Armstrong.C.An unus

18、ual task for Apollo missions.D.An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.C In 2015,a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386,000 words in the entireFrench Scrabble Dictionaryin just nine weeks.However,he does not speak French.Richards impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intel

19、ligence works real AI.Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting.Because AI canoutperformhumans at routine tasks provided the task is in one field with

20、 a lot of data it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI.In fact,four types of jobs are not at risk at all.First,there are creative jobs.AI needs to be given a goal to optimize.It cann

21、ot invent,like scientists,novelists and artists can.Second,the complex,strategic jobs executives,diplomats,economists go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data.Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs wont em

22、ploy as many people as AI will replace?Not to worry,as the fourth type is much larger:jobs where emotions are needed,such as teachers,nannies and doctors.These jobs require compassion,trust and sympathy which AI does not have.And even if AI tried to fake it,nobody would want a robot telling them the

23、y have cancer,or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI.The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.This must be the responsibility not just of the government,which can provide funds,but also of corporations and those who benefit most.8

24、.What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A.To introduce the topic.B.To mention Nigels feat.C.To stress the importance of good memory.D.To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.9.Which of the following best explains“outperform”underlined in paragraph 2?A.Be superior to B.Be equal to C.Be similar to D

25、.Be related to 10.Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A.The writer.B.The shop assistant.C.The babysitter.D.The psychologist.11.What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A.Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B.Get more support from the gove

26、rnment.C.Apply for the donation from companies.D.Upgrade themselves all the time.D Brain cells work to actively forget memories during a specific period of sleep.When we sleep our brains clear out the memories weve made while were awake,deciding what to keep and what to get rid of.Forgetting is an a

27、ctive process,explained the authors of the study published in the journal Science.But less is known about this process during the different periods of sleep.They found that during the rapid eye movement(REM)sleep period or active sleep when we are thought to dream special nerve cells appear to activ

28、ely contribute to forgetting.What are known as melanin-concentrating hormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神经元)sit in the hypothalamus(下丘脑):a part of the brain which helps with a range of functions such as sleep,appetite and emotions.Past research has suggested these cells help to control REM sleep patterns

29、:activating the MCH neurons increasing time spentin this period,while preventingthemreducing changes into this period.The scientists looked at MCH cells in mice,and found 52.8 percent were active during REM sleep,compared with 35 percent when the mice were awake.Study co-author Thomas Kilduff,direct

30、or of the Center for Neuroscience at SRI International,told Newsweek the team was surprised to find that mice performed better on learning and memory tasks when the MCH cells were prevented.“This result suggests that activation of the MCH neurons may affect memory that is,MCH neurons may facilitate

31、forgetting,”Kilduff explained.When asked what motivated the study,Kilduff said,“We hope the work could deepen our understanding of Alzheimers disease.Understanding the neural basis of learning and memory is a huge area of neuroscience research because of its effects on our everyday lives,as well as

32、diseases such as Alzheimers disease.Prior to this work,no one suspected that MCH neurons had anything to do with forgetting,”said Kilduff.12.What can we infer from paragraph 1?A.Forgetting is a passive process.B.The forgetting process is known to us.C.Some memories are forgotten while we are awake.D

33、.Certain memories are removed while we are asleep.13.What does the underlined word“them”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.REM sleep patterns.B.Past researches.C.MCH neurons.D.A range of functions.14.Why did Kilduffs team conduct the research?A.To publish the study in the journal Science.B.To know more about

34、 Alzheimers disease.C.To contribute to humans forgetting.D.To explore our everyday lives.15.What can we know about MCH?A.MCH cells takes control of REM sleep patterns.B.MCH neurons may disturb memory consolidation.C.MCH neurons have nothing to do with forgetting.D.MCH cells help mice performing bett

35、er on learning.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Using Social Media and Email Safely The Internet is a huge part of many peoples everyday lives._16_,no matter how safe you feel while browsing(浏览).By getting into the habit of using good Internet safety practices,you

