语法填空题解题技巧.pdf

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1、语 法 填 空 题 解 题 技 巧(共 5 页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-语法填空题解题技巧语法填空题解题技巧一、题型解读一、题型解读语篇型语法填空题旨在考查学生在于都理解的基础上对语法和语言知识的掌握情况，着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力。其命题具有以下特点：1、总体情况：总体情况：1 篇短文，200 词左右。难度适中，符合高中中等学生阅读水平。2、试题数目试题数目：10 个小题。3、分值：分值：共 15 分，每小题分。4、填写要求：填写要求：根据上下文填写空白处所需内容（无提示词时只填 1 个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式（最多填 3 个单词）。二、解题步骤和技巧二、解题步骤

2、和技巧做语法填空题时，不仅要通篇考虑文章的主题和内容，而且要合理地利用已学过的语法知识得出正确的结论。具体可参照以下步骤：1.1.通读全文，了解大意。通读全文，了解大意。在解题前应快速浏览短文，特别注意文章首尾句和一些关键词和句子，了解文章大意。2.2.试填空格，先易后难。试填空格，先易后难。在读懂短文后，要结合语境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义及句子之间的逻辑关系确定要填的单词或所给词的正确形式。下面按题型设计，提供三种设题方式解题技巧：（1 1）无提示词的题目解题技巧）无提示词的题目解题技巧首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词；然后，根据句意

3、确定填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用那个连词。确定用哪类词可用以下方法：技巧技巧 1 1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）。例：The environment in this town is as pleasant as_inthe coastal city.技巧技巧 2 2：名词前若无限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词），很可能填限定词。例：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty wasvery anxious to help_ rice crop grow up

4、quickly.技巧技巧 3 3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一定填介词。2例：Stars look quite bright_the dark blue sky.技巧技巧 4 4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例：.all I saw was these beautiful girls,w，hose smile justmelted me_almost instantly gave me a completely new sense ofwhat life is all about.技巧技巧 5 5：若两个句子之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是

5、填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（链接名词性从句或状语从句）或关系词（连接定语从句）。例：The man was very tired,_he still went on working.技巧技巧 6 6：若句子结构完整，空格后动词是原形，特别是上下文时态不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调货到装的助动词（do,does,did 等）。例：To my great joy,the plant_look exactly like what wewere looking for.技巧技巧 7 7：由特殊句式结构来判断空格处应填的词。有 It iswas.that.强调结构的形式，可能填 it

6、 或 that。判断方法：去掉 It iswas 和 that,句子结构仍然完整。例：.and_was only after I heard she became sick that Ilearned she couldnt eat pineapple.由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填 it。例：_is necessary for the young to master two foreignlanguages.由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装句的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not until 等，还是填 do,does

7、,did 等。例：_with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.sosuch.that.句型例：Thismadethegoatsojealous_itbeganplottingagainst the donkey.（2 2）提示词为动词的题目解题技巧）提示词为动词的题目解题技巧对于给出了动词的题目，首先要判断所填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，然后再按以下两点进行思考。技巧技巧 1 1：若句中没有别的谓语动词，虽然已经有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，则需考虑时态和语态。例：Lucy_(be)a s

8、tudent last year,but now she is a3teacher.技巧技巧 2 2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词，就要确定是过去分词形式、现在分词形式，还是动词不定式。做主语或宾语，通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体请况。例：_(speak)out your inner feeling wont make you feelashamed;on the contrary.作目的状语或在形容词后作真正主语，一般用动词不定式。例：_(complete)the project as planed,well have

9、towork two more hours a day.做伴随状语，通常用分词。与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。例：The headmaster went into the lab,_(follow)by theforeign guests.无论非谓语动词在句中作何成分，若判断出其需要用分词时，分词与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词；是被动关系，用过去分词。例：There will be a meeting,_(start)later this year toreview the film.Lessons_(learn)in sports can help u

10、s in our dealingwith other people.（3）词性转换类题目的解题技巧词性转换类题目的解题技巧此类题主要考察的是名词、形容词和副词，做题时主要根据该词在句中所作成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：技巧技巧 1 1：作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词或代词）或补语（表性质或状态），通常用形容词形式。例：Internationalinvestorshavebecome_(worry)aboutthe countrys economy.技巧技巧 2 2：所填词做主语或在及物动词、介词后作宾语，且通常前有形容词修饰时，需用名词形式，注意单复数形式。例：Cambridge i

11、s always full of_(tour)in the summer.技巧技巧 3 3：在形容词性物主代词或“冠词（+形容词）”后，用名词形式。例：With many students,the _(operate)of the systemdoes involve a certain amount of activity.4技巧技巧 4 4：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子作状语，用副词形式。例：Singles are flocking(涌向)to the Internet_(main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time

12、.技巧技巧 5 5：有的题目可能是词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需跟据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-,in-等，或在词根后加-less 等。例：Your mistake caused a lot of_(necessary)work in theoffice.技巧技巧 6 6：括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例：The_(bad)damage was reported in the town of Loganand Clovis,which are about 80 miles apart,police sai

13、d.3.3.重读全文，修正错误。重读全文，修正错误。在所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾再读一遍，把填好的答案放在整篇文章中检查，保证全文意思贯通。三、强化训练三、强化训练When I was in the seventh grade,I was shy,quiet and a target ofbullies.I used to get very upset about it and would often cry 1my way home.In2art lesson,one of the bullies stole my pencil case,threw 3 across the roo

14、m and sat back down,4 (watch)me as Iwent to pick it up.Later on,he5(catch)my schooltie and pulled it towardshim,causing me to fall.I stood up for 6 (me)the first time,snatch the tie from his hand and pushed him away.I sat back down,shaking all over,7 couldnt focus for the rest of the lesson.I was th

15、e last8(leave)the classroom,for fear of thebully having another go at me outside,when my teacher asked me,“John,are you OK?”“Yes,”I answered.“No,you are not,”he said.We had a chat.He taught me some life lessons,saying,“Rememberyou are stronger inside,and once the bullies see the courage9is existing in your heart,they will stop.Believe in yourself.”These10(word)stuck in my mind.As I walked to school,5holding my head high,the bullying soon stopped.6