2021届上海松江区第二中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届上海松江区第二中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The following 4 famous paintings,from Jan van Eycks portrait to Pablo Picassos masterpiece,have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini Portrait Jan van Eycks Arnolfini Portrait,an oil pa

2、inting on wood produced in 1434,is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London.This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed.It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society,through van Eycks heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in

3、business,wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry Night Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night,oil on canvas,a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village,during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Proven

4、ce,Francebetween 1889 and 1890.When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941,it was not well known,but it has since become one of van Goghs most famous works.The Harvesters The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the El

5、der in 1565.It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September.Nicolaes Jonghelinck,a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp,commissioned this painting.The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.Guernica Gu

6、ernica,a large black-and-white oil painting,was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter,Pablo Picasso in 1937.The title Guernica refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War.The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result,has come to be an anti-war symbol and

7、a reminder of the tragedies of war.Today,the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.1.What do the four paintings have in common?A.They are oil paintings.B.They are kept inNew York.C.They show different peoples lives.D.They are created during 10th century to 19th c

8、entury.2.What do we know about The Starry Night?A.It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.B.Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.C.A private collector gave it away to the museum.D.It was not famous before 1941.3.Whose painting shows the destruction of war?A.Jan van Eyck.B.Vincent va

9、n Gogh.C.Pieter Bruegel.D.Pablo Picasso.B The United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)included on December 17,2020 Chinas Tai Chi on the RepresentativeList of the Intangible（无形的）Cultural Heritage of Humanity.The decision was announced during the online meeting of the U

10、NESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage held from December 14 to19 inKingston,capital ofJamaica.“Born in the mid-17th century in a small village named Chenjiagou located in Central Chinas Henan province,Tai Chi is not only a kind of traditional Wush

11、u integrated with slow movements and deep breathing,but is also deeply rooted in many areas of Chinese culture,such as medicine and philosophy,”Zhu Xianghua says,who is the son of the famous Tai Chi master Zhu Tiancai.Although it has spread to more than 150 countries and regions,attracting more than

12、 100 million people to practice,the idea that Tai Chi is for the elderly has stopped many young people practicing the ancient Wushu.They think of it as a slow exercise,which is specially made and better suited for their grandparents.Instead,many young people are turning to the Indian practice of yog

13、a（瑜伽）to relieve stress,which was placed on the UNESCOs List in 2019.In order to promote Tai Chi,joint efforts have been made from individuals and the Chinese government in the last decades.Xian Jiaotong University requires students to learn Tai Chi.Wang Yunbing,a professor in the universitys sports

14、center,stressed that Tai Chi is not only good physical exercise-researchers from the American College of Rheumatology find that it can help manage several diseases but is also conned ted to ancient Chinese eivilization.Since 2014,the World Tai Chi Championships have been held every two years by the

15、International Wushu Federation.It provides a platform for communication and learning between the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi lovers around the globe.In January 2020,Tai Chi became an official event in the 2026 Dakar Youth Olympic Games.4.What does Zhu Xianghua say about Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A.It o

16、riginated from fast Kung Fu action.B.It was born around the 1750s in a village.C.It is related to other cultural fields ofChina.D.It integrates Chinese medicine and western philosophy.5.Why do some young people choose to practice yoga instead of Tai Chi?A.They think it easier to practice yoga to kee

17、p fit.B.The elderly stop young people practicing Tai Chi.C.They consider Tai Chi is custom-built for old people.D.Yoga was included in the world culture earlier than Tai Chi.6.What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?A.To promote contemporary Chinese civilization.B.To show many efforts made to

18、 popularize Tai Chi.C.To stress the importance of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D.To advise people to practise Tai Chi to cure diseases.7.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCOs List.B.Tai Chi is Competing against Yoga.C.Tai Chi Has Regained populate Globall

19、y.D.Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga.C Jeff Bezos,Elon Musk and Richard Branson have a combined net worth of 400 billion,roughly the size of the GDP of the entire nation of Ireland.And all three men have decided to put vast sums of their wealth into chasing their space travel dreams,creat

20、ing a modern space race in which ultra rich men rather than countries shoot for the stars.But why the three billionaires choose the crazy plan?Just for the travel dreams?Its not that simple.As we all know,the space travel is a mirror of comprehensive national strength,whether its the cold war or the

21、 present.The first space racespannedmultiple presidents and premiers Kennedy,Krushchev,Brezhnev,Nixon.It made heroes of astronauts and cosmonauts,and it focused national prides.But obviously,this years race between the billionaires features none of that national pride or opposing ideas.Its tax avers

22、e tycoons(大亨)who want to sell high priced tickets to rich people interested in experiencing weightlessness.Amazons Bezos has said he is funding his portion by selling off large chunks of his Amazon stock(股票)1 billion or more a year.What are the odds?If anyone is taking bets on how this will end,and

23、who will have the more profitable space tourism business,consider Amazons method of making very little profit in order to eat up competition.So,from this point of view,whats hiding behind this crazy race is business.As a method of expand influence,it is not a bad idea.Richard Branson has carried out

24、 his plan on July 12,and Jeff Bezos announced that he will start his space travel on July 20.Bezos is getting some good press because hes taking Wally Funk along for the ride.Shes the pilot now in her 80s who was kept out of space in the 1960s because shes a woman.This may be a bonus for him.As for

25、Musk,he thinks these two above are not real space trips,he wants a larger move.Who will win the race in the end?Lets wait and see.8.Which of the following people might be the potential client of the space travel?A.Daisy aged 45 with a heavy debt.B.Clarkson who doesnt enjoy taking risks.C.Billy aged

