2021届临西县第二中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届临西县第二中学高三英语期末考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In Sweden,McDonalds is building“bee hotels”on the back of its roadside billboards(广告牌)to help save the countrys decreasing bee population.It launched the campaign together with outdoor ad

2、vertising giant JCDecaux.Six large wooden bee hotels,with drilled holes on the front,first appeared on the back of a north-facing billboard in Jarfalla in September.“Without pollination(授粉)from bees,a thirdof the food we eat would be threatened.”McDonalds said.But it turns out that at least 30 perce

3、nt of the countrys wild bee population is endangered,according to the fast-food chain.A big problem is that they lack places to live.Based on data released by Chalmers University of Technology,we know Sweden owns 274 species of bees,of which 37 species are bumblebees,and more than a third are decrea

4、sing or face the risk of decreasing.Their natural habitats have been damaged by factors including the changes of agricultural activities and fast urbanization(城市化).Fortunately,most bees are able to survive in urban habitats,like the bee hotels.Every McDonalds authorized restaurant in Sweden will be

5、allowed to order their own bee hotel billboards and design the messages by themselves,as the fast-food chain says.It is their hope that the number of hotels could grow to a greater extent in the near future.Great efforts in addition to that have been made by the company.On World Bee Day,May 20,it in

6、troduced“the worlds smallest McDonalds”.McHive,which could function as an actual beehive(蜂箱).Designed by set designer Nilsson himself,the creation was sold for$10,000 at a charity fundraiser held for Ronald McDonald House Charities.Beehives can be found on the rooftops of some McDonalds restaurants

7、in Sweden,too.This took place in certain areas but is now followed by an increasing number of participants.More McDonalds restaurants are making an effort to improve the living conditions of wild bees by removing the grass round their restaurants to grow flowers and plants instead.1.According to the

8、 passage,the challenge that wild bees are facing is _ A.the fast process of industry.B.the worlds Large amount of trash.C.the rapid development of urbanization.D.the sharp growth of population.2.How does McDonalds help wild bees in Sweden?A.By providing shelters for bees.B.By offering food to bees.C

9、.By advertising rescue activities.D.By putting up more billboards.3.What is the best title for the text?A.Wild bees in danger B.The loss of bees habitats C McDonalds bee hotels D.The protection of wild bees B In life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.Whats sad is that even if i

10、ts the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed dont even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have f

11、allen into the same trap:People are given a box of tacks(大头钉)and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically,the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax.The psychologists had,of course,arranged it

12、so that neither of these obvious approaches would work.The tacks are too short,and the paraffin(石蜡)doesnt stick to the wall.So how can you complete the task?The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder.You empty it,tack it to the wall.and stand the candle inside it.To think of

13、that,you have to look beyond the boxs usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose.That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society.Th

14、e political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.In Arendts eyes,the self-content reliance on such accepted“truths”also made people blind to ideas that didnt fit their worldview,even when there was plenty of evid

15、ence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence,she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”4.What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.The experiment.B.Functional fixedness.C.The path.D.The thinking.5.Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?

16、A.Tacking the candle to the wall.B.Fixing the candle with melted wax.C.Using the tack box as a candle-holder.D.Lighting the candle tostand it.6.Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?A.People should question.B.We should be used to the way things are.C.People shouldnt accept

17、the idea that doesnt fit their worldview.D.The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.7.Whats the passage mainly about?A.An interesting experiment B.A psychological phenomenon.C.A theory to be proved.D.The opinion of Hannah Arendt.C For centuries,tea has been used for far more t

18、han quenching thirst.Around the world people drink it to relax,reinvigorate and relieve,and its something we need now more than ever.Even in the United States,a long coffee-dominated country,tea drinking is growing in popularity,with the country consuming 0.4 kilograms(14 ounces)of tea leaves per pe

19、rson a year compared with 0.36 kilograms(12.7 ounces)in 2007 according to the United Nations,as people switch away from soda，milk and fruit drinks.Scientists are beginning to look into just how tea might affect mood and cognition.Specifically,theyre investigating whether its relaxing and refreshing

