2021届上海耀中国际学校高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届上海耀中国际学校高三英语第二次联考试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Shopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime.Knightscope s

2、ays the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope.He says，These robot security guards will change the world.Our planet has more than seven billion people on it.Its going to quickly get to nine billion people.The securit

3、y equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast.The companys Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.You want them to be machines plus humans.Let.the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic de

4、cision-making work，so its always working all together.The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy,especially in connection with t

5、he video recordings.Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet.Eugene Volokh,a law professor at the UCLA School of Law,says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says

6、there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS.Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market.At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1.What can this new tool do for humans?A.Make strategic decisions.B.Keep watching day and

7、night.C.Carry heavy weapons.D.Stop crime autonomously.2.Why are some people worried about the new robots?A.Their privacy may be let out.B.The robots are very expensive.C.Robots will replace humans.D.They will be out of work soon.3.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A.Robots Are

8、 Becoming More Popular B.Robots Contribute aLotto the World C.Robots Are in Great Demand Now D.Security Robots Could Help Cut Crime B When 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobbyskateboarding,the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on

9、 the skateboard after such a long time.However,the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.Durans problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard.He couldnt find anything for fat skaters.What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating.

10、Determined to do something to change the image(形象)of plus-size people in sports,Duran set up Chub Rollza skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters.He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong,but he needed to create a safe space where others can havere

11、presentation as well.To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport,Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters.He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle,Duran received l

12、ots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding.He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like Skate Like a Giri.Though encouraged,Duran bel

13、ieves a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities.Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters.Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizeseveryone is making thinner,lighter products,but som

14、etimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available,he explains.For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size,Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself.Just because you dont see it doesnt mean you cant be it.”4.What does the underlined word that in paragraph 1

15、refer to?A.The skateboard.B.His hobby.C.His ability.D.The time.5.Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?A.To realize his childhood dream.B.To help plus-size people lose weight.C.To fight for the equal right for fat people.D.To change peoples impression of the fat in sports.6.Which word can best describe Dur

16、an?A.Generous.B.Inspiring.C.Adaptable.D.Talented.7.Which is most likely Durans belief?A.Everyone has a gift for sports.B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.C.Fat people do deserve social concern.D.Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.C A new study finds almost one third of the worlds populat

17、ion is overweight.Since 1980,obesity rates(肥胖率)in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries,making people more worried.And rates are increasing in many other countries.Obesity is increasing faster in children than adults in many nations,including Algeria,Turkey and Jordan,the report said.But

18、the worlds weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike.Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a disturbing global public health problem.Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015.They examined obe

19、sity rates,average weight gain in 195 countries.They found that obesity rates are three times greater among youth and young adults in countries like China,Brazil and India.Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight.Egypt had the highest number of overwei

20、ght adults in 2015.Vietnam had the least.In the same year,the United States had the highest number of overweight children,and Bangladesh had the least.Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas.The United Nations said that almost 800 million people,including 300 million children,go to bed hungry eac

21、h night.Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are mainly to blame for the rising numbers of overweight people.Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries.Often,poor people will eat processed(加工的)foods instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.The London

22、-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries:Britain,Brazil,China,Mexico and South Korea.It found that the cost of processed foods like ice creamand hamburgers has fallen since 1990.But the cost of fresh fruits and vegetables has gone up.8.What do we know about o

23、besity in the world?A.It is worrying B.It is given no attention C.It has been successfully solved D.It is more serious among old people 9.Which country has the most overweight children in 2015?A.America B.Vietnam C.Egypt D.Bangladesh 10.What is one of the reasons why people get overweight?A.Hunger B

24、.Poor diet C.Diets with vegetables D.Eating too much fruit 11.Which ofthe following can be the best title for the text?A.Its Important to Have a Balanced Diet B.How Can We Lose Weight and Keep Fit?C.Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables?D.Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweig

25、ht.D Light pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations,according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects lives,the researchers said.We strongly believe artificial

26、light at night in combination with habitat loss,chemical pollution.invasive(入侵的)species,and climate change is driving insect declines,the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.Insect population collapses have been reported around the world,and the first global scientific review

27、published in February,said widespread declines threatened to cause a catastrophic collapse of natures ecosystems.There are thought to be millions of insect species,most still unknown to science,and about half are active at night.Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when th

28、ey are at rest.The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths(飞蛾)flapping around a bulb,mistaking it for the moon.Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed,as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface.But artificial light can scupper(使泡汤)t

29、his.Insects areimportant prey(猎物)for many species,but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights.Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species,the researchers said.The researchers said most human-ca

30、used threats to insects have analogues in nature,such as climate change and invasive species.But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.However,unlike other drivers of decline,light pollution is ly easy to prevent.Simply turning off lights that are not needed is the most obvio

31、us action,he said,while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution.Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important.It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights,which interfere with daily rhythms.LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful col

32、ours and flicker rates.12.What is discussed in the passage?A.Causes of declining insect populations.B.Consequences of insect population collapses.C.Light pollution:the key bringer of insect declines.D.Insect declines:the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.13.What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?A.H

