2021年西安市爱知中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 年西安市爱知中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In the 1994 filmForrest Gump,theres a famous saying,“Life is like a box of chocolates;you never know what youre gonna get.”The surprise is part of the fun.Now blind box toys are bringi

2、ng the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging but invisible from the outside.You dont know what will be inside,although the toys typically come from pop culture,ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were firs

3、t introduced fromJapantoChinain 2014.According to a 2019 Tmall report,the mini-series of Labubu blind box,designed byHong Kong-born Kasing Lung,was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event.Most customers for blind boxes are young people ag

4、ed 18 to 35.According to The Paper,blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances.The typically cute cartoon figurines come in miniature sizes,making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations,the mystery and uncertain

5、ty of the process also attracts people.Its the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,”said Miss Cao,24,who lives and works inShenyang.Speaking to Sina News,she said:“Until you open all the boxes,you cannot know what

6、it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives,something small but fun to wait for each day,week or month.When people open this simple little box,they may be disappointed,but the uncertainty is part of the fun.People will open more blind boxes and hope

7、for a better outcome.When someone re-makesForrest Gump,dont be surprised if he says,“Life is like a blind box.”1.Why is the famous saying in the filmForrest Gumpquoted at the beginning?A.To arouse the readers interest.B.To present the writers view.C.To introduce the topic.D.To highlight the fun of b

8、lind boxes.2.Which of the following is the main feature that makes blind box so popular?A.Miniature sizes.B.Cute appearances.C.Fear of the unknown.D.Mystery and uncertainty.3.What can we learn from the passage?A.Blind box became popular in 2019 after being first introduced fromJapantoChina.B.Blind b

9、ox toys typically originated in pop culture,varying from movies to cartoons.C.Blind box toys was designed and named by Hong Kong-born Kasing Lung.D.When people open this simple little box,they will feel disappointed.B With their tiny brains and excellent ability to memorize nectar locations,honeybee

10、s are a favorite model organism for studying learning and memory.Such research has indicated that to form long-term memoriesones that last a day or morethe insects need to repeat a training experience at least three times.By contrast,short-and mid-term memories that last seconds to minutes and minut

11、es to hours,respectively,need only a single learning experience.Exceptions to this rule have been observed,however.For example,in some studies,bees formed long-lasting memories after a single learning event.Such results are often regarded as circumstantial anomalies,says Martin Giurfa of the Univers

12、ity of Toulouse.But the anomalous findings,together with research showing that fruit flies and ants can form long-term memories after single experiences,aroused Giurfas curiosity.Was it possible that honeybees could reliably do the same?Giurfa reasoned that the ability to form long-term memories mig

13、ht depend on the particular type of bee and the experience.Within a honeybee colony,there are nurses,who clean the hive and feed the young;guards,who patrol and protect the hive;and foragers,who search for nectar.While previous studies have tested bees as a whole,Ciurfa and his colleagues focused on

14、 foragers,tasking them with remembering an experience relevant to their role:an odor associated with a sugary reward.The researchers observed that a single exposure to a reward-paired odor was enough for most forager bees to remember that specific odor the following day.Many foragers could even reme

15、mber the odor three day later.The results do not mean that all prior research was wrong,says Andr Fiala of the University of Gttingen.“People have done the experiments in a different way.”Still,the new results do show that“the commonly held belief that one needs multiple training trials to achieve l

16、ong-term memory is not always true,”he says,and this“really advances the field.”4.What does the author want to tell us through Paragraph 1?A.A model for memory research.B.The classification of memories.C.New research on learning and memory.D.Previous findings on memory formation.5.Which factor might

17、 influence a bees memory of an experience,according to Giurfas research?A.Whether the bees role is related.B.Whether the bee is introduced or native.C.How often the bee repeats the experience.D.How long the bee is exposed to the reward.6.What is Andre Fialas attitude towards the new results?A.Doubtf