20、effects are a direct biological outcome of the compounds in tea or whetherthey come from the context in which the drink is consumedpreparing your tea,choosing your favorite cup and sitting down for a brief break from the world.Or both.Drinking green tea has been found to improve brain function in he

21、althy people,said Stefan Borgward,chair and director of the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy at the University of Lubeck,Germany.In a 2014 study,he gave one or two cups of green tea to 12 healthy volunteers and imaged their brains to analyze changes in connectivity inside certain brain reg

22、ions.“We noticed an increased connectivity in regions of the brain associated with working memory,”he said via email.And a 2017 review of more than 100 studies he coauthored found that green tea can impact the brain in three ways:It can influence psychopathological state such as reducing anxiety;cog

23、nition by benefiting memory and attention;and brain function,specifically memory.That review concluded that it would be desirable for more Westerners to consume at least 100 milliliters(3.3 fluid ounces)of green tea each day“to protect neurocognitive function.”However,Borgward,cautioned that the eff

24、ects arent large,and the evidence is mainly provided by small-scale studies.8.How does the author introduce the tendency of drinking in the U.S.?A.By showing examples.B.By explaining reasons.C.By making a comparison.D.By checking existing facts.9.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A.Scientists are loo

25、king into why tea makes people relaxed and refreshed.B.The context in which the drink is consumed is very important.C.Peoples relaxation is the direct biological outcome of the ingredients in tea.D.Preparing tea,choosing a cup and sitting down for a brief rest is amazing.10.What can we conclude from

26、 Stefans research?A.Tea is a cure for a neurocognitive disease.B.Green tea is particularly beneficial to our memory.C.Drinking tea every day can prevent us from getting ill.D.Westerners drink less than 100 milliliters of green tea.11.What is the researchersattitude towards the finding?A.Supportive B

27、.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Objective.D Texas has been one of the most restrictive gun-rights states in America.Thanks to a new law,however,the state will be one of the most relaxed,to the degree that police are discouraged from even asking about someones guns.And if they do,they may not have much power t

28、o do anything if the person refuses to show a license.To be sure,the law is strict in its own way,offering a model for regulation.Under the law,open-carry citizens have to be licensed,a process that includes safety and shooting tests.They also have to show no prior psychological problems,and they ha

29、ve to be at least 21 years old.It is true that gun violence dropped sharply after restrictive laws were put in place in countries like Great Britain and Australia.However,the US public seems more interested than ever in weapons and the power they convey,despite gun control groups concern over the in

30、crease of violence.Most states in America have steadily expanded gun rights since the end of a 10-year assault(攻击)weapons ban in 2004.Black Friday this year saw the biggest gun cache(贮存)ever purchased in one day.Considering those trends,theres a heated debate about whether the new Texas law is a mod

31、el piece of legislation(立法)for a changing America,or a walking disaster just begging for trouble.As the law doesnt provide any punishment for those who refuse to show a license to a police officer,critics fear that officers may find it tough to handle potentially deadly situations.After all,armed ci

32、tizens will no longer be considered suspicious,even though a lot of people might be alarmed by the sight.Most police in Texas have been told to not engage gun carriers unless they are doing something questionable or appear drunk.For sure,New Years Day will be an exciting one for Texas gun owners.Wha

33、ts not yet known is how the rest of Texas will respond.12.All of the following are required in the new Texas law for open carry EXCEPT A.age limit B.mental condition C.online registration D.gun-operating skills 13.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A.The reason for putting forward the new Te

34、xas law.B.The present situation of gun possession in America.C.The impact of the assault weapons ban in 2004.D.The inaction of the US government as to gun control.14.What do critics think the new Texas law will probably lead to?A.Heavier workload for policemen.B.Disrespect for officers.C.Lack of tru

35、st among citizens.D.Difficulty in crime prevention.15.What is the authors attitude towards the new Texas law?A.Negative.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Approving.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The human brains memory declines with age.Persisten(持久的)stress and unhealt

