2021届临川市第三中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案.pdf

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1、2021 届临川市第三中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Unique Lighthouses August 7 is National Lighthouse Day.Its a day to celebrate the lights that guide us home and the historic importance of lighthouses and their keepers,who not only guid

2、ed ships into harbor but also played key roles in naval battles across the globe.Check out these fantastic lighthouses across the globe as well as recommendations on the best places to stay near them.Cape Byron Lighthouse,Byron Bay,Australia The Cape Byron Lighthouse in Byron Bay,Australia was built

3、 in the early 20th century to help protect the Australian coastline.Today,its a beautiful location to watch the sunrise.Within walking distance is the Watermark,a perfect place to stay and get some much-needed rest and relaxation from daily life.Lighthouse of Chania,Crete,Greece The Lighthouse of Ch

4、ania,Crete is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world,dating back to the sixteenth century.Travelers can take a walk along its long pier(码头)during the sunset.Located near the pier to the lighthouse is a hotel from 1890,which offers beautiful views of the bay.Key West Lighthouse,Key West

5、,Florida,USA The Key West Lighthouse was built in 1825 to help guide ships entering the port.Travelers can enjoy climbing up the lighthouse to reach the wonderful sea views and can stay at the Kimpton Lighthouse Hotel,with easy access to the lighthouse and the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum.Pigeon

6、 Point Lighthouse,Pescadero,California,USA The Pigeon Point Lighthouse in Pescadero,California was built in1871 to help ships navigate(导航)the regions dangerous coastline.Today,the lighthouse is a state landmark,and the quarters where the lighthouse keepers lived have been turned into a hostel,making

7、 it a great home base to explore the outdoors,spot whales and watch the stars.1.Why is National Lighthouse Day celebrated?A.To show the hard life of lighthouse keepers.B.To instruct how to guide ships into harbor.C.To honor lighthouses and their keepers.D.To stress the importance of light.2.Of the f

8、ollowing lighthouses,which is the oldest?A.Cape Byron Lighthouse.B.Lighthouse of Chania.C.Key West Lighthouse.D.Pigeon Point Lighthouse.3.What do the listed lighthouses have in common?A.They are all located in the USA.B.They have becometourist attractions.C.They offer accommodation to visitors.D.The

9、y are good spots to watch the sunrise.B The shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun.But when that single tree is part of a small forest,it creates a considerable cooling effect.According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Scienc

10、es,trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.According to the study,the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit.And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood,even down to the scale of a single city block.“We k

11、new that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside,but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,”says Monica Turner,a professor in the department of Integrative Biology,Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.With climate change making extreme heat events

12、 more common each summer,city planners are working on how to prepare.Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts.One potentially powerful tool,the studys authors say,are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leaf

13、y benefits.And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we live livable.Essentially,says Turner,roads,sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowly release that heat at night.Trees,on the other hand,not only shade those surfaces from the suns rays,they also re

14、lease water into the air through their leaves,a process that cools things down.To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service,the study found that tree cover must be more than 40 percent.In other words,an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy g

15、reen network of branches and leaves.4.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage.B.People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.C.Cities are warmer than the countryside because they dont have trees.D.An area with more trees can

16、 be cooler than the other parts within a city.5.Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?A.Severe damage of city facilities.B.Serious human health problems.C.Residents growing demands for plants.D.Unnecessary waste of energy resources.6.Why are trees crucial to cities?A.They

17、help shade and cool the cities.B.They make urban scenery beautiful.C.They build up city cooling systems.D.They essentially block and release heat.7.What can city planners conclude from the study?A.They should publish the study in a newspaper.B.They should educate citizens to protect forests.C.They s

18、hould plant trees on roads and sidewalks.D.They should cover nearly half the city with trees.C According to the study posted onScienceDirect,gardening just two to three times a week increase the benefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why resid

19、ents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized any health benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK,with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardeners responding.Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）,frequency of gardeni

