2021届东莞玉兰中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案.pdf

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1、2021 届东莞玉兰中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Bored with your life?Dreaming of something different?I always wonder what life would be like400 kmabove my head.Thats where the International Space Station orbits the earth,with six astrona

2、uts living and working on board,for months at a time.How do they sleep?They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle(小隔间)on the ceiling.American astronaut Sunita Williams explains,“Its like a little phone booth,but its pretty comfortable and it doesnt matter if I turn overan

3、d sleep upside down.I dont have any sensation(感觉)in my head that tells me Im upside down.”Brushing your teeth in a place where you cant have a tap or a sink can be a challenge.Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity?Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put

4、 a big blob of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when hes done.Daily exercise is essential.The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a d

5、ay.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth.So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747.Almost every task is carefully pl

6、anned by mission control although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro,duct tape(强力胶带)or clips(夹子)One of their most valued perks(额外待遇)is the view from“the office”,dominated by that gigantic blue ball down th

7、ere,sitting in the darkness of space.Wow!Absolutely breathtaking!1.When they sleep upside down,the astronauts willnot get dizzy because _.A.they dont feel it B.they sleep in the daytime C.they sleep in special sleeping bags D.they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness 2.What parts

8、 become weak if astronauts dont exercise?A.Their teeth and bones.B.Their brains and bones.C.Their bones and muscles.D.Their teeth and muscles.3.What is the passage mainly about?A.The Problems We Met in Space.B.Living and Working in Space.C.How to Become an Astronaut.D.The International Space Station

9、.B If you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly,you know it is surprisingly difficult.A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterflys overhead wing clap forces the insect forward.Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out li

10、ke a jet,but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight,they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly.Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos o

11、f the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off.This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies.Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies p

12、roved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path.The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up.A wing clap on takeoff,paired with a

13、quick tum,allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly.They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,”says Ayodeji Bode-Oke,a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville

14、.That means“we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly,and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research.I cant wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”4.Why was laser used in the experiment?A.To frighten the butterflie

15、s into lying.B.To help researchers observe the butterflies.C.To help take clear photos of air movement.D.To guide the butterflies through the smoke.5.What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A.Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B.An air pocket forms after butterflies clap

16、 wings.C.Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D.Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.6.According to the writer,the finding of the research can be used for .A.helping catch a resting butterfly more easily B.helping do research on other butterfly-like insects C.helping pr

17、ovide inspiration for making small flying vehicles D.helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle 7.What can be the best title for the text?A.Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B.How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C.How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D.Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickl

18、y?C Did you know that horses talk?Well,they do,and you can lean to understand“horse talk”if you pay close attention to the horses you see.When horses live in the wild,other animals try to eat them,so a lot of horse talk is about staying alive.Even now,when most horses live on farms,they watch for da

19、nger.For this reason,never walk behind a horse.If you surprise it,the horse might mistake you for a mountain lion or wolf and give a dangerous kick.By watching the ears of a horse,you can get clues to what its hearing.A horse can tum each ear in a different direction.For a wild horse,this trick is i

20、mportant for survival.The horse can hear something sneaking up behind it while also checking out a threatening noise in front.When a horse lets its ears down,its feeling safe and relaxed.If horses becomeisolated,they neigh,or“whinny,”calling for company.Theyre saying,“Where are you?Im over here!”If

21、a horse snorts(哼)while holding its head high and staring at something,its saying,“That looks dangerous.Get ready to run!”When two horses meet,they put their noses together and smell each others breath.Its their way of asking,“Are you a friend?”Horses nicker,too.Nickering is a quiet sort of sound.Thi

22、s friendly noise means theyre feeling secure and saying,“Clad to see you.”In the wild,horses live in herds,with all members watching for danger.In a herd,only one horse is the leader,the“boss hoss”.The“boss hoss”is usually an older female.She watches for threats and teaches younger horses how to beh

23、ave.However,others may want her job.When that happens,she pins her ears back against her head and may even bite or kick to get challengers to back off.Shes using body language to say,“Hey,Im in charge here!”All horses know that the one who makes others move is the leader.Horses relate to people that

24、 way,too.Horses have a language of their own.Now you know a bit of what they might be saying.8.What is the general idea of this passage?A.Horses can talk with their owners.B.You can know a bit of horses language.C.Horses can“talk”in their own way.D.Other animals can also learn language.9.What does t

25、he underlined word“isolated”in Paragraph 3 mean?A.Lonely.B.Glad.C.Sad.D.Frightened.10.What will a horse do when he wants to know whether another horse is a friend?A.He will let his ears down.B.He and another horse will put their noses together and smell each others breath.C They both will hold their

26、 heads high and stare at something.D.He will give another horse a dangerous kick.11.How will the“boss hoss”deal with her challengers?A.By warning or fighting.B.By watching for threats.C.By teaching younger horses how to behave.D.By relating to people.D The World Wildlife Fund(WWF)says more than half

27、 of the worlds wildlife population has been lost,whichthe conservation group says has placed the health of the planet at risk.The WWF recently released its 10th Flagship Living Planet Report.The group warns the condition of the worlds animals is worse than its earlier reports showed,indicating world

28、wide action is needed.The WWF is worried about the loss of and damage to Earths environment.The report provides information about more than 10,000 animal populations from 1970 to 2010.These populations are called“vertebrate species,”or animals with backbones like fish,birds,mammals,amphibians and re

29、ptiles.The report shows these populations have dropped by 52 percent in just 40 years.It warns freshwater species have fallen by 76 percent,which is almost twice the loss of land and ocean species.Most of these losses are in the tropics,with the biggest drop inLatin America.Marco Lambertini,the WWFs

