2021届中国人民大学附属中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届中国人民大学附属中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Theatre reflects the values of the civilization out of which it grows.The following are the types of theatre performances an ancient Roman might have witnessed then.Fescennine Verse F

2、escennine Verse was a pioneer of Roman comedy.Ironic and improvisational（即兴的）,it was used mainly at festivals or weddings,and as invective.With early native Italian funny dialogues in Latin verse,it was thought to have combined with a tradition of performances by masked dancers and musicians from Et

3、ruria.Fabula Atellana Fabula Atellana relied on common characters,masks,direct humor,and simple plots.They were performed by actors improvising.Fabula Atellana came from the Oscan city of Atella.There were 4 main types of characters:the braggart,the greedy blockhead,the clever hunchback and the stup

4、id old man,like modern Punch and Judy shows.Fabula Togata Named for the clothing symbolic of the Roman people Fabula Togata had various subtypes.One was the Fabula Tabernaria,named for the tavern（酒馆）where the comedys preferred characters,lowlifes,might be found.One describing more middle-class types

5、,and continuing the Roman clothing theme,was the Fabula Trabeata.Fabula Praetexta Fabula Praetexta is the name for Roman tragedies on Roman themes,Roman history or current politics.Fabula Praetexta was less popular than tragedies on Greek themes.During the Golden Age of drama in the Middle Republic,

6、there were four great Roman writers of tragedy,Naevius,Ennius,Pacuvius,and Accius.Of their surviving tragedies,90 titles remain.All the performances above began as a translation of Greek forms,even to the extent of their being performed in Greek costume.1.Where might an ancient Roman witness Fescenn

7、ine Verse?A.At a party.B.At a funeral.C.At a wedding.D.At a concert.2.Which type of performance describes the middle-class life?A.Fabula Atellana.B.Fabula Tabernaria.C.Fabula Trabeata.D.Fabula Praetexta.3.What do the listed types of performances have in common?A.They copy Latin dramas.B.They take on

8、 Greek forms.C.They reflect Roman themes.D.They refer to Italian stories.B Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne said yesterday he would use the autumn spending review to increase Britains12bn-a-year aid budget towards humanitarian(人道主义的)causes in the wake of the European refugee(难民)crisis.Brit

9、ainpromised to spend 0.7 percent of state general product on aid,meaning the budget could rise sharply by the end of the decade as the economy grows.Mr Osborne also said more of the aid budget could be given to help local government with housing costs for incomers,without breaking international guid

10、elines.“We will use the foreign aid budget to help with the costs of these refugees.People ask about the pressure on public services;well have extra money to help with that.”The government was unable to give a figure for how much aid money could be handed to local authorities:it would depend on how

11、many refugees are accepted.David Cameron,Prime Minister,will set out his position on aid for refugees today.It is reported thatBritainwill accept at least 10,000 extra people from camps on theSyriaborder.He will use a statement in the House of Commons to flesh out plans announced inMadridon Friday t

12、o take more people.A report inThe Sunday Timesthat the UK would take 15,000 Syrians,not far from the 18,000 figure demanded by the EU,was described by“Downing Street”as a“guess”.TheUKwill offer to resettle Syrians directly from refugee camps inJordan,LebanonandTurkey but not those who have already r

13、eached the EU.4.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Britain tried to help refugees.B.People doubtBritains kindness.C.Britain tried to explain its behavior.D.Refugees like to live inBritain.5.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A.Britains economy grows rapidly.B.Britain will use little

14、 of its money to help refugees.C.Most countries are not willing to help refugees.D.Britainwill use more money to help refugees.6.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Britain will use foreign money to help refugees.B.Britain helps refugees following international guidelines.C.Britain will use

15、foreign money to develop themselves.D.People ask to use public service money to help refugees.7.What can we know from the passage?A.Britain can hold 10,000 refugees at most.B.The number of refugees to be received is uncertain.C.House of Commons declare a general plan.D.Britaincan hold 15,000 refugee

16、s at most.C Australias Great Barrier Reef has lost 50%of its corals(珊瑚)within 30 years,with climate change a key driver of reef disturbance,a new study has found.Researchers from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,inQueensland,northeasternAustralia,studied coral communities and thei