20、ng and individual awareness of health and well-being.This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from the survey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden,the greaterthe health benefits,said Royal Horticultural Society(RHS)lead author Dr La

21、uriane Chalmin-Pui.In fact,gardening every day has the same positive impact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening,our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us.Gardening takes our attention away from ourselves and our stresses

22、,therefore,it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health,however,was not the main motive power to garden,but rather the direct pleasure gardening brought to the participants.Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesnt feel as exhausting and hard as going to

23、the gym,for example,but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy,Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment,so people who like gardening may be easy to be addicted to it.However,this sometimes may become a piece of good news,from the aspect of mental health.We hope all the

24、 millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it.Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.8.What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A.Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C.Health benefits fro

25、m frequent gardening.D.Too much gardening always does harm to health.9.What does the underlined word expend mean in paragraph 7?A.Consume.B.Make use of.C.Increase.D.Save.10.Why do so many participantslike gardening?A.It isnt exhausting.B.It is good for health.C.It brings pleasure.D.It is like going

26、to the gym.11.What is Chalmin-Puis attitude to the new gardeners gardening?A.Carefree.B.Supportive C.Tolerant.D.Indifferent.D Howdo you turn“dumb”headphones into smart ones?Rutgers engineers have invented a cheap and easy way by transforming headphones into sensors that can be plugged into(插入)smartp

27、hones,identify their users monitor their heart rates and perform other services.Their invention,called HeadFi,is based on a small plug-in headphone adapter that turns a regular headphone into a sensing device(装置).Unlike smart headphones,regular headphones lack sensors.HeadFi would allow users to avo

28、id having to buy a new pairof smart headphones with sensors to enjoy sensing features.“HeadFi could turn hundreds of millions of existing,regular headphones worldwide into intelligent ones with a simple upgrade(升级),”said Xiaoran Fan,a HeadFi primary inventor.A Rutgers-led paper on the invention,whic

29、h results in earable intelligence,will be formally published in October at MobiCom 2021,the top international conference on mobile computing and mobile and wireless networking.Headphones are among the most popular wearable devices worldwide and they continue to become;more intelligent as new functio

30、ns appear,such as touch-based gesture control,the paper notes.Such functions usually rely on aiding sensors,such as accelerometers,gyroscopes and microphones that are availableon many smart headphones.HeadFi turns the two drivers already inside all headphones into a versatile(多功能的)sensor,and it work

31、s by connecting headphones to a pairing device,such as a smartphone.It doesnt require adding aiding sensors and avoids changes to headphone hardware or the need to customize headphones,both of which may increase their weight and size.By plugging into HeadFi,a converted headphone can perform sensing

32、tasks and play music at the same time.The engineers conducted experiments with 53 volunteers using 54 pairs of headphones with prices ranging from$2.99 to$15,000.HeadFi can achieve 97.2 percent to 99.5 percent accuracy on user identification,96.8 percent to 99.2 percent on heart rate monitoring and

33、97.7 percent to 99.3 percent on gesture recognition.12.What does Xiaoran Fan think of HeadFi?A.Secure to operate.B.Simple to use.C.Easy to substitute.D.Convenient to store.13.What can we know about HeadFi according to the text?A.It cant work with headphones alone.B.It actually functions as a versati

34、le sensor.C.It makes headphones larger and heavier than usual.D.It doesnt work when headphones are playing music.14.The figures are listed in the last paragraph mainly to show_.A.the various functions of HeadFi B.the wide popularity of headphones C.the great complexity of headphones D.the excellent

35、performance of HeadFi 15.What can be the best title for the text?A.How to Use Headphones Appropriately B.Headphones Can Be Upgraded Instantly C.How to Make Regular Headphones Intelligent D.New Uses Have Been Found in Headphones 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Peo

36、ple often want to simplify their lives.It is a lot of stress to have a complicated life,full of schedules,meetings,possessions,and so forth.Usually,a simpler life translates to less anxiety,stress and worry._16_Follow the step-by-step process below to bare down your lifestyle piece by piece.First,ge

