最新初二年级英语知识梳理(中).pdf

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1、初二年级英语知识梳理初二年级英语知识梳理(中中)初二年级中初二年级中【知识梳理】【知识梳理】I.I.重点短语重点短语1.give a concert1.give a concert2.fall down2.fall down3.go on3.go on4.at the end of4.at the end of5.go back5.go back6.in ahurry6.in ahurry7.write down7.write e e out9.all the year round9.all the year round10.later on10.later on11.at times11.a

2、t times12.ring sb.up12.ring sb.up13.Happy New Year!13.Happy New Year!14.have a party14.have a party15.hold on15.hold on16.hear from16.hear from17.be ready17.be ready18.at the moment18.at the moment19.take out19.take out20.the same as20.the same as2 221.turn over21.turn over22.get-together22.get-toge

3、ther23.put on23.put on24.take a seat24.take a seat25.wait for25.wait for26.get lost26.get lost27.just then27.just then28.first of all28.first of all29.go wrong29.go wrong30.make a noise30.make a noise31.get on31.get on32.get off32.get off33.stand in line33.stand in line34.at the head of34.at the hea

4、d of35.laugh at35.laugh at36.throw about36.throw about37.in fact37.in fact38.at midnight38.at midnight39.enjoy oneself39.enjoy oneself40.have a headache40.have a headache41.have a cough41.have a cough42.fall asleep42.fall asleep43.again and again43.again and again3 34 44.Yes,but itll be warmer later

5、 on.4.Yes,but itll be warmer later on.5.Shall we make a snowman?5.Shall we make a snowman?6.Ok.Come on!6.Ok.Come on!7.Happy New Year!7.Happy New Year!8.May I speak to Ann,please?8.May I speak to Ann,please?？9.Hold on,please.9.Hold on,please.10.Thanks a lot for inviting me to your party.10.Thanks a l

6、ot for inviting me to your party.11.Ok.But Im afraid I may be a little late.11.Ok.But Im afraid I may be a little late.12.Can I take a message for you?12.Can I take a message for you?13.Thats OK.It doesnt matter.13.Thats OK.It doesnt matter.14.Im very sorry,but I cant come.14.Im very sorry,but I can

7、t come.15.Im sorry to hear that.15.Im sorry to hear that.16.Happy birthday!16.Happy birthday!17.Would you like.?Would you like to.?17.Would you like.?Would you like to.?18.Do you think.?Yes,I think so./No,I dont think so.18.Do you think.?Yes,I think so./No,I dont think so.19.Do you agree?Yes,I agree

8、./No,dont really agree.I19.Do you agree?Yes,I agree./No,dont really agree.Ireally cant agree.really cant agree.20.There are a few/a lot of./on it.20.There are a few/a lot of./on it.21.So do we.21.So do we.22.Im happy you like it.22.Im happy you like it.23.Which is the way to.,please?23.Which is the

9、way to.,please?24.Turn right/left at the.crossing.24.Turn right/left at the.crossing.25.Go on until you reach.25.Go on until you reach.5 526.How can I get to.?Go down/up/along this road.26.How can I get to.?Go down/up/along this road.27.Whats the matter?27.Whats the matter?28.Itll take you half an h

10、our to.28.Itll take you half an hour to.29.Wed better catch a bus.29.Wed better catch a bus.30.It may be in.Ah,so it is30.It may be in.Ah,so it is31.You must be more careful!31.You must be more careful!32.You mustnt cross the road now.32.You mustnt cross the road now.33.If33.If youyou wantwant toto

11、crosscross a a street,street,youyou mustmust waitwait forfor thethegreen light.green light.34.Please stand in line.34.Please stand in line.35.You must wait for your turn.35.You must wait for your turn.36.If you dont go soon,youll be late.36.If you dont go soon,youll be late.37.I dont feel very well.

