分子生物学考题及答案.pdf
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1、考试试题 2 学院:生命科学学院 教研室(学科)主任:第 1页共 6 页 试题 2 及答案 考试科目:分子生物学考试时间:120 分钟 试卷总分 100 分 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 总分 得分 评卷教师 一、Explain the following terms and concepts 请解释下列术语或概念:(本大题共 10 小题,每题 2.0 分,总计 20 分)1.Frameshift mutation 2.Transposon 3.Cis-element 4.DNA complexity 5.RNAi 6.Negative regulation 7.epigenetics 8
2、.DNA replication 9.Transcripome 10.Imprint gene 二、choose the correct answer(本大题共 20 小题,每题 1 分,共计 20 分,请将正确的答案写在答题纸上,其中 115 题全体考生作答,1620 题英语考生作答,2125 题日语及俄语考生作答)1The DNA and histone proteins in a eukaryotic chromosome are compacted into structures called:(A)proteosomes;(B)nucleosomes;(C)telomeres;(D)
3、centromeres 2Viral genomes may be composed of (A)RNA only;(B)DNA only;(C)either RNA or DNA;(D)both RNA and DNA.3Dicer 蛋白是:(A)一种转录因子;(B)DNA 复制的调控因子;(C)一种核酸酶;(D)RNA 干涉过程中切割 dsDNA的酶 4Genes located in which region of a eukaryotic chromosome are most likely to be transcribed?(A)centromere;(B)telomere;(C)
4、euchromatin;(D)heterochromatin 5The effector molecule for the trp operon is (A)allolactose;(B)cyclic AMP;(C)tryptophan;(D)aporepressor 6The catabolite activator protein(CAP)binds to the _ to regulate expression of the lac operon.(A)promoter;(B)cyclic AMP;(C)repressor;(D)inducer 7The 3 5 exonuclease
5、activity associated with DNA polymerase reduces the frequency of replication errors to(A)1/10;(B)1/1,000;(C)1/1,000,000;(D)1/1,000,000,00 8When cultures of E.coli are grown in the presence of lactose and glucose,the lac operon is under _ control.(A)positive;(B)negative;(C)both positive and negative;
6、(D)neither positive or negative 9Griffith injected mice with different types of bacteria.For each of the following bacteria types injected,indicate whether the mice lived or died:a.typeR;b.type S;c.heat-killed S;d.type R+heat-killed S (A)lived lived died died;(B)died lived died lived (C)lived died l
7、ived died;(D)died died lived lived 10TFIIS functions to:(A)Bind Sp1;(B)Phosphorylate TFIIH;(C)Unwind DNA;(D)Stimulate RNA proofreading;(E)Terminates transcription 11Which chemical agent induces mutations by alkylating certain bases in DNA?(A)5-bromouracil;(B)nitrous oxide;(C)hydroxylamine;(D)methylm
8、ethane sulfonate 12In E.coli,suppressor mutations are often located in genes for (A)metabolic enzymes;(B)promoters;(C)tRNA genes;(D)DNA polymerase.13To begin DNA replication,a short _ primer must first be produced.(A)DNA;(B)RNA;(C)polypeptide;(D)histone 得分 得分 装 订 线 班级:学号:姓名:2005 年 12 月 28 日 第 2 页共 6
9、 页 14Through their experiments with DNA from the bacterium Escherichia coli,Meselson and Stahl showed that DNA replication is (A)conservative.;(B)dispersive;(C)duplicative.;(D)semi-conservative 15A mutation changes a CG base pair to an AT base pair.This is a _ mutation.(A)transversion;(B)transition;
10、(C)transpositional;(D)translocation 16、Which of the following is an example of a nonsense mutation?(A)ACG to ACC;(B)AUG to UUG;(C)UAC to UAG;(D)AAA to UUU 17A mutation occurs in which an AUU codon is changed to an AUC codon.Both of these codons signify the amino acid leucine.This is a _ mutation.(A)
11、Nonsense;(B)missense;(C)silent;(D)neutral 18In a eukaryotic cell,when a positive regulatory protein interacts with a promoter element(A)transcription is activated;(B)transcription is inhibited;(C)translation is inhibited;(D)replication is activated 19In eukaryotes,a protein is synthesized in the _ a
