(精品完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图.pdf

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1、 完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图 最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 第四章 虚拟语气 （一）状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气在 if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time,I would attend the meeting.主语+would(should could might)+动词原型 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句 If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 If he had hurried,he could have caught the tra

2、in.主语+would（should could might）+have+动词的过去分词 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+动词原形 3、If+主语+should+动词原形 If I were to go abroad,I would go to America.主语+would（could should might）+动词原型 错综时间条件句主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气 有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。If you had followed my advice,y

3、ou would be better now.If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句 有时虚拟条件句并没用 if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。She would have died without my help.。条件从句中省略 if采用倒装语序的情况 在 if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词 if省去，而将 had，should，were 等助动词提到主语之前。例：原句：1:If

4、she were younger,she,would do it.去 if：Were she younger,she would do it.2:If you had come earlier,you would have met him.去 if:Had you come earlier,you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.去 if:Should it rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语

5、动词用过去式。He treats the boy as if he were his own son.最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 虚拟语气在 as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句中 2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。He spoke as if he had known about it.3表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用 would(might,could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game.注意：1.在 as if/as though 句中，如果有

6、可能成为事实，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。虚拟语气用在 lest，for fear that，so that及 in order that 引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思 谓语动词多用 should/could/might+动词原型构成 For fear that it may rain tomorrow,we should bring an umbrella.“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟

7、语气（should）+动词原型 例：1.The game will be put off in case it(should)snow.2.The game will be put off in case it snows.（二）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.在动词 wish/hope后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。I wish(that)I were a bird.对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或would，could，might+现在完成时。I wish(that)I had se

8、en the film last night.对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。I wish(that)I wouldcould go.均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。We suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.They insisted that the boy(should)go with them.最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 常用的

9、此类动词有：表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.表示“要求”的：ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order 注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The smile on his face suggested(暗示）that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted【坚持认为】tha

10、t he had never stolen the money.Would rather，had rather，后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 I would rather you told me the truth.用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather 后用动词原型 2.would rather.than中用动词原型 I would rather do it by myself

11、.I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that.”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为 should+动词原形或省略 should Its quite necessary that we should have a walk now.常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。注意：在上述所列形容词后面用 th

12、at引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。例：I dont think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的).在“It is(was)+名词+that.”结构句中的虚拟语气 表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。Its a pity that you(should)miss a good chance.这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，reco

13、mmendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 二表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气 某些表示建议，请求，命令等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气 表达形式为 should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。My idea is that we(should)think it over before accepting it.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting(should)be put off.在

14、It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required.that-clause句型中从句用(should)+动词原型 It is demanded that we should work out a plan.这类名词常见的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。在 It is(about/high)time+that 定语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“该做.的时候了”其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型 It

15、is high time that you went /should go to school.注意：在 this is the first time/second time that.句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.选择题 1.If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed,he would not suffer so much now.A.lies B.lay C.had lain D.should lie

16、 2.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A.has B.had C.will have D.had had 3.You did not let me drive.If we _in turn,you _ so tired A.drove;didnt get B.drove;wouldnt get C.were driving;wouldnt get D.had driven;wouldnt have got 4._it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the

17、 visit to the Yangpu Bridge A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will 5.I suggested the person _ to be put into prison A.refers B.referring C.referred D.refer 6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it_ A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 7.I insisted _to see a doctor,but

18、 he insisted nothing _ wrong with him A.on him to go;should be B.he went;be C.he go;was D.he should to;is 8.-Your aunt invites you to the movies today 最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 -I had rather she _ me tomorrow than today A.tells B.told C.would tell D.had told 9.-Would you have called her

19、up had it been possible -Yes,but I _busy doing my homework A.was B.were C.had been D.would be 10.I was ill that day,otherwise I _ the sports meet A.would have taken part in B.took part in C.had taken part in D.would take part in 11._the clouds,you would find the airplane in the sky easily A.Had it n

20、ot been for B.If it were not C.If it had not been for D.Were it not for 12.If my lawyer _here last Sunday,he _ me from going A.had been,would have prevented B.had been,would prevent C.were,prevent D.were,would have prevented 13._hard,he would have passed the exam A.If he were to work B.Had he worked

21、 C.Should he work D.Were he to work 14._today,he would get there by Friday A.Were he to leaveB.If he had left C.Did he to leave D.Had he left 15.Had you listened to the doctor,you _all right now A.are B.were C.would be D.would have been 16.I did not see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would