18、ul.B.Favorable.C.Intolerant.D.Unclear.7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.Learning and Memory:How Honeybees Remember B.Honeybee Memory:Honeybee Knows What to Do C.Honeybees Remember after Just One Lesson D.Honeybees Use Memory for Communication C Self-esteem is an abstract co

19、ncept,which refers to peoples beliefs about their own worth and value.American psychologist Abraham Maslow thought self-esteem was a basic human need and included self-esteem in his hierarchy of human needs.He described two different forms of“esteem”:the need for respect from others in the form of r

20、ecognition,success,and admiration,and the need for self-respect in the form of self-love,self-confidence,and skill.Respect from others was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self-esteem.According to Maslow,without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need,individuals will be driven

21、 to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-realization.Basically,high self-esteem is achieved through a series of real accomplishments,which is good for people.However,the excessive high self-esteem,based more on a sense of entitlement than on any accomplishment,is considered to be less psycholo

22、gically healthy.And just as self-esteem can be too high,it can also be“under-inflated”.Those having poor self-esteem do have a basis for feeling good about themselves but they may not recognize their accomplishments and actions as meaningful.To appreciate what it would be like to have high self-este

23、em,one can consider how they may feel about things in their lives that they value.For instance,some people really like cars.They take good care of their cars.They may even decorate the car and then show it off to other people with pride.Similarly,people with high self-esteem love,care for and feel p

24、roud of themselves.Take children for example.When they have high self-esteem,they believe they are valuable and important.They enjoy different activities and can handle criticism easily without taking it personally.People need to develop positive self-esteem.This can convince them they deserve happi

25、ness.Besides,the development of positive self-esteem increases the capacity to treat other people with respect,thus favoring a variety of interpersonal relationships and avoiding destructive ones.8.What can we infer from Abraham Maslows theory about self-esteem?A.Self-esteem ensures us a successful

26、life.B.Self-esteem is essential to self-realization.C.Self-esteem means little to psychological health.D.Others respect is more important than self-respect.9.What does the underlined word“under-inflated”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Adequate.B.Insufficient.C.Moderate.D.Lifelong.10.How does the author explai

27、n the feelings of having high self-esteem?A.By giving examples.B.By analyzing causes.C.By providing figures.D.By making contrasts.11.Which of the following does the author support?A.Self-esteem ultimately leads to happiness.B.Self-esteem earns you respect from others.C.Positive self-esteem benefits

28、peoples social lives.D.Positive self-esteem helps people out of difficulties.D A lot of us lose lifes tough battles by starting a frontal attackwhen a touch of humor might well enable us to win Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hita traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receivin

29、g an ultimatum about beinglate on the job Although there was a good reason for Sams a being lateserious illness at homehe decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldnt work any longerHis supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech Yes，the boss wasSam entered th

30、e office at 9：35The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at workSams supervisor came up to himSuddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand“How do you do！”he said“Im Sam Maynard Im applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes agoDoes the early bird

31、get the worm？”The room exploded in laughterThe supervisor“clamped off”a smile and walked back to his officeSam Maynard had saved his jobwith the only tool that could win，a laugh Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives It can be used

32、for patching up differences，apologizing，saying“no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losingfaceFor some jobs，its the only tool that can succeedIt is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrelFor example，many believe that comedian

33、s on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerancethan people in any other forum 12.Why was Sam late for his job？A.Because he was ill B.Because he got up late C.Because he was caught in a traffic jam D.He was busy applying for a new job 13.The main idea of this passage is _ A.Sa

34、m Maynard saved his job with humor B.humor is important in our lives C.early bird gets the worm D.humor can solve racial discriminations 14.The phrase“clamped off”in Paragraph 3 means _ A tried to hold back B.tried to set C.charged D.gave out 15.Which of the following statements can we infer from th

35、e passage？A.Many lose lifes battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor B.It wasnt the first time that Sam came late for his work C.Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30 D.Humor is the most effective way of solving problems 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两