12、nd modified in the _.(A)nucleus;endoplasmic reticulum;(B)endoplasmic reticulum;Golgi complex(C)Golgi complex;nucleus;(D)nucleus;Golgi complexframeshift;20Utraviolet light usually causes mutations by a mechanism involving(A)one-strand breakage in DNA;(B)light-induced change of thymine to alkylated gu
13、anine;(C)inversion of DNA segments;(D)induction of thymine dimmers;(E)deletion of DNA segments 21氨酰 tRNA 的作用由_决定(A)氨基酸;(B)反密码子;(C)固定的碱基区;(D)氨酰 tRNA 合成酶的活性 22一个复制子是_(A)细胞分裂期间复制产物被分离之后的 DNA 片段;(B)复制的 DNA 片段和在此过程中所需的酶和蛋白;(C)任何自发复制的 DNA 序列(它与复制起始点相连);(D)复制起点和复制叉之间的 DNA 片段 23下列哪些转录因子是装配因子(A)SP1;(B)TFB;(C
14、)TFH;(D)都不是 24在原核生物复制子中以下哪种酶除去 RNA 引发体并加入脱氧核糖核苷酸?(A)DNA 聚合酶;(B)DNA 聚合酶;(C)DNA 聚合酶;(D)DNA 连接酶 25DNA 依赖的 RNA 聚合酶的通读可以靠_(A)因子蛋白与核心酶的结合;(B)抗终止蛋白与一个内在的 因子终止位点结合,因而封闭了终止信号;(C)抗终止蛋白以它的作用位点与核心酶结合,因而改变其构象,使终止信号不能被核心酶识别;(D)NusA 蛋白与核心酶的结合 只有在乳糖存在的条件下才能表达;在乳糖存在的条件下不能表达在乳糖不存在的条件下表达;不管乳糖存不存在都能表达 三、填空题(本大题共 10 小题,
15、每空 0.5 分,共计 10 分)1转录因子可分为两类,即()和()。2描述下列遗传区域的功能:5 侧翼的调控区域();3 非翻译区();编码区();3在原核生物的基因表达调控中,因为没有核膜,()和()是耦联的。4在 DNA 复制过程中,连续合成的子链为(),另一条非连续合成的子链为()。5组蛋白尾部的修饰在转录调控中具有重要作用,这些修饰主要包括()、()和()。6产生单个碱基变化的突变叫()突变,如果碱基的改变产生一个并不改变编码氨基酸残基的密码子,这就是()突变。7RNA 聚合酶()对-鹅膏蕈碱最敏感,主要用于()的转录;而 RNA 聚合酶()对-鹅膏蕈碱最不敏感,主要用于()的转录。
16、8TFH 是一个具 9 亚基的复合体,其中 4 个亚基具激酶功能域,可使()的 CTD 磷酸化;另 5 个亚基具()活性,在启动子清除时使 DNA 解旋。四、简答题(本大题共 7 小题,每题 6 分,共计 42 分)1How does lactose bring about the induction of synthesis of-galactosidase,permease,and transacetylase?Why does this event not occur when glucose is also in the medium?乳糖如何诱导-半乳糖苷酶、透过酶、转乙酰基酶合成的
17、?为什么在葡萄糖存在的情况下,这一生物学事得分 得分 考试试题 2 学院:生命科学学院 教研室(学科)主任:第 3页共 6 页 件不能发生?2You have isolated a plasmid DNA that is a closed circular molecular 1050 bp in length with 5 negative supercoils.What are the linking number,helical turns,writhe,and superhelical density?你分离出的质粒 DNA 为 1050 bp 长度的共价闭合环状分子,具 5 个负超螺
18、旋。请问这个 DNA 分子的连接数(L)、螺旋数(缠绕数 T)、扭曲数(W)、以及超螺旋密度是多少?3Antibiotics have been very useful in elucidating the steps of protein synthesis.If you have an artificial messenger RNA with the sequence AUGUUUUUUUUUUUUU,it will produce the following polypeptide in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system:fMet-Phe-
19、Phe-Phe.In your search for new antibiotics you find one called putyermycin,which blocks protein synthesis.When you try it with your artificial mRNA in a cell-free system,the product is fMet-Phe.What step in protein synthesis does puty-ermycin affect?Why?在阐释蛋白质合成的步骤方面,抗生素是一种十分有效的方法。如果你有一序列为 AUGUUUUUU
20、UUUUUUU的人工合成的 mRNA 片段,在无细胞蛋白质合成系统中能够翻译合成 fMet-Phe-Phe-Phe.的多肽,在你研究的新的抗生素中,有一种称为 putyermycin 的抗生素能够阻断蛋白质的合成,当这种抗生素与上述人工合成的 mRNA 片段一同加入到无细胞蛋白质合成系统中时,其产物为 fMet-Phe。请问,这种抗生素影响了蛋白质合成的哪一个步骤,为什么?4Describe the molecular events of the following processes:描述下列分子事件的过程(1)The major steps and enzymes involved in
21、nucleotide excision repair 核苷酸切除修复涉及的酶类及主要步骤。(2)The major steps and proteins involved in eukaryotic RNA Polymerasetranscription 真核生物 RNA聚合酶转录 RNA 的主要步骤及其酶类 5 Kornberg isolated DNA polymerasefrom E.coli.DNA polymerasehas an essential function in DNA replication.What are the functions of the enzyme in
22、 DNA replication?科恩伯格从大肠杆菌中分离出了DNA 聚合酶,在 DNA 复制过程中具有一个基本的功能,DNA 聚合酶在 DNA 复制过程中具有什么功能?6The double-helix model of DNA,as suggested by Watson and Crick,was based on data gathered on DNA by other researchers.The facts fell into the following two general categories;give two examples of each:(1)chemical c
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