30、 International Director-General said,“This is about losing natural habitats.This is aboutconvertingforests,grasslands,and wetlands into agriculture mainly,and it is about unsustainable use of wildlife.Illegal hunting has been actually increasing over the last 10 years,which definitely a driving forc

31、e for extinction,particularly of large species.”The report also notes what it calls the worlds“Ecological Footprint”,that is,the effect of human activities on the planet.Mr.Lambertini says there has been an increase in carbon dioxide gases and the pouring of nitrogen into oceans and rivers from fert

32、ilizers used in agriculture,which certainly cannot continue.“We are consuming on average every year about the equivalent of about 1.5,one and a half times the resources available to the planet.That means we are cutting trees more quickly than they can be restored.We are fishing the oceans more quick

33、ly than fishing stocks can reproduce,and we are emitting in the atmosphere more CO2than the natural systems can actually absorb,which is clearly not sustainable.”Mr.Lambertini warns climate change affects almost everyone on the planet and that whole species may disappear if the world does not reduce

34、 the effects of humans on the climate.12.According to the passage,what kind of species faces the biggest drop in population?A.Land and ocean species.B.Animals with backbones.C.Freshwater species inLatin America.D.Freshwater species in the tropics.13.All the following can contribute to the loss of wo

35、rlds wildlife population EXCEPT _.A.turning wildlife habitats into agriculture land.B.making sustainable use of wildlife.C.hunting illegally.D.emitting CO2 gases and pouring nitrogen.14.Which does the underlined word“converting”in paragraph 4 mean?A.Conserving.B.Conveying.C.Exchanging.D.Transforming

36、.15.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A.Marco is much concerned about humans current behaviors towards wildlife.B.what the planet provides now can satisfy humans sustainable development.C.more than half of the worlds wildlife population has been lost.D.if humans reduce the effects on the cl

37、imate,the whole species will not disappear.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Thinking is great.But action makes things happen.One of the biggest differences with people that successfully grow,expand themselves,and reach their goals,is that they consistently take ac

38、tion.Action takes energy though,so where does that energy come from?It comes from inside._16_ Here are several ways to light the fire and inspire yourself to take action.Act like you mean it.Maybe you want to get in great shape,but are you acting like you mean it?How many hours are you putting in ea

39、ch week?What routines are you trying?_17_Who are your instructors and models?What actions are you taking?If you act like you mean it,youll make better choices,show more confidence,and build energy that helps you spring up._18_Find some role models and heroes to use to lift your spirits.Just having s

40、ome examples under your belt can inspire you to new levels.For example,for me,I always look to the amazing physical and philosophical achievements of Bruce Lee.Chances are,no matter what problem or challenge youre up against,somebodys been there and done that.Shift to the future.Always thinking of t

41、he past is a quick way to bring yourself down.To lift yourself up,switch to the future and imagine the possibilities.See whats possible.This is where hope springs from.A few simple ways to shift to the future are.“How can I solve this?”or What would good look like?”or Whats the end in mind?_19_ Conn

42、ect to your values.You can connect everything you do to your values.This is a powerful way to inspire yourself with skill._20_Whenever you take on a task,ask yourself,“What can I learn from this?or How can I improve this?”Simply by connecting to your values,you make use of your inner source of power

43、.Your values fuel you and get you excited.A.Stand out from the others.B.Inspiration is a powerful force.,C.Stand on the shoulders of giants”.D.Or you want to be a leading figure.E.Its a valuable tool for us to use in analyzing possibilities.F.Questions are a powerful way to switch to the future in e

44、ffective way.G.For example,lets say you value continuous learning or growth”.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 My mom has always been my biggest inspiration.Shes a single parent of eight.Throughout the years,Ive seen my mom_21_many difficul

45、ties and overcome many life changing barriers.All those could easily_22_someone with little faith.The most difficult challenge was the_23_of my younger sister Tenesha at the age of 7.During the first three months of Teneshas life,doctors_24_if she would live to see the age of 1.This was_25_news,but

46、my mom never lost_26_.Even though Teneshas_27_hospital visits hurt her at times,my mom never showed signs of_28_.Her strength always made Tenesha feel_29_there had been nothing to worry about.This strength_30_Tenesha to live the life of a regular child.We almost_31_that she was sick.Unfortunately,af

47、ter 5 years of a happy childhood,things began to_32_.Tenesha lost sight in her left eye,which was_33_by loss of sense in her left arm,eventually leaving her left side paralyzed(瘫痪的).My mom_34_her job and attended to her every need.With my mom by her side.Tenesha went to bed with a _35_ every night.A

48、t the age of 7,Tenesha left us.Her_36_was over.It was a(n)_37_difficult time for us all.However,it wasalso the best learning experience.We now know that no matter how_38_our sufferings may appear,we have a support system that will overcome it all.This is all because of the_39_person in the world-my

49、mom.When we all felt weak,my mom grew stronger.At a time of_40_,my mom grew victorious.She is my heroine!21.A.record B.promote C.experience D.abandon 22.A.discourage B.impress C.distinguish D.possess 23.A.disease B.missing C.mistake D.passing 24.A.asked B.doubted C.argued D.whispered 25.A.confusing

50、B.disappointing C.embarrassing D.heartbreaking 26.A.hope B.interest C.courage D.confidence 27.A.aimless B.priceless C.countless D.meaningless 28.A.pity B.weakness C.preference D.apology 29.A.as if B.even if C.once D.unless 30.A.forced B.challenged C.persuaded D.enabled 31.A.hesitated B.forgot C.igno