初中英语外研版必修四短语重点句.pdf

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1、Book 4 Module 1.1.have no alternative but(=have no choice but)with+宾语+介词短语除外别无选择;只要30.place an order订购2.alternative energy可代替能源31.carry out an operation做手术3.an alternative plan替代方案32.be optimistic about.对乐观的4.load with sth.给 装某物33.in shape处于良好状态,在形状上load the truck with coal给汽车装上煤34.in the shape of以.

2、形状;呈形5.be on fire着火(强调状态)35.out of shape变形,走样6.catch fire失火(强调动作,无被动语态)36.look out！小心，当心7.set fire to sth放火烧某物Watch out!;Be careful!Take care!mand sb to do sth命令某人做某事37.for a start首先mand that(that 从句中要用 should+动38.to start with=to begin with首先,第一词原形,should 可省略)39.from the start10.free of charge免费,不花

3、钱=from the beginning从开头,从开始11.in charge of负责，管理40.on the way out即将被淘汰;即将过时12.in the charge of由负责41.canttoo 或 nevertoo“不可能太.”,13.take charge of负责管理,负责照顾“再怎么.也不过分”14.be charged with充满42.Not all=Allnot并非所有的15.attach sth to sth把某物固定/附在某物上Module 216.attach oneself to参加;和在一起,缠着1.be on display展览17.be attac

4、hed to连在上;附属于.;be on show系在上be on exhibition18.attach importance/value to sth.2.permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事认为某事很重要/有价值3.permit doing sth允许做某事19.for sure肯定地,有把握地4.provide sb with sth为某人提供某物20.sb.is sure to do sth某人一定/肯定做某事provide sth for sb21.be sure+that-clause确信,相信5.sth impress sb某物给某人留下影响22.make su

5、re of/about sth确保sb be impressed by23.make sure+that-clause确保6.impress sth on sb使某人铭记24.sb.run out of sth某人用完了某东西=impress sb with sth25.sth.run out某物用完了(没有了)7.sth is impressed on ones mind26.rely on/upon依靠,信赖;取决于某事被印在脑海里27.rely on it that指望.,对不怀疑8.have/leave/make/aimpression on sb28.get rid of=ridof

6、摆脱,丢掉;除去,赶走,消给某人留下的印象灭9.be convenient to sb对某人方便29.with+复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有:10.It is convenient for sb对某人方便with+宾语+现在分词(强调宾语是现在分11.It is convenient to do sth做某事方便词动作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行)12.be convenient for sth对某事方便with+宾语+过去分词(强调宾语是过去分13.get around=get about到处旅游;词动作的承受者或动作已经发生)四处走动with+宾语+形容词(强调宾语的特性和状14.be

7、 connected to/with与.相连,接通态)15.be stuck in困住,动不了with+宾语+副词16.get dressed穿衣with+宾语+不定式(不定式动作尚未发生)get washed洗脸getlost迷路4.involve sb in允许某人参与get married结婚5.involve oneself in积极参与get charged充电6.be/get involved in被卷入到.之中get separated被分散7.more than不仅仅17.in no time马上,一会儿more than 100=over 100,超过 10018.on ti

8、me按时more than surprised十分/非常 吃惊in time及时more than与其说不如说(强调前者)19.once upon a time从前He was more an artist than a writer.20.at the same time与此同时8.on guard(保持)警惕;值班,站岗at one time曾经,一度,从前有个时期9.on holiday度假at no time决不,在任何时候都不on leave休班21.be worth doing值得做.on duty值班be worth+n.=be worthy of+n10.hold up举起,抬

9、起,承受住,支撑sth.is worth doing=sth is worthy of being11.hold back阻挡done=sth is worthy to be donehold on等会儿,坚持22.“祈使句+and+简单句”可以改为 if 条件hold out维持句12.give away泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠Think hard,and youll have an idea.使劲想13.give off发出(烟、光、热、气味等)你 就 会 有14.give out发出;放出(消息、声音等);用完,主意。耗尽23.“祈使句+or+简单句”也可以改为 if 条15.

10、mind reader能看透别人心思的人件句16.make a deal达成协议,做成交易Listen to me,or you wont understand.=?municate with sb和某人交流24.under construction正在建设之中18.be busy with sth忙于某事25.be limited to局限于.19.shake hands with sb和某人握手26.in rush hours处于交通高峰期20.stare at sb/sth注视着某人/某物27.react to对产生反应21.stare into the distance凝视着远方rea

11、ct with sth.与某物起（化学）反应22.request sb to do sth要求某人做某事28.occur to sb(主意或想法突然)浮现与脑中,23.request that sb(should)do要求某人做某事被想起,被想到24.do sb a favour帮某人一个忙29.It occurs to sb to do sth某人想到25.ask sb a favour请某人帮个忙It occurs to sb that26.in favour of赞成30.have sth done请别人做某事27.lift up举起;太高;吊起31.keep cool保持冷静28.up

12、 and down上上下下keep quiet保持安静up and down前前后后keep still不动up and down处处keep silent保持沉默=here and there32.no way肯定不,没门儿up and down来来往往（用于句首时，句子要倒装）29.by accident偶然地,无意地Module 3Module 41.vary in在方面不同1.experiment with sth.用某物实验2.vary fromto从.到变化2.experiment on sth.对某物进行实验3.vary with随着.而变化,因.而不同3.carry outpe