22、have met my brother A.has come B.did come C.come D.had come 17.He _busy yesterday,or he _you with your experiment.A.was,had helped B.was,would have helped C.had been,would have helped D.were,would have helped 18.If it _for the snow,we_ the mountain yesterday A.were not,could have climb B.were not,co

23、uld climb C.had not been,could have climbed D.hadnt been,could climb 19.Without electricity,human life _quite difficult today A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be 20.-I am going to tell her the news -I would as soon you _her about it A.didnt tell B.dont tell C.hadnt tell D.wont tell 21.Mikes

24、father,as well as his mother,insisted he _home A.stayed B.could stay C.has stayed D.stay 22.It was requested that the play _again A.should put on B.would put on C.be put on D.put on 23.She insisted that a doctor _ immediately A.had sent for B.send C.be sent for D.was sent 24.-Did you scold him for h

25、is carelessness-Yes,but _it A.Id rather not do B.Id rather not have done C.I should t do D.Id better not do 25.If only I _my car A.hadnt lost B.wouldnt lose C.didnt lose D.havent lost 26.But for water,it _impossible to live in the earth A.is B.would C.were D.wouldnt be 27.I would rather you _anythin

26、g about it for the time being A.do B.didnt do C.dont D.didnt 最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 28.The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own son A.is B.were C.had been D.should be 29.How the old people wish that they _young once more A.were B.could become C.had b

27、een D.should be 30.It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem A.hold B.held C.have held D.had held 31.The thief closed his eyes _ he _dying A.even if,was B.though,would be C.even,had been D.as if,were 32.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enj

28、oyed the concert A.had not B.did not have had C.hadnt had D.hadnt have 33.The chairman insisted that we _the question again A.will discuss B.to discuss C.should discuss D.will be discussed 34.He requested that the students _them get in crops A.help B.to help C.helped D.helping 35.The guard at the ga

29、te insisted that everybody _the rules A.obeys B.Obey C.will obey D.would obey 36.I wish I _here then A.was B.had been C.were D.would be 37.It is strange that he _back so early A.came B.will come C.had come D.should have come 38.Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TV A.did B.do

30、 C.shall do D.have done 39.My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest Sunday A.be put B.put C.should put D.had been put 40.He is talking so much about America as if he _ there A.had been B.has been C.was D.been 41.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven A.must finish B.would be fini

31、shed C.be finished D.must be finished 42.-Sorry,Joe.I did not mean to-Dont call me“Joe”,I am Mr.Parker to you,and _ you forget it!A.do B.didnt C.did D.dont 43.I did not attend the lecture by Pro.Jackson.I _ but I _ all this morning A.would,have washed B.could,have been washing C.would have,have been

32、 washing D.could have,had washing 44.How I wish I _ to repair the watch!I only made it worse A.had tried B.hadnt tried C.have tried D.didnt try 45.-How could I thank you enough?-Dont mention it.Any other man _it A.must do B.could do C.would have done D.should have done 46.Key European governments in

33、sist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continue A.be,be delayed B.is,delay C.should be,be delayed D.is,be delayed 47.If the hurricane had happened during the day-time,_more deaths A.it would have been B.it would be C.there would be D.there would have been 48.What

34、 the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes.最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 A.requested,deliver B.demand,be delivered C.request,should deliver D.demand,delivered 49.If law-breakers _ the society will be in disorder A.made unpunished B.came unpunished C.went unpuni

35、shed D.not punished 50.We took a taxi to the airport.Otherwise we _late A.would be B.were C.will be D.would have been 51.Supposing he never _,what would happen then A.come B.came C.would come D.will come 52.What do you think his proposal that we _ a play at the English meeting A.had put on B.should

36、put on C.have put on D.will put on 53.I hope that you _ right A.will be B.should be C.were D.would be 54.As you know,I am a disabled man,but I would be happy if I _of service to you A.am B.have been C.should be D.would be 55.He insisted that we _early the next morning A.start B.started C.would start

37、 D.had started 56.I did not see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother A.has come B.did come C.had come D.came 57.We _last night,but we went to the cinema instead A.must have studied B.might study C.would study D.would have studied 58.If it _the snow,we _the Simian Mountai

38、n last week A.were not,could have climbed B.were not,could climb C.had not been,could have climbed D.had not been,could climb 答案 1-10 C B D B C C C B A A 11-20 D A B A C D B C D A 21-30 D C C B A C B B A B 31-40 D C C A B B D B A A 41-50 C D C B C D D B C D 最新好资料推荐-如有侵权请联系网站删除 精品好资料-如有侵权请联系网站删除 51-58 B B A A AC D C