37、t rid of all the possessions you havent used in the last year.If you havent put a thing to use in one year,it is probably not worth keeping._17_Put anything you havent used in one year in that bag.Next,manage your social media and electronics usage.We usually spend more time on our devices than we i

38、magine.These days,people can spend the majority of their days on social media and electronic devices.These all-in-one devices are great tools._18_ On a deeper level,we can simplify our thinking.Most of our thinking is not necessary._19_If you do not want to go that far,try to ignore the thoughts tha

39、t are not related to the present.A continuous stream of thoughts is not necessary.Sure,some planning should be done for the future,but there is no need to overthink._20_We can get rid of possessions that are non-essential,manage our social media and electronics usage,and also clean up our thinking s

40、o that we are more in the present and do not engage in unnecessary worry,or anxiety.All these things take energy and time,of which we have only have a limited amount.A.No thought is important.B.Get rid of electronic devices C.So,how do we simplify our lives?D.Is planning our thoughts effort-making?E

41、.Simplifying our lives is a complex task.F.But they should not become the main focus of our life.G.Get a big garbage bag and walk around your living space.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 We bought a microwave last week.Thismay not seem li

42、ke big_21_,but we ve never owned one before.In aNew York Citykitchen with small counter space,a cubic foot is far too_22_to deserve occupation by a single appliance.But the convenience of heating food_23_finally outweighed the convenience of space.So this is a better_24_for us.I have_25_that there a

43、re different types of choices we get in life.The first is the good vs.good variety.That is,both choices will_26_us.Which flavor of ice cream tastes better?Which car do you_27_?Whichever option we select,the worst outcome is that our_28_isnt optimized(使最优化).Not a problem.Next up is good vs.bad.These

44、choices are either_29_or incredibly hard.Often we need to choose between short-term pleasure and long-term good.What feels the best today may be_30_five years from now,and whats the hardest at the moment may be whats optimal for the future.Good vs.bad choices_31_insight(洞察力)and sticking to our_32_ .

45、Finally theres the least-worst option situation,where every possibility is_33_,and we have to_34_which is least harmful.Do we choose the dangerous operation or likely_35_?In which poor neighborhood do we raise our kids?Sometimes we have to face many_36_of this sort and we must make a choice.My micro

46、wave purchase_37_falls in the good vs.good category_38_I had the privilege of weighing one convenience against another and making a choice.Though I now work around the monster presence in my mini-kitchen,I_39_the benefits it offers.Facing inconvenience is not a problem;how you behave_40_ .21.A.news

47、B.change C.loss D.trouble 22.A.common B.spacious C.precious D.hard 23.A.freely B.effectively C.quietly D.quickly 24.A.chance B.choice C.plan D.life 25.A.noticed B.agreed C.doubted D.admitted 26.A.affect B.confuse C.benefit D.inspire 27.A.hate B.prefer C.accept D.make 28.A.pleasure B.experience C.tim

48、e D.fund 29.A.reasonable B.effortless C.right D.wise 30.A.comfortable B.harmful C.dangerous D.important 31.A.turn over B.put on C.call for D.take up 32.A.routines B.dreams C.habits D.values 33.A.painful B.useless C.helpful D.unnecessary 34.A.explain B.show C.decide D.guess 35.A.death B.recovery C.su

49、rvival D.injury 36.A.opportunities B.debates C.dilemmas D.barriers 37.A.hopefully B.finally C.nearly D.clearly 38.A.but B.if C.although D.because 39.A.stress B.enjoy C.ignore D.predict 40.A.works B.succeeds C.fails D.matters 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 As UNEs you

50、ngest ambassador,Chinese singer and actor Wang Junkai attended a UN meeting in Kenya on March 14.He_41._(deliver)a speech in English at the UN Sustainable Fashion Alliance conference.In an interview after the meeting,Wang said that he would like to spread the concept of environmental_42._(protect)ar