36、hy lifestyles can also lead to an early decline in your memory.Here are some ways to improve your memory.Sharpen your brain with mnemonic（记忆的）devices _16_And according to recent studies,they can help improve your brain.This is because it essentially acts like brain training and forces it to work and

37、 produce new cognitive(认知的)network connections.So go on ahead and adapt mnemonic practices whenever possible.Exercise regularly We mean physical exercise.A research finds leading a sedentary(久坐的)lifestyle can also lead to memory loss._17_Its healthy for both your mind and your body.Play video games

38、Get on that controller and spend a couple of hours playing your favorite video game.Its good for your mind,according to a recent study that showed how these pastimes can help improve the functioning of various memory-associated regions in the brain._18_ Eat vegetables _19_Various research papers sta

39、te that vegetables can help lower oxidative（氧化的)stress in your brain as well as help keep healthy cognitive functions.Reduce stress levels The research shows intense and persistent stress,especially at high levels,can easily harm our memory and destroy our cognitive skills._20_You can do this by thi

40、nking,taking a walk to reduce your stress.A.Therefore,dont sit for a long time.B.So slow down,and ease yourself into doing something.C.But dont play for a long time,because too much can be bad for you.D.So put on your shoes,go outside and start working up a good sweat.E.Vegetables and fruits are ben

41、eficial for our body,physically and mentally.F.Its well-known that eating vegetables can help keep your body healthy,including your brain.G.Mnemonic devices are techniques a personcan use to help them remember information better.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C

42、、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Anyone who has ever travelled on airplanes knows how annoying delays(延误)are.Not only do they _21_ us from getting where we need to be _22_,they are also really boring.Thats why some Southwest Airlines employees tried to _23_ their passengers when they were hit with a two-hour

43、delay by holding a(n)_24_ drivers license photo contest(比赛)!Kristen,a passenger,was _25_ at first when her flight was delayed for several hours.However,her anger _26_ when the gate agent announced the start of a(n)_27_ game called“Win a prize forthe worst drivers license picture”.“My flight to Washi

44、ngton,D.C.had been delayed for almost two and a half hours and I was getting heated until this gate agent _28_ playing games with everyone waiting to pass the time,after which I started thinking Ill be willing to _29_ here all night if you keep this up,”Kristen wrote in her post,adding the game was

45、_30_.Kristen,who was _31_ to Washington,D.C.from Orlando to visit friends,praised Southwest Airlines in her post,and someone from the company quickly _32_.“Im glad our agent was able to make the delay a little more _33_ for you all,Kristen!We _34_ to have you on your way as soon as possible,”the spo

46、kesperson said,adding when Kristen asked the company to _35_ the prize to the Orlando-based team,“send over your confirmation,and Ill be sure they get the recognition they deserve!”When Kristen later described her _36_ to reporters,she said _37_ for the worst photos included Southwest products and$2

47、5 vouchers(代金券)toward future flights.“I was really annoyed that the flight kept getting delayed,”Kristen said.“Once he started playing games,I was _38_ and having a great time and didnt even _39_ that the flight was delayed.”No wonder so many people _40_ Southwest!21.A.prevent B.free C.separate D.re

48、scue 22.A.in turn B.on purpose C.on time D.in short 23.A.announce B.entertain C.urge D.drop 24.A.best B.earliest C.largest D.worst 25.A.confused B.angry C.frightened D.patient 26.A.boiled B.returned C.disappeared D.remained 27.A.funny B.final C.different D.important 28.A.considered B.continued C.adm

49、itted D.started 29.A.sleep B.wait C.perform D.work 30.A.amazing B.challenging C.disappointing D.disturbing 31.A.moving B.running C.flying D.driving 32.A.doubted B.decided C.apologized D.replied 33.A.competitive B.bearable C.accessible D.practical 34.A.agree B.regret C.hope D.volunteer 35.A.show B.pr

50、esent C.win D.buy 36.A.imaginations B.condition C.concerns D.experience 37.A.prizes B.plans C.services D.appeals 38.A.waving B.shouting C.laughing D.dancing 39.A.know B.suspect C.mention D.mind 40.A.love B.understand C.need D.follow 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Unl