安徽省马鞍山市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练(2).pdf

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1、word 1/10 马鞍山市 2014 高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练2与答案 The time of year a baby is born can shape what profession they will embark on in later life,a new study has suggested.Being born in a certain month appears to indicate the possibility of what job a person will end up with,the study by the Office for National

2、 Statistics found.Researchers have uncovered that the month in which babies are born could also affect everything from intelligence to length of life.A child born in December is more likely to become a dentist while someone whose birthday falls in January will tend to a debt collector,they found.A F

3、ebruary birth appears to increase the chances of being an artist while March babies appear to go on to become pilots.Meanwhile,April and May are said to have a fairly even spread of professions,births in the summer months mean a much lower chance of becoming a high-earning football player,doctor or

4、dentist.The study was gained by researchers who analyzed the birth months of people in 19 separate occupations using information from the last census(人口普查),the Daily Mail reported.Although these trends may be difficult to explain,relations between birth months and specific health problems have a sci

5、entific basis.Spring babies are at greater risk of illnesses including schizophrenia,Alzheimers disease,asthma and autism.They may also be less clever than classmates born in other parts of the year.(:/ebigear /news-115-76605.html)63.What does the underlined phrase“embark on refer to?A.land on B.kee

6、p in touch with C.be engaged in D.break from 64.According to the researchers,a child born in March is likely to become_.A.a debt collector B.a pilot C.a dentist D.an artist 65.We can learn from the text that_.word 2/10 A.the month babies are born could only affect his intelligence and length of life

7、 B.People born in the summer months are more likely to get highly paid C.Spring babies may have the bigger chance to get ill D.the choice of profession for April and May is very narrow 66.What can be included from the passage?A.There exist connections between birth date and occupations B.The fate ha

8、s been already decided when people are born C.People born in Autumn would be more successful than those born in Spring D.The time of year one is born decides which specific health problems one has 参考答案 6366 CBCA*完毕 “If there is one thing Im sure about,it is that in a hundred years from now we will s

9、till be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.The nature of wha

10、t is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our lives the big political stories,the news of the wars,earthquakes and other disasters,will continue much the same.I think there will be more news of scientific research,though.Its already happening in areas that may directly affect ou

11、r lives,like genetic(基因)engineering.In the future,I think there will be more reports of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.Its quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be trans

12、mitted(传送)electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact,Im pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu,making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read sports and international news,etc.I think pe

13、ople have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体).They actually feed off each other.Some people once foresaw word 3/10 that television would kill off newspapers,but that hasnt happened.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or so

14、und lost in the air.And as for the Internet,its never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.67.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Best Way to Get News B.The Changes of Media C.Make Your Own Newspaper D.The Future of Newspaper 68.In the writers opinion,in the future,_.A.more bi

15、g political affairs,wars and disasters will make news B.newspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longer C.newspapers will report more scientific research D.more and more people will watch TV 69.What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?A.Sports and international news.

16、B.A menu of important news.C.The most important news.D.What you are interested in.70.From the passage,we can infer _.A.newspapers will win the competition among the different media B.newspapers will stay with us together with other media C.television will take the place of newspaper D.the writer bel

17、ieve some media will die out 参考答案 6770 DCDB*完毕 动词和动词词组 概述 动词和动词词组的考查是单项填空的重中之重，就 2005 年高考而言，各省、市试卷涉与动词与动词词组的考题大都占到 69 题之多。主要涉与的考点有：常见动词与动词近义词辨析；与物动词常被误为不与物动词；特定语境中常见动词的根本用法和辨析，如：developword 4/10 开展冲洗；meet 见面满足；cover 覆盖涉与等；拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有：hang(hanged 绞死，hung 悬挂)；lay(laid,laid)放置；lie(lied,lied)说慌；lie(

18、lay,lain)平卧等。其中，常见动词与动词近义词辨析是高考动词类的热点问题。热点 1 几个常见的谓语动词 常见动词与其搭配是动词类的热点，非常值得注意。以下归纳几个常见动词，其目的就是要让考生在平时的学习过程中学会不断积累和总结。1.关于 make 1make 当“做、制造解时，可跟双宾语，间接宾语用 for 引导。如：Hell make me a kite.=Hell make a kite for me.他将给我制作一个风筝。2make 通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。如：make a study/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/