17、rsize along the length of theGreat Barrier Reefbetween 1995 and 2017,finding all coral populations disappear gradually,they said.Reefs are important to the health of ocean ecosystems without them,ecosystems break down and ocean life dies.Coral population decreases happened in both shallow and deep w

18、ater coral species,experts found,but branching and table-shaped corals which provide habitats for fish were worst affected by mass bleaching(漂白)events in 2016.Warm ocean temperatures are the main reason of coral bleaching.Bleaching doesnt kill coral immediately,but if temperatures remain high,eventu

19、ally the coral will die,destroying a natural habitat for many species of ocean life.“We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its huge size but in fact our results show that even the worlds largest and ly well-protected reef system is increasingly destroyed and in decline,”Terry Hughe

20、s,an outstanding professor at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies,said.“There is no time to lose we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible,”the reporter warned in the paper,published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society journal.8.What has mainly influen

21、ced the coral populations of theGreat Barrier Reef?A.Destroyed habitats.B.Climate change.C.Lack of seafood.D.Bleaching events.9.What can we learn from the passage?A.Many species has been dying out slowly.B.The size of reefs contributes to their protection.C.Ocean ecosystems dont develop without reef

22、s.D.Bleaching continually disturbs table-shaped corals.10.What attitude does the reporter hold to the present situation of theGreat Barrier Reef?A.Worried.B.Angry.C.Hopeful.D.Surprised.11.What is probably the best title for the passage?A.Climate change damages theGreat Barrier Reef B.The Species of

23、ocean Life Are In Danger C.Greenhouse Gas Emissions Get Worse D.Sea Ecosystems Are In Decline D While space travel still gets lot of attention,not enough attention has been paid to the exploration of oceans,about which we know much less than the dark side of the moon.Ninety percent of the ocean floo

24、r has not even been recorded and while we have been to the moon,the technology to explore the oceans floors is still being developed.For example,a permanent partially-underwater sea exploration station,called the Sea Orbiter,is currently in development.The oceans play a major role in controlling our

25、 climate.But we have not learned yet how to use them to cool us off rather than contribute to our overheating.Ocean organisms are said to hold the promise of cures for a wide of the unique eyes of skate(ray fish)led to advances in conquering blindness,the horseshoe crab was important in developing a

26、 test for bacterial pollution,and sea urchins helped in the development of test-tube fertilization(人工授精).The toadfishs ability to regenerate its central nervous system is of much interest to neuroscientists.A recent Japanese study concluded that the drug Eribulin,which was taken from sea sponges,is

27、effective in fighting with breast,colon,and Urinary cancer.Given the approaching crisis of water insufficiency,we badly need to improve current methods,of desalinating(淡化)ocean water and make them more efficient and less costly.By 2025,1.8 billion people are expected to suffer from severe water shor

28、tage,with that number jumping to 3.9 billion by 2050-well over a third of the entire global population.If the oceansdo not make your heart go beating faster,how about engineering a bacterium that eats carbon dioxide and thus helps protect the world from overheating and produces fuel which will allow

29、 us to drive our cars and machines,without oil?I cannot find any evidence that people young or old,Americans or citizens of other nations would be less impressed or less inspired with such a breakthrough than with one more set of photos of a faraway galaxy or a whole Milky Way full of stars.12.What

30、does the author think about the ocean exploration?A.It is equal to the space exploration.B.It is well developed.C.It deserves more attention and devotion.D.It is beyond our knowledge.13.What technology has been developed to make use of the oceans?A.Curing human diseases with ocean organisms.B.Preven

31、ting the world getting warmer.C.Mapping the global ocean floor.D.Removing salt from sea water.14.What does the author imply in the last paragraph?A.The temperature rise will be overcome by a bacterium.B.Solving the existing problems is more significant.C.The space exploration is worth the efforts.D.

