牛津版高中英语模块六Unit 1-4语言点.pdf

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1、牛津高中英语模块六语言点Unit 1Laughter is good for you一、Reading1.stand up for sth:支持，维护We should strive to stand up for our right.2.stage:n.舞台，阶段，时期be on the stage:在舞台上；当演员，登台表演go on the stage:上舞台，当演员on stage:在舞台上at a early stage:在早期 One minute on the stage and ten years of practice off the stage.She wanted to

2、go on the stage from an early age.他从小就相当演员。We watched them from afar,and admired them only on screen and on stage.我们远远的注视他们，只能通过荧屏或舞台钦慕他们的风采。The babies develop quickly at an early stage.3.variety:n.(1)变化，多样性Ua life lacking variety.(2)种类，各种各样a variety of sth:各种各样的varieties of sth:He left for a variet

3、y of reasons.In the green grocers there are varieties of greens.菜市场里有各种各样的蔬菜。The varieties of goods in this supermarket are rich.4.behave well/badly:行为表现好坏behave oneself:行为表现好 He behaves badly all the time.Children,please behave yourself.5.tease sb/make fun of sb:取笑，嘲弄Dont take what he said seriousl

4、y,she is just teasing you.别拿他的话当真，他只是在取笑你。6.trip over sth:被绊倒trip sth(up):绊倒 She tripped over a cat and fell down.He tried to trip me but in vain.7.get ones start:挣得第一桶金howl with laughter:哈哈大笑He got his start in the business and howled with laughter.8.have affection for sth:喜爱，钟爱He has great affecti

5、on for his work.9.later on:后来，过些时候10.such:adj.那样的，这样的，如此的such 与数词或不定代词 any，some，all，no 等连用时放在它们之后；与不定冠词连用时，放在不定代词之前。例如：There is no such thing as a free lunch.You gave me such a flight.11.live:adj.&adv.现场直播的地 a live program.The concert was broadcast live on TV.12.well:adv.(1)充分地，彻底地；(2)相当地，远远地，颇，很 Th

6、e pan must be dried well before you put it away.He looks well over 40.他看上去远远地超过 40 岁。二、Word power有关笑的谚语有关笑的谚语1.laugh ones head off:大笑不止2.smile on sb:有利于，垂青，带来好运3.have the last laugh/He who laughs last laughs best:笑到最后，笑得最好4.no laughing matter:严肃的事，不是闹着玩的5.laughing stock:笑柄6.laugh in ones face:当面嘲笑某人

7、7.be all smiles:满脸堆笑三、Grammar1.participate in sth:参加，参与participation:pa:tisipein n.U参加，参与(in)participant:pa:tisip nt n.参加者，参与者 The whole class are participating the discussion.We want more participation in the decision-making process.2.drive sb away:赶跑drive(sb)off:驾车离开；赶走击退drive sth up:迫使上涨 Your ang

8、er will drive him away.After the accident,the other car drove off.We keep dogs in the yard to drop off the intruders(非法闯入者).The oil shortage drove gas prices up by 20 cents a gallon.3.guarantee:(1)vt.担保，保证；保修，包换guarantee sth:保证，担保guarantee to do sth:保证做.guarantee that:保证.guarantee sb sth:保证某人 guaran

9、tee your safety/your debt.保证你的安全担保你的债务 We guarantee to deliver the package within one week.These days getting a degree(学位)will guarantee you a good job.The radio is guaranteed for a year.收音机保修一年。(2)n.保修单期；保证；担保（物）there is no guarantee that:无法保证不一定There is no guarantee that it will be a nice weather

10、tomorrow.4.instruct:vt.命令，指示；传授，告知instruction:n.命令，指示；传授，使用说明instructive:adj.有教育意义的，启发性的instruct sb to do sth:命令指示某人做instruct sb in sth:传授某人instruct(sb)that:告知某人 I have instructed him to keep the door locked.All our staff have been instructed in sign language.我们所有的员工都被教授了手语。We are instructed by our

11、client that you owe them 300.我们的委托人通知我们说你欠他们300 英镑。5.take on sb/sth:雇佣；呈现；承担take on some staff.雇佣一些员工take on a puzzled look.呈现困惑的神色take on a challenging task.承担挑战性的任务6.move on to(doing)sth:开始做；换话题Can we move on to a new topic?7.polish:n.(1)上光剂，鞋油(2)优雅(3)磨光，擦亮C You should use wax polish on wooden fur

12、niture.你应该在木制家具上打上蜡。Four years of college gave her considerable polish.四年的大学给了她更多的优雅。Give your shoes a polish.把你的鞋子擦一下。vt.polish sth(up):磨光，擦亮polish sth up:改善提高polish sth off:迅速做完 polish(up)the table.Will you polish up this article a bit before we send it to the printer?在这篇文章付印以前，请把它修改一下好吗？We can po