13、rformconductan experiment 做实验domake4.make a breakthrough取得重大突破(进展)5.convert A into/to B把 A 转换成 B6.take the place of=replace取代,代替7.in place of取代,代替(介词短语)8.instead of代替,而不是(介词短语)9.a quantity of+不可数名词,谓语动词用单数10.quantities of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数quantities of+不可数名词,谓语动词用复数11.bring up抚育;教养,呕吐,提出(话题等)12.bring d

14、own降低bring about导致,引起bring back归还;恢复;回想bring in赚(钱);带进;传入13.search for寻找14.search sb/sp搜查某人或某地15.in search of寻求/寻找16.as a result of由于.的结果as a result因此,结果17.owing tothanks to由于due tobecause of18.the key to的关键the answer to the question问题的答案notes to the text课文注释an end to the meeting会议的结束the entrance to

15、 the building大厦的入口19.export sth to出口某物到20.the second most important第二重要的21.be interested in对感兴趣22.graduate from.从.(地方)毕业23.escape from(out of)+sp.从某地逃脱;逃走escape from reality逃避现实24.have a narrow escape九死一生25.a fire escape紧急出口;安全门26.clear up(天气)放晴;整理;收拾27.be known for因.而出名/闻名be known an以而知名,著称be known

16、 to为所知28.earn ones living谋生=make a livingget/gain a living谋生比较：live/lead alife过着.的生活e to power掌权;执政30.take power取得政权in power当权,执政out of ones power不能胜任,力所不及=beyond ones power31.It is possible that.可能32.Its certain that.一定.=sb/sth is certain to doIts certain that youll succeed.=?33.Its likely that可能.=

17、sb/sth is likely to doIts likely that he is doing his homework.=34.It seems that好像=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows the secret.=?35.at war在交战中36.be diagnosed with被诊断出,患有37.become the voice of成为的代言人38.partly because of一部分因为Module 51.surround sb withsb用某人包围某人be surrounded by sb被某人所包围in the sur

18、rounding在周围环境2.a narrow escape九死一生3.in the distance在远处,在远方from a distance从一定距离,从远处at a distance在一定距离处,隔一段距离keep sb at a distance对某人冷淡;与某人保持距离4.at the edge of在的边缘（侧重于在边缘点上）on the edge of 在边缘上（侧重在边缘较广阔的地域）5.at least=at the least至少6.not in the least=not all一点也不7.at most=at the most至多8.be heavy with有大量的

19、9.make a detour绕道而行10.have four weeks off休四周假11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.go through穿过;经历forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事forbid doing sth禁止做某事require to do sth要求去做某事require sb to do sth要求某人去做某事require that sb(should)do sth要求某人做某事sth

20、require doing某物需要被做=sth require to be doneon the spot在现场,当场rip off敲竹杠;敲诈rip sth off偷窃,盗取get a kick out of从中得到乐趣enjoy doing喜欢干.be fond of喜欢.go in for爱好,从事Module 6Module 6attack sb with sth用某物攻击某人be attacked with a disease患/害病make an attack on/upon对发动攻击a heart attack心脏病突发come into existence开始存在;形成;成立c

21、alm down(使)安静下来sb.is unlikely to某人不可能It is unlikely that不可能be likely to.可能be related to与有关,与有联系There happens to be碰巧有There appears to be似乎有There seems to be好像有have the fortune(luck)to do sth幸好(幸运)做某事make a fortune发财try ones fortune碰碰运气die out(家族、物种)灭绝;灭亡;(习俗等)渐渐消失(火)逐渐熄灭throw light on帮助弄清楚;阐明某事come

22、to light暴露,被发现,表现出来bring to light让人知道,公布于世come straight to the point谈正题;开门见山be on the point of正要go for适用于,应用于;喜欢,偏爱adapt oneself to使自己适应于24.according to根据25.be connected with与.有关系26.in order to=so as to为了本模块重点语法一情态动词+have+p.p.用法归纳1.must have done sth.肯定做了某事(表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断)He knew the film.He must h

23、ave seen it.2.may/might have done可能/大概已经做了某事表示对过去情况的可能性推测）Tom may have bought a new pen because Idont see the old one.3.cant/couldnt have done sth.不可能已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的否定性推测）The ground is dry,so it cant have rained last night.4.shouldhave done sth.过去应该做某事（而没做）=ought to have done sthYou are late.You sho

24、uld have come 1 minuteearlier.5.shouldnt have done sth.过去不该做某事（却做了）=oughtnt to have done sth.She is crying.You shouldnt have told her thesad news.6.could have done sth.本来能够做（却没有做某事）7.neednt have done sth.原来不必做某事（却已经做了）Tom has bought a new pen.You neednt havelent him your pen.8.would rather have done sth.本来想做某事（却未做成）I would rather have come to help you with yourEnglish,but I was too busy at that time.二、情态动词表推测的其他用法1、情态动词+动词原形 表示对现在或将来情况的推测2、情态动词+be doing表示对现在或将来在进行的情况进行推测3、情态动词+have been doing表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测