32、The ocean exploration is not inspiring.15.What is the best title of the passage?A.Oceans,the Last Hope.B.Oceans,the Hidden Treasure.C.Space,the Final Frontier.D.Space,the Faraway Dream.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Learning a new language like English can be a

33、challenge,but with regular study,it can be done.Classes are important,but so is disciplined practice._16_Here are some guidelines tohelp you become a better English student._17_Instead of focusing on one single task for the entire study session,try mixing things up.Study a little grammar,then do a s

34、hort listening exercise,and then perhaps read an article on the same topic.Dont do too much;20 minutes on three different exercises is plenty.The variety will make studying more fun.React watch and listen.By reading English-language newspapers,listening to music or watching TV repeatedly,youll uncon

35、sciously absorb things like pronunciation,speech patterns and grammar.Keep pen and paper handy and write down unfamiliar words you encounter.And do research to learn what those new words mean._18_ Play vocabulary and grammar games.For example,if youre going to study English on topics that focus on v

36、acations,take a moment to think about your last trip and what you did._19_ And if youre going to study verbs in the past tense,stop to think about what you did last weekend.Write down the verbs you use and review the various tenses.These games will make you think critically about vocabulary and usag

37、e.Write it down.Take 30 minutes at the end of class to write down what happened during our day.Once youre comfortable writing about your day,challenge yourself with creative writing exercises._20_Or write a poem about someone you know well.Youll have fun and study English effectively.A.Study every d

38、ay.B.Keep things fresh.C.It can even be fun.D.Then use them the next time you are role-playing dialogue in class.E.Make a list of all the words you might use to describe your activities.F.Dont be afraid to consult reference materials when studying grammar.G.Choose a photo from a book or magazine and

39、 describe it in a short paragraph.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 A few years ago,my father arranged to send me a mail-order fruitcake at Christmastime.Although I had a_21_job and owned an apartment inManhattan,he always_22_my refrigerato

40、r might be empty.He_23_me to have a particular brand of fruitcake.Made inTexas,it was famous among fruitcake_24_.“It makes me_25_my mothers,”he told me in a phone call.Ordering the fruitcake was his_26_of trying to take care of me from afar._27_I was middle-aged,I was still his son.The first week of

41、 December passed with no_28_of his fruitcake.Delayed(耽搁)by holiday mail,I thought,or a backlog of orders.The day before my flight toCalifornia,the fruitcake still had not_29_.January,February,and March came and went_30_no fruitcake.Though my father_31_to ask about it,I never once considered_32_and t

42、elling him yes,the fruitcake had_33_arrived and was_34_.Instead I said,“That_35_is orbiting earth,and sooner or later it will_36_.”“Thats a good one!”he_37_.Early last December,nearly a year after my father died from a failing heart,I got a(an)_38_from a staffer at the front desk of my apartment bui

43、lding.“You_39_a package(包裹),”he said.I went downstairs to_40_it up.The brown box had a FedEx label with a return address inTexas.21.A.poorly-paid B.good C.new D.interesting 22.A.believed B.hoped C.feared D.guessed 23.A.forced B.encouraged C.asked D.wanted 24.A.lovers B.sellers C.markets D.shops 25.A

44、.think over B.think of C.look for D.look around 26.A.suggestion B.experience C.attitude D.idea 27.A.Because B.Even though C.Whenever D.Before 28.A.sign B.call C.mail D.taste 29.A.sold B.gone C.arrived D.stayed 30.A.out B.for C.with D.off 31.A.continued B.forgot C.waited D.refused 32.A.replying B.kee

45、ping C.believing D.lying 33.A.quickly B.finally C.suddenly D.slowly 34.A.delicious B.broken C.ready D.famous 35.A.flight B.cake C.man D.box 36.A.leave B.disappear C.land D.fly 37.A.shouted B.cried C.answered D.said 38.A.message B.letter C.email D.call 39.A.have B.send C.make D.order 40.A.give B.look

46、 C.pick D.take 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live longer than those who dropped out of high school._41._the average Americans expected span has been flat in recent years,and_42._surprising）even fell betwe

47、en 2015 and 2017,that of the one-third with a bachelors degree has continued to lengthen.This difference is growing,according to the new research_43._（publish）in the National Academy of Sciences.Scientists found that the life spans（寿命）of those with and without a bachelors degree started to_44._（diff

48、erent）in the 1990s and 2000s.This gap grew even_45._（wide）in the 2010s.What is the link_46._schooling and longevity?Some argue that better-educated people develop various healthier_47._（lifestyle）：each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight.The better-

49、educated earn more,_48._in turn is associated with greater health.Researchers argue that changes in labour markets_49._（reduce）the supply of well-paid jobs for_50._（that）without a degree in the past few years.This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use,suicide and other deaths o

50、f despair.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。.注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。.“Who would like this$20 bill!?a well-known speaker a