13、lish the job off with the help of the new computer.四、Project1.as if 从句省略如果 as if 引导的从句和主句的主语一致，同时从句中含有be 的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。剩余部分为名词、形容词、介词短语、分词或不定式等。as if 引导的从句是否为虚拟语气，要根据上下文判断。例如：He behaved as if(he was)a fool.The old man lay there as if(he was)dead.Ruby(鲁比)glanced about as if(she was)in search o

14、f something.John paused as if(he was)expecting Mary to speak.They opened their eyes wide as(they were)shocked by the sudden appearance of the lost boy.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the rightdirection.（2003，北京春）A.seeingB.having seenC.to have seenD.to

15、see答案为 D。2.(Page 14,Line 21)mind if I sit down?这是个省略句，完整的句子为would you mind if I sit down?3.please do:好吧，请吧。Would you mind my opening the door?_.A.Yes,open itB.No,you wouldntC.No,go aheadD.Yes,please do(答案为 C)4.make room for sth:为腾出地方Please put away these books and make room for the piano.5.dash:vi.急

16、奔，猛冲n.急奔，猛冲；短跑；破折号dash sth off:匆忙完成 An ambulance dashed to the scene of the accident.救护车风驰电掣地赶往事故现场。She dashed off a letter to her mother.她给母亲匆匆写了一封信。He made a dash for the bus.他猛冲过去追赶汽车。He finished first in the 100-meter dash.他在 100 米短跑中得了第一名。6.tear:(tore,torn)vt.撕，扯tear sth to pieces:把撕成碎片tear sth

17、 apart:tear sth open:撕拆开 The contract(合同)lay on the ground,torn to pieces.He torn the letter open and found a bill of 50 yuan.7.burst:(burst,burst)(1)vi.猛冲；突然出现；爆裂burst in:突然闯入burst into sth:突然起来burst out doing:burst into tears/burst out crying:突然大哭起来 burst into laughter/burst out laughing:突然大笑起来 bu

18、rst into flames:突然起火(2)n.突发，迸发；爆炸；裂口a burst in the water pipea sudden burst of danger:怒火的迸发Unit 2What is happiness to you一、Reading1.be surrounded by/with sth:被包围环绕surrounding:adj.(作定语)附近的，周围的surroundings:n.环境，周围的事物 The house was surrounded by high walls and green trees.The surrounding area is known

19、for its beautiful views.Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.动物园中的动物没有自然环境。2.times:n.时代，时期，日子in modern times:在现代Times are hard for me.我的日子很难。3.by:到时间为止by+现在时间,主句用现在完成时by+过去时间,主句用过去完成时by+将来时间,主句用将来完成时 By this week,we have accomplished 2 projects.By the time he realized his view was w

20、rong,he had nearly finished his essay.He will have been in the army for 10 years by next June.4.apart:adj.&adv.(1)(时间、空间上)相隔，相距 The two houses stand 500m apart.The birthday is only 3 days apart.(2)分离（的）；分开（的）；破裂（的）tell sth apart:区分开fall apart:vi.崩溃，瓦解，散架live apart from sb:与分开住 I cant tell the twins

21、apart.When his wife left him,his world just fall apart.We are living apart from our parents.5.apart from sth:(1)(=except)除以外(2)(=besides)除以外也 All the articles are good apart from this one.Apart from their houses in London,they also have a villa(别墅)in Spain.6.cost sb sth:使某人付出 The meal cost me 10 dol

22、lars.The scandal(丑闻)cost the girl her career.7.rush sb to sth:把急送in a rush:匆忙地 The patient was rushed to the airport by the ambulance.Those words came out in a rush.8.spirits:n.精神，情绪，心境in high spirits:情绪高昂in low/poor spirits:情绪低落The achievements put us in high spirits.9.appreciation:n.U(1)感激(2)欣赏；鉴定

23、(3)理解in appreciation of sth:以感激 He showed his appreciation for our work.Please accept this gift in appreciation of your help.She showed little appreciation of good music.她感受不到美好音乐的好处。10.cry over/about sth:因为哭泣cry over spilt milk:作于事无补的担忧。As the saying goes,“Its no use crying over spilt milk”.Its stu

24、pid to cry over something unimportant.11.adapt:v.适应；改编adaptation:,dpten n.适应，改编（本）adapt to sth:适应adapt oneself to sth:使某人（自己）适应 adapt a script.改编剧本 Our eyes soon adapted to the dark.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗。She adapted herself to the climate.12.go after sth:追赶；追求，谋求 He went after the burglars.他追赶那些盗贼。He goes a