19、change/fire/demand/speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference make an explanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apologyto sb make preparations/progress/roomfor sb make ones way/bread tea coffee/up ones mind/no answer(3)make 作使役动词时,表示“使做某事、使成为“，可跟复合结构，其中的宾补可以是：形容词：They are trying to make our countr

20、y beautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽。名词：I would make you king over the earth.我会使你灰飞烟灭地球之王。过去分词：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕？省去 to 的不定式：The boy made faces just to make the other students laugh.这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑。注意：make 在被动语态中一定要接带 to 的不定式。如：No one is ever made to be hero.没有天生的英雄。典例 1The regulations w

21、ere made_ children after the accidents.A.protect B.to protect C.protecting D.to be protected 解析 B 在句中因为 make 用的是被动语态，故其后一定要接带 to 的不定式，作主语补word 5/10 足语。构成：make it+adj.+to do sth./that-clause 使做某事成为。典例 2The manager,_it clear to us that he didnt agree with us,left the meeting room.(2005江西卷)A.who has ma

22、de B.having made C.made D.making 解析 B 关于 make 用法的考查。根据句子结构分析可以判断，主句为：The manager left the meeting room.,中间的局部为分词短语作状语，且动作发生在主句 left 动作之前，而又并非现在完成时，故排除 A。现在分词的完成式先于主句的谓语动词而发生，应当选 B。4make 作“制造、组成时构成的词组，常使用被动语态。成品+be made of+原料看得出原料 成品+be made from+原料难看或看不出原料 原料+be made into+成品 成品+be made by+执行者制造者 成品+

23、be made in+地点 物体组织+be made up of+假设干成份 典例 3 The old cottage can be_ temporary(临时的)houses.A.made into B.made of C.made by D.made in 解析 A 此句句意为：这栋旧别墅可以改装成临时住宅。被动词组 be made into 符合句意。5make 构成的两个常用词组：make up(for)弥补，虚构，缝制，化妆，整理等。如：make up jokes 编笑话；make up a poem/a story/a song 编诗歌/故事/歌曲。再如：They hurried

24、on to make up for lost time.他们加速进展以补回失去的时间。The boy made up a story;it was not true.男孩儿编了个故事，这故事不是真的。She made up her face to look prettier.word 6/10 她化了妆以便看上去更漂亮些。典例 4Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _jokes.(2005江苏卷)A.turning up B.putting up C.making up D.showing

25、up 解析 C 动词搭配与辨析。turn up 找到，发现，出现；put up 举起，抬起，进展；show up 揭露，露出，露面。而 make up jokes 为“编笑话，与句意吻合。make full/good/the best use of 充分利用。如：We must make the best use of the fine weather.我们必须充分利用这好天气。Lets make use of this opportunity to practice our spoken English.让我们好好地利用这个机会来练习英语口语。2.关于 consider 1作“考虑讲时，可跟

26、名词/代词/从句或跟连接代词/副词+to do 或跟动名词连用。如：Have you considered how to get there?你考虑过如何去那里了吗？He considered going to see them in prison.他考虑去监狱探试他们。2作“认为，把当作讲时，consider+宾语+宾补，作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式不定式完成式。如：I consider him to be a fool.我把他当作一个傻子看待。3注意结构：consider it+n/adj.+to do sth.I consider it necessary to study Eng

27、lish.我认为学英语很有必要。4consider(as)表示“把某人或某物看作。如：Most people considered him as a hero.多数人把他看成一个英雄。典例 5 Many things_ impossible in the past are common today.A.considering B.to consider C.considered D.being considered 解析 C 动词 consider 的非谓语考查形式。剖析其结构：Many things are common today.为主句。considered 是过去分词短语作定语修饰 m

28、any things,impossible 在被动语态中为主语补足语。适用于“consider+宾语+宾补结构。应当选 C。word 7/10 3.关于 keep 1keep 用作与物动词，表示“使继续处于某种状态，其后的宾补可以是：现在分词 如：Dont keep your mother waiting.别让你母亲再等。过去分词 如：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是刚刚拖起来披盖在自己身上的。副词 如：This helps to keep the cold out.这有助于御寒。介词短语 如：