36、 can protect your information and your identity for years to come._17_.Keeping your social media profiles(个人档案)private can make it harder for strangers to contact you online or get a hold of your information.Choose an option that makes your profile visible to only you or your friends.Never give pers

37、onal information to someone you met online._18_.No matter how well you may think you know someone you met online,you can never really be sure of who they are and whether they might be dangerous.Use caution when meeting in-person with someone you met online.Its best not to meet people in-person who y

38、ouve only talked to online,but some situations might require it-if you sold something on Craigslist,for example,or are using an online dating site._19_.Dont open emails or files from people you dont know.Phishing scammers(网络钓鱼骗子)are people who use fake emails or messages to make you share personal i

39、nformation.If you see an email from an unfamiliar address,or from an address you know but with a doubtful message,move it to your spam folder(垃圾邮件夹)._20_,but never click on them until you can verify(证实)that its a legal message.A.Make your profiles private B.Avoid making your profiles invisible to al

40、l C.Theemail could also include links that might look legal D.Its fun,useful,and informative,but can also be dangerous E.It attracts peoples attention,but its also unsafe to search for F.This might seem obvious,but its still important to remember G.In these cases,meet in a public place and bring a f

41、riend with you 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I used to hate running.It seemed too hard,and pushing outside my comfort_21_was not something I was raised to do.In fact,I wouldnt have become a(n)_22_if it werent for my husband Charles He h

42、ad been a_23_competitive runner for many years.After our marriage,he wouldnt stop talking about how much he_24_it.So he picked it up again,and after about a year,I started to join him at the_25_.Just a few weeks later,Charles signed us both up for a five-kilometer race.I_26_about doing it.It was too

43、 soon.But on race day,there I was.The gun went off Thousands of runners_27_.The first kilometer was tough.I was already breathing_28_and painfully aware of the group of runners_29_past me.After another minute I saw the three-kilometer_30_.All I could think of was that I was_31_.I rounded a comer,and

44、 saw both sides of the street_32_with people watching the race,all cheering the runners on.I_33_my legs to keep going.Then I looked up and sawthe clock.The_34_ticking away gave me an incentive(助力).I knew that if I had_35_finished this race I would have achieved something So,I_36_up,and kicked it.I h

45、ad my arms_37_higher when I passed through the finish line.A volunteer put a(n)_38_around my neck.“You did great!Im so proud of you!”Charles was thrilled that Id_39_.“That was amazing!I want to do another race.”I proudly hugged my medal as we started to walk to the post-race festivities.My lungs and

46、 my comfort zone both_40_.21.A.block B.line C.emotion D.zone 22.A.wife B.coach C.expert D.runner 23.A.serious B.common C.casual D.sharp 24.A.hated B.missed C.admired D.trained 25.A.race B.department C.track D.ceremony 26.A.hesitated B.puzzled C.cared D.brought 27.A.slipped away B.backed off C.pushed

47、 forward D.came over 28.A.mildly B.shallowly C.gently D.heavily 29.A.running B.bending C.reaching D.pacing 30.A.symbol B.mark C.pattern D.campaign 31.A.hopeful B.speechless C.dying D.moving 32.A.stuck B.crowded C.provided D.directed 33.A.sunk B.bent C.shook D.willed 34.A.seconds B.titles C.criteria

48、D.competitors 35.A.also B.actually C.just D.unfortunately 36.A.dressed B.came C.stayed D.straightened 37.A.kept B.crossed C.held D.tied 38.A.rope B.medal C.necklace D.award 39.A.got it B.meant it C.made it D.defeated it 40.A.trembled B.expanded C.ached D.erupted 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，

49、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Wuhan,the capital city of Central ChinasHubeiprovince,once hardest-hit by COVID-19,_41._(invite)medical workers and their s acrossChinawho_42._(assist)with the fight against the epidemic in 2020_43._(enjoy)its cherry blossom season this year.All A-level tourist spots in th

50、e city will offer free entry to medical workers,and Wuhan University,one of the best places in the city to feast the eyes of cherry blossom admirers,_44._(announce)it would provide free exclusive visits for them from Saturday to Sunday.Exclusive activities including guided tours,shows and performanc