25、fter every woman he meets.We are both going after the same job.我们俩都谋求得到这份工作。13.heart and soul:adv.全心全意地We must serve the people heart and soul.14.advocate:vt.主张，提倡；拥护advocate(doing)sth:advocate that:Do you advocate banning cars in the city center?I advocate a policy of gradual reform.我拥护逐步改革的政策。The

26、report advocated that we should try our best to protect the environment.二、Grammar1.accompany:vt.(1)陪伴，陪同(2)为伴奏accompaniment:kmpnimnt n.(1)伴奏(2)伴随物，配料accompanist:kmpnist n.伴奏者accompany sb/keep sb company:陪伴to the accompaniment of sb:在伴奏下 Accompanied by his mother,the boy visited many places of intere

27、sts.The singer was accompanied on the piano by his sister.这位歌唱家由他妹妹钢琴伴奏。She left the stage to the accompaniment of loud cheers.她在一片欢呼声中离开了舞台。2.follow the procedures:遵循这些步骤3.to ones relief:使.宽慰的是To our great relief,the children all arrived home safely.4.head for sth/make for sth:去.leave for sth:动身去 I

28、ts getting late;wed better turn and make for home.天晚了，我们最好折回家把。I will leave for the airport this afternoon.5.feel caught between sth:在之间感到左右为难I felt caught between further study and looking for a job when graduating from university.6.It feels like+从句:似乎，感觉好像We just met a couple of days ago,but it fe

29、els like we have known each other for a lifetime.我们几天前才认识，但感觉好像认识了很久。7.quit:(quit,quit/quitted,quitted)vt.&vi.辞去；停止，离开quit doing sth:停止做quit school:辍学quit ones job:辞职quit smoking:戒烟 He got his present job when he quit/quitted the army.他退伍后得到现在这份工作。If I don t get a pay rise,I will quit.三、Project1.ahe

30、ad of sth:(1)在前面(2)比先进，领先 Directly ahead of us is the royal palace.我们正前方就是皇宫。She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她远远领先班级的其他人。2.at this point:在这时，在这一点at that point:在那时，在那一点 Do you have any questions at this point?At that point the road dips into a valley.在那一点，那条路直向山谷伸展。3.(Page 30,Line

31、10)All I had to do was go to school.主语部分含有实义动词do 的适当形式，作表语的不定式常常省略to.What she wants to do is(to)go home and have a good rest.4.feel like sth:摸起来像.；感觉像是feel like doing sth:想要做feel like+从句:感觉好像(like 此时等于 as if 或 as though)This kind of cloth feels like silk.I dont feel like cooking,lets eat out.我不想做饭，我

32、们出去吃吧。I feel like I am going to be sick.我觉得我好想要病了。If felt like a great weight had been lifted from us.我们如释重负。5.(Page 31,Lines 8-10)Humans will have leant to fix many of the problems(1)will have done:将会做过.(将来完成时)We will have taken 5 exams by next Friday.(2)fix/solve sth:解决fix a pany:n.U 陪伴，和他人在一起keep

33、 sb company/accompany sb:陪伴某人enjoy ones company:享受的陪伴；喜欢和在一起in company with sb:和一起 Ill stay here and keep you company.我留下来陪你。I enjoy his company when I am have free time.我闲时喜欢和他在一起。Tom,in company with many others,feel this decision was wrong.汤姆，还有许多人，都认为这个决定是错误的。Unit 3Understanding each other一、Readi

34、ng1.hug:vt.(hugged;hugging)拥抱n.拥抱 give sb a hug=hug sb Jane threw her arms and hugged him tight.Paul gave me a hug and smiled.2.cultural differences:文化差异cultural shock:文化冲突3.ensure sth/that 从句:确保，保证ensure sb sth:保证某人 All the necessary steps have been taken to ensure their safety.I cant ensure that h

35、e will be there on time.This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.4.prohibit:vt.(prohibited;prohibiting)禁止prohibit sb from doing sth:forbid sb from doing sth:禁止某人做forbid sb to do sth:ban sb from doing sth:prohibition:,pruhibin n.(1)U 禁止，阻止(2)C 禁令，禁律 The law prohibits tobacconists from sellin

36、g cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。He was forbidden to talk to her.She has been banned from driving for six months.They voted in favor of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场合抽烟。a prohibition against the sale of firearms.禁止出售火器的禁令。5.adjust:vt.&vi.适应，习惯；调整，调节adjust to(doing)sth

37、:适应习惯adjust sth to sth:调整以适应adjust oneself to sth:使某人自己适应 It took her a long time to adjust to living alone.This kind of desk can be adjusted to the height you need.这种书桌的高度可以按照你的要求调节。He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他很快使自己适应了这个国家的炎热。6.be accustomed to sth:习惯于Accustomed to