26、60 with an ample retirement pension.D.Alexander who knows nothing about space travel.9.What stopped Wally Funk flying to space in the 1960s?A.Age.B.Gender.C.Height.D.Disposition.10.What does the author think of the billionaires race?A.Profit driven.B.Meaningless.C.Foolish.D.Generous.11.What does the

27、 underlined word“spanned”in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Revolved.B.Turned down.C.Entered.D.Leapt through.D Las Vegascity inNevadais built in a desert.The city may be known to the outside world for its partying.But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass.The grass is

28、 never laid on,played on or even stepped on.The grass is only there to look nice.Now,the city is asking theNevadastate legislature to ban useless grass.It is trying to become the first place inAmericato ban that kind of grass often seen between streets,in housing developments and in office parks.It

29、is estimated that useless grass makes up 40%of all the grass inLas Vegasand it needs a lot of water to survive.Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus.By tearing out the grass,the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.In 2003,the Southern Nevada Water Authority ba

30、nned developers from planting grass in front of new homes.It also offered homeowners$30 for each square meter of grass they tear out.But fewer people are now using the program.Water usage has increased in southernNevadaby 9%since 2019.And last year,Las Vegaswent a record 240 days without major rainf

31、all.The Colorado River provides much ofNevadas drinking water.The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.Water officials in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced.But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones inLas Vegasif their communities do not accept them.C

32、ynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city ofPhoenixinArizona.“There might come a point when city restrictions get too severe for some residents.Theyll say that is the point of no return for them,”Campbellsaid.“For some people,its a pool.For some people,its grass.”12.Why doesLas Veg

33、ascity try to ban useless grass?A.To protect the local people.B.To beautify the city.C.To reduce water usage.D.To reduce waste.13.What program was carried out inLas Vegasin 2003?A.Allowing planting grass before new houses.B.Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.C.Praising those who signed on t

34、he program.D.Awarding those who reduced water usage.14.What is implied inCampbells words in the last paragraph?A.Many residents wont follow the ban.B.Reaction to the reform will vary personally.C.Other measures should be taken to protect wetter.D.Water officials should take many factors into account

35、.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Las VegasPlans to Ban Useless Grass B.A Method Is Adopted to SaveLas Vegas C.Choices between Beauty and Practice D.Grass Is Important but Useless inLas Vegas 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 About one hundred years ago man

36、y educated people learned and spoke French when they met people from other countries.Today most people speak English when they meet foreigners._16_There are more people who speak English as a second language than people who speak English as a first language.Why is this?_17_One of them is that Englis

37、h has become the language of business.Another important reason is that popular American culture(like movies，music，and McDonalds)has quickly spread throughout the world._18_ Is it good that English has spread to all parts of the world so quickly?_19_Its important to have a language that the people of

38、 the earth have in common.Our world has become veryglobal and we need to communicate with one another.On the other hand，English is a fairly complicated language to learn and it brings its culture with it.Do we really need that?Scientists have already tried to create an artificial language that isnt

39、toodifficult and doesnt include any one groups culture.It is called Esperanto._20_Maybe the popularity of English wont last that long either.Who knows?There are more people in the world who speak Chinese than any other language.Maybe someday Chinese will be the new international language.A.People li

40、ke English.B.But it hasnt become popular.C.It has brought its language with it.D.There is no doubt about the question.E.This is why English was widely spoken.F.It has become the new international language.G.There are many reasons why English has become so popular.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小

41、题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 In the 1960s,Douglas McGregor,one of the key thinkers in the art of management,developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y.Theory X is the idea that people instinctively dislike work and will do anythingto_21_it.Therefore most people must

42、be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives.Theory Y is the view that everyone has the_22_to find satisfaction in work.Both of them are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation,and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidi

43、ty(僵化）of the model.In any case,despite so much evidence to the_23_,many managers still agree to Theory X.They believe,_24_,that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively,or that decisions must be imposed fromabove without_25_.This,of course,makes for autocratic(专制的)ma

44、nagers.Different cultures have different ways of managing people.Unlike_26_management,some cultures,particularly in Asia,are well known for the consultative_27_of decision-makingall members of the department or work group are asked to_28_to this process.This is management by the collective opinion.M

45、any western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things,which are based on general_29_.Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional_30_managers cannot.A recent trend has been t

46、o_31_employees to use their own initiative,to makedecisions on their own without asking managers first.This empowerment(授权)has been part of the trend towards downsizing:_32_the number of management layers in companies.After de-layering in this way,a company may be_33_with just a top levelof senior m

47、anagers,front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.Empowerment takes the idea of delegation(委托)much further than has_34_been the case.Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to_35_that the overall business plan is being followed,and that operations

48、become more profitable under the new organization,_36_less.Another trend is off-site or_37_management,where teams of people_38_by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses.Project managers_39_the performance of the team members_40_what they produce for projects,rather than the a

49、mount of time they spend on them.21.A.neglect B.avoid C.overwhelm D.emphasize 22.A.potential B.privilege C.principle D.perseverance 23.A.contrary B.measure C.extent D.extreme 24.A.vice versa B.by coincidence C.for instance D.or else 25.A.procedure B.consultation C.submission D.regulation 26.A.irrepl

50、aceable B.ridiculous C.democratic D.authoritarian 27.A.domain B.nature C.quantity D.alternative 28.A.sacrifice B.subscribe C.contribute D.cater 29.A.approval B.objection C.election D.practice 30.A.aggressive B.superior C.experienced D.male 31.A.infuse B.persuade C.urge D.expose 32.A.estimating B.red