36、项为多余选项 Do you love fashion?Do you wonder where you can study and how the job market looks?_16_?Read on to find the answers.Best Place to Study Fashion WhileParis may be the capital of the couture market,New York City is the fashion capital of the world.New York City is a city that involves change,an

37、d fashion is ever changing.What does this mean for a fashion student?It doesnt get any better.Streets,not Textbooks Fashion is something that you learn.You are not born with good taste._17_When we discuss window design.We just walk down the street and look at the windows.What the Program Offers _18_

38、This prepares the student to“hit the ground running in the fashion industry.Some of the necessary technical courses include product lifecycle planning,advanced textiles,global sources,technology courses,computer aided design programs and JDA._19_ When you consider fashion as a business and are not j

39、ust dealing with design,you become more flexible and open to a number of positions.Here are a few careers that will be available to you:position in buying,product development specialist and executive trainee positions.What It Takes _20_?Creativity,dream,flexibility and knowledge.A.Where It Leads B.W

40、hich area of fashion should you study C.We focus on fashion marketing and management D.Work experience is necessary to your fashion career E.The program offers business courses as well as fashion courses F.Textbooks become outdated quickly,but fashion changes every season G.What qualities do student

41、s need to be successful in the fashion industry 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Mary and her husband had a dog named“Lucky”.Whenever their friends came for a weekend visit,they would warn them notto leave the_21_open because Lucky would_2

42、2_whatever he likes.However,someone would forget and something would come up_23_.Mary or Jim would go to Luckys toy box in the_24_.There the_25_would be,among Luckys other toys.It happened that Mary found out that she had cancer.Something told her she was going to_26_.The night before she was to go

43、to the hospital,a thought_27_her that she had to leave Lucky.The thought made her_28_than thinking of her own death._29_the day came for Mary to leave the hospital.When she arrived home,Mary was so_30_that she couldnt even go to her bedroom.Jim left her to_31_on the sofa.When Mary woke up,she couldn

44、t understand what was wrong.She couldnt_32_her head and her body.But panic soon gave way to_33_when Mary realized the problem.She was_34_with some toys!While she had slept,the sorrowing dog had made trip after trip to the basement_35_his beloved hostess all his favorite things in life.He had covered

45、 her with his_36_.Mary forgot about dying._37_she and Lucky began living again,_38_further and further together every day.Its been 12 years now and Mary is still_39_.Lucky still steals treasures and hides them in his toy box and Mary remains his greatest treasure.Never forget the people who make a(n

46、)_40_in our lives are the ones that care for us.If you see someone without a smile today,give them one!Live simply.Love seriously!21.A.box B.luggage C.wallet D.door 22.A.steal B.swallow C.play D.protect 23.A.broken B.dirty C.missing D.present 24.A.bedroom B.kitchen C.yard D.basement 25.A.treasure B.

47、food C.gift D.blanket 26.A.recover B.die C.survive D.suffer 27.A.defeated B.prevented C.struck D.influenced 28.A.prouder B.happier C.angrier D.sadder 29.A.Finally B.Gradually C.Particularly D.Normally 30.A.excited B.sad C.tired D.frightened 31.A.rest B.sleep C.wait D.calm 32.A.move B.control C.feel

48、D.shake 33.A.anger B.disappointment C.excitement D.laughter 34.A.surrounded B.covered C.provided D.moved 35.A.returning B.hiding C.bringing D.taking 36.A.life B.love C.joy D.sadness 37.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Thus 38.A.living B.walking C.rushing D.studying 39.A.weak B.humorous C.healthy

49、D.hopeful 40.A.difference B.agreement C.promise D.decision 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chinese scientists have created the worlds first light-based quantum(量子)computer,called Jiuzhang,which can_41._(reliable)show“quantum computational advantage”.It can solve a pro

50、blem much more quickly than any classical supercomputer,according to a study_42._(publish)in the journal Science on Friday.It is the second time that humanity_43._(reach)this milestone(里程碑).However,Jiuzhang used a new method oi using 76 photons(光子)to do calculations instead of Googles,which uses sup