29、He kept them in the classroom after school.放学后，他让他们呆在教室里。形容词 如：The nurses keep her very clean.护士们将她整理得非常整法。(2)keep作 系 动 词，意 为“保 持、继 续 处 于 某 种 状 态 。如：keep silent/quiet/cool/fit(3)keep doing 与 keep on doing 表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力和强调动作的反复时，多用 keep on doing。如：Dont give up hope,keep on trying.别放弃希望，要不断努力。表示持续状态常

30、用 keep doing。如：Weve kept hoping to go to college.我们一直希望上大学。keep/keep on 一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。如：常不用 keep(on)standing/sitting/beginning/leaving。典例 6Keep _after meals,then youll be in good health.A.walking B.sleeping C.standing D.sitting 解析 A keep doing 的特殊用法。此种结构一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。而 slee

31、ping,standing,sitting 都是表示短暂性动作的动词。应当选 A。4其它搭配 keep back 阻止，落在后面 keepout(of)使在外，不让入内 keep away 不接近，避开 keep from 阻止，抑制，防止于 keep off 让开，不接近 keep up 坚持，继续，保持，斗争不低落 keep up with 跟上，赶上，不落后于 word 8/10 keep in touch with 与保持联络 典例 7We read the newspaper every day to _the present affairs.A.keep up B.keep up

32、with C.catch up with D.keep in touch with 解析 B keep 词组考查题。根据句意：我们每天读报是为了跟上当前形势。keep up 坚持；keep up with 跟上，赶上；catch up with 赶上，逮捕；keep in touch with 与保持联络。只有 B 项与句意吻合。4.关于 go 1go 的过去分词形式 gone 多用作表语，意为“人不在了、走了，“物丢了、用完了，如：The necklace was gone.这条项链丢了。Liu Mei is already gone.刘梅已经走了。比拟：He is already gone

33、.(强调无目的)He has gone.(强调有目的、方向)2go 有“说的之意。常用于“the story goes据说；as the saying goes正如格言所说。如：As the saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.正如格言所说，“有志者，事竟成。典例 8As a Chinese old saying_,“Good fortune lies within bad,bad fortune lies within good.A.goes B.say C.is said D.is written 解析 A 与本词条中的含义吻

34、合即用在谚语前表示“说的、叫做。3go 为终止性动词，不与表示时间段的状语连用。见时态和语态专题 4go to 常与 go to attend 意义一样，多与一些表示活动的名词连用。如：go to college/a meeting/an English party/a concert/a dance/a film/a lecture/a dinner等。5注意区别：go on doing sth.继续做同一个动作 go on to do sth.做完一个接着干另一个 go on with sth.同一事件中断后又接着做 He went on speaking of his war exper

35、iences.他继续说着他的战争经历。word 9/10 比拟 He went on to speak of his war experiences.(=He began speaking of them after he had finished speaking of something else.)他做完了别的之后，又继续说他的战争经历。They went on with their work at the empty loom until late into the night.他们在一张空织布机上不停地工作直至深夜。(6)其它搭配 go to rest/sleep/bed 休息/睡觉

36、 go out for a walk/ride/swim/bath/drive外出散步/骑车/游泳/洗澡/兜风 go shopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking购物/钓鱼/射击/游泳/散步 go about 着手做，从事 go ahead 前进，进展 go all out for sth./to do sth.全力以赴 go in for sth.从事于，酷爱，参加 go over 仔细检查，润色文稿，复习 go through 经历，经受 go up 上涨 5.关于 agree 1agree 一般用作不与物动词，因此，其后不能直接带宾语。如其后跟从句

37、，如此可作与物动词。可跟不定式，但不跟不定式的复合结构。2区别：表示“同意某人的看法。常说：agree with sb./what sb says。表示“适合、适宜。如：agree with This climate doesnt agree with me.这里的气候不适合我。表示“一致、协调。如：The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须与人称和数保持一致。agree to 表示“同意某人的建议、安排、计划。常可说：agree to a plan/an arrange ment/a proposal/a decision.word 10/10 agree on/upon 表示“对取得一致意见。如：They both agreed on the plan,他们两个都同意这个方案。典例 9 I dont _people smoking all day long.A.agree B.agree to C.agree on D.agree with 解析 B 考查动词 agree 与词组辨析。agree 为不与物动词，不带宾语；agree on/upon表示“对取得一致意见；agree with 表示“同意某人的看法；agree to 表示“同意某人的建议、安排、计划，符合句意。*完毕