38、the city life,the young man has made great progress in his career.7.alike:adj.(不用于名词前)相像的，相同的look alike:看上去相似adv.一样地，相似地 He and his sister are alike/look alike in many ways.在很多方面，他和她妹妹很像。They tried to treat the children alike.8.set off fireworks:燃放烟火9.celebration:n.庆典，庆祝（活动）in celebration of:以庆祝 bir

39、thday celebrations:生日庆典 a party in celebration of their 50th wedding anniversary.10.do without:将就If there is none left,well have to do without.如果没有剩余的，我们只好将就了。二、Grammar1.in ones youth:在年轻时He had been a talented musician in his youth.2.let alone:更不用说（多用于否定句，后接任何词性的词项。）There isnt enough room for us,le

40、t alone six dogs and a cat.I havent decided on the menu,let alone bought the food.我还没决定吃什么菜，更不用说买食物了。I have never thought of it,let alone did I do it.我都没有想到它，更谈不上去做了。3.take up:vt.(1)占用（时间空间）Writing the paper took up most of my spare time.The piano took up too much space.(2)拿起take up arms:拿起武器4.show

41、sb around sth:带领某人参观Shown around the museum by the guide,we then went to the concert.三、Project1.minority:n.少数民族；少数（人）(1)be in the/a minority:占少数Girls are in the minority in our class.(2)表示“少数”时，为集合名词。单独作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体或其中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。如：The minority is subordinate to the majority.少数服从多数。

42、Only a minority of people support the new law.(3)the rights of ethnic minorities:少数民族的权利2.job hunting:求职，找工作job hunter/job seeker:求职者3.feast:n.(1)盛宴，宴会，节日(2)享受；赏心乐事(for)hold a feast:举行盛宴be a feast for sb/sth:是.的享受盛宴The evening concert was a real feast for music lovers/our eyes.v.盛宴款待；享受feast on sth:

43、尽情享用feast ones eyes on sth:尽情欣赏；饱览feast sb with sth:用.款待宴请 They are feasting on the roasted meat.他们正在尽情享用烤肉。She feasted her eyes on the beauty of the valley.她饱览那山谷的美景。They feasted their guests with delicious food.他们用美食招待客人。4.have power over sb/sth:支配，控制Humans can only have power over themselves,not

44、the whole world.Unit 4Helping people around the world一、Reading1.refer:v.(referred;referring)(1)refer to sth/sb:提及，参考；查阅；涉及；指 refer to sth as sth:称为 refer to a dictionary.Although he didnt mention any name,everyone knew who he was referring to.Johnson referred to this discovery as a major breakthroug

45、h.(2)refer sth to sb:把提交给某人（以谋求帮助、指点、行动支持等）refer the patients to the specialist for treatment.把病人交给专科医生治疗。This dispute(争端)was referred to the UN.该项争端已提交给联合国处理。2.ambassador:n.(1)大使(2)使者，代表the ambassador to sth:驻大使 He was appointed as ambassador to the US.他被任命为驻美国大使。The Queen was represented at the fu

46、neral by the British ambassador.英国大使代表女王参加了葬礼。We are dinning the ambassador this week.我们本周宴请大使。3.be honored to do sth:做感到荣幸We are very honored to have you with us.4.assist sb with sth:assist sb(in)doing sth:帮助某人assist sb to do sth:Can I assist you with these parcels?我帮你拿这些包好吗？We asked him to assist

47、us in designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新大桥。He will assist you to complete the task.他将帮助你完成这项任务。5.worthy:adj.(1)值得的(2)值得尊敬的(3)有价值的be worthy of sth:值得sth be worthy of being done:值得sth be worthy to be done:He is worthy of confidence.他值得信任。His advice is worthy of being considered/to be considered.他的建议

48、值得考虑。A worthy suggestion.有价值的建议6.in addition:(=besides)除以外，此外in addition to sth:除以外 You need money and time;in addition,you need diligence.你需要金钱和时间；此外，你还需要努力。She gets various perquisites(津贴)in addition to her wages.7.equal:adj.平等的；相等的；能胜任的n.同等的人；相等物vt.等于，比得上be equal to sth:等于(=equal sth)；能胜任have no

49、equal/be without equal:无与伦比 Equal pay for equal work:同工同酬 One plus two is equal to three./One plus two equals three.He is equal to the task.他能胜任这项工作。Your feelings are always in full display,and once you lose patience,your violence would have no equal.你总是喜形于色，一旦你失去耐心，你的暴力无人能及。8.No one equal him in st

50、rength.Equal the Olympic record:平了奥运会纪录。draw ones attention to sth:使某人注意bring sth ones attention:The victory of fighting the flood has drawn peoples attention to the reconstruction of their homeland.He brought this fact to the peoples attention.9.acquire:vt.(1)(正式)购得，得到(2)掌握，获得(知识，技能等)acquisition:,k