33、ow light travels in space.B.How light helps insects find food.C.How the food chain is interrelated.D.How light pollution affects insects.14.What does the underlined wordanaloguesin Paragraph 6probably mean?A.Selective things.B.Similar things.C.Variations.D.Limitations.15.What is the purpose of the l

34、ast paragraph?A.To offer solutions.B.To give examples.C.To make comparisons.D.To present arguments.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to Make Sure You Enjoy Your Trip A trip is a planned destination where one arranges in advance in which the main purpose is to s

35、earch for adventure and to create a memorable moment.Here are the steps on how to make sure your tripis enjoyable.Plan it well.Trips are ideally planned for it to go well._16_A check list is helpful,making sure youve got all your needs.Pack necessities.Bring what you need.Trips are short journeys an

36、d belong to the sub-level of traveling.Pack only the things you need._17_ Be safe.To be cautious is smart.No matter what you are up to,surfing,cliff diving,snowboarding,scuba diving.,it is always recommended to be safe._18_Dont be stubborn and put yourself in harm when there are precautions._19_You

37、may see delays,a different culture,lifestyle,food,and even a shortage of cash sometimesthis is all what travel is aboutexperiencing things with a new perspective.Once you expect to experience new things,youll bea happy traveler and free from stress.Save the memory._20_This is not one of those regula

38、r days so you ought to save the moment.It will make your trip more enjoyable after all that craziness;you get something to review the good times.A.Travelwith an open mind.B.Get prepared for everything new.C.This is all we expect from a trip.D.Seize the moment by taking pictures.E.It is important to

39、wear protective equipment when necessary.F.It is easy to get tired if you have too many things in your package.G.Take your time,a day or a week ahead to make a plan for your trip.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Suppose you are offered a j

40、ob or an opportunity to study in another country.You are going to make_21_foryour big adventure.Preparations for culture shock are_22_things you should_23_.Your views may fight with different_24_,values,and traditions.You may have difficulty in getting used to a new culture,which is not_25_to you.Th

41、is is culture shock.There are four stages（阶段）to culture shock which you will_26_.In the first stage,you see the new culture in a_27_light.The new country seems_28_.The local habits are interesting and the people you come across are welcoming and_29_.Unfortunately this stage will finally come to a(n)

42、_30_.Usually around three months after arriving at the new_31_,differences between your own culture and the new culture begin to_32_.These differences often create anxiety.Excitement_33_feelings of stress and anger due to some unfavorable events.Loneliness begins to_34_a sense of disconnection.As mu

43、ch as one year_35_,you become used to the new culture.You begin to see that even though the_36_of the culture are different from your own,it has something that you can learn to_37_.Then,you are able to participate_38_in the host culture.This stage can be considered as bicultural where you keep many

44、differences.Obviously,culture shock is something you cannot_39_when living in a foreign country.However,when you have completely got used to a new culture you can more fully_40_it.21.A.guesses B.preparations C.rules D.contributions 22.A.important B.silly C.perfect D.impressive 23.A.determine B.admit

45、 C.consider D.contrast 24.A.altitudes B.motivations C.approaches D.beliefs 25.A.important B.attractive C.familiar D.special 26.A.survive B.experience C.design D.arrange 27.A.favorable B.natural C.reliable D.unique 28.A.wonderful B.painful C.thankful D.useful 29.A.aggressive B.cautious C.friendly D.m

46、odest 30.A.conclusion B.announcement C.start D.end 31.A.position B.place C.decoration D.organization 32.A.replace B.disappear C.exist D.arise 33.A.lives up to B.gives way to C.goes back to D.holds on to 34.A.invent B.reduce C.keep D.emphasize 35.A.old B.apart C.ago D.later 36.A.standards B.similarit

47、ies C.expectations D.distances 37.A.defend B.reject C.combine D.appreciate 38.A.comfortably B.responsibly C.awfully D.terribly 39.A.balance B.avoid C.involve D.forecast 40.A.promote B.shape C.enjoy D.celebrate 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Once a main stop on the an

48、cient Silk Road,Dunhuang possesses extremely beautiful Buddhist art dating back over 1,650 years.Its Mogao Grottoes are home to over 2,000 color1 ed_41._(sculpture)and 45,0000 square meters of murals(壁画).The painting style of the murals_42._(change)over time,so did the content,giving insight(深刻见解)in

49、to life throughout the centuries.“In addition_43._their artistic values,the Dunhuang murals are today_44._(wide)regarded as a treasure house,containing extremely valuable information about religions,culture_45._social life in ancient China,”noted the website Shine.The_46._(culture)exchanges between

50、China and the West brought about by the Silk Road brought progress and also helped Dunhuang culture prosperity(繁荣).“_47._(look)back at this Dunhuang culture,we can really feel and experience the sort of openness,”said Zhao Shengliang,_48._(direct)of the Dunhuang Academy.It reflects Chinas eagerness