12、37.I dont feel very well.38.My head hurts.38.My head hurts.39.You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor.39.You mustnt eat anything until you see the doctor.40.Whats the trouble?40.Whats the trouble?41.Whats the matter with?41.Whats the matter with?42.She didnt feel like eating anything.42.She

13、 didnt feel like eating anything.43.Nothing serious.43.Nothing serious.44.Have/get a pain44.Have/get a pain inin45.No problem.45.No problem.46.Take this medicine three times a day.46.Take this medicine three times a day.IVIV.重要语法重要语法6 61.1.一般过去时；一般过去时；2.2.反意疑问句的用法；反意疑问句的用法；3.3.一般将来时；一般将来时；4.4.感慨句；感慨

14、句；5.5.简单句的五种根本句型；简单句的五种根本句型；6.6.情态动词情态动词 can,maycan,may 和和 must,have tomust,have to 的用法；的用法；7.7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句。时间状语从句和条件状语从句。【名师讲解】【名师讲解】1.above/over/on1.above/over/on这三个介词都表示这三个介词都表示“在在之上，但含义不同。之上，但含义不同。onon 指在指在某物的外表上，和某物接触；某物的外表上，和某物接触；aboveabove 指在某物的上方，不指在某物的上方，不和某物接触，和某物接触，但也不一定在某物的正上方；但也不一定在某物

15、的正上方；overover 指在某物指在某物的正上方，不和某物接触。试比拟：的正上方，不和某物接触。试比拟：There is a book on the desk.There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。课桌上有一本书。I I raiseraise mymy rightright handhand aboveabove mymy head.head.我把右手高举过我把右手高举过头。头。There is a stone bridge over the river.There is a stone bridge over the river.河面上有座石桥。河面上有

16、座石桥。2.forget to do sth./forget doing sth.2.forget to do sth./forget doing sth.forgetforget toto dodo sth.sth.意思是意思是“忘记做某事，实际上还没做；忘记做某事，实际上还没做；forget doing sth,forget doing sth,意思是意思是“忘记做过某事，实际上已经做忘记做过某事，实际上已经做过了。试比拟：过了。试比拟：I forgot to tell him the news.I forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。我忘记告诉

17、他这条消息了。I I forgotforgot tellingtelling himhim thethe news.news.我已经把这条消息告诉他我已经把这条消息告诉他7 7了，我却忘了。了，我却忘了。类似的词还有：类似的词还有：remember,regretremember,regret等。等。3.hope/wish3.hope/wishhopehope 和和 wishwish 在汉语中都有在汉语中都有“希望的意思，但其含义和希望的意思，但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下：用法有所不同。主要区别如下：(1)wish(1)wish 可以用来表示不可实现的愿望；可以用来表示不可实现的愿望；h

18、opehope 只能用来表只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如：示可能实现的愿望。例如：I wish I were 20 years younger.I wish I were 20 years younger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。I hope youll be better soon.I hope youll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。我希望你能很快好起来。I wish the weather wasnt so cold.I wish the weather wasnt so cold.但愿天气不这麽冷。但愿天气不这麽冷。I hope he

19、will come,too.I hope he will come,too.我希望他也能来。我希望他也能来。(2)wish(2)wish 可以接可以接 sb.to do sth.sb.to do sth.的结构，的结构，而而 hopehope 不可以。不可以。例例如：如：DoDo youyou wishwish meme toto comecome backback later?later?你是否希望我再你是否希望我再来？来？4.be sure to do sth./be sure of/about sb.or sth.4.be sure to do sth./be sure of/about

20、 sb.or sth.(1)be(1)be suresure toto dodo sth.sth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求，求，意思是意思是“务必，务必，也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断，也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断，意思是意思是“一定，一定，“肯定。例如：肯定。例如：Be sure to lock the door when you leave.Be sure to lock the door when you leave.你离开时务必把你离开时务必把门锁好。门锁好。Its a good film.You are sure to enjoy it.Its

21、 a good film.You are sure to enjoy it.这是一部好电影，这是一部好电影，你肯定会喜欢的。你肯定会喜欢的。8 8(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth.(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth.可用来表示可用来表示“某人对某事有某人对某事有把握。例如：把握。例如：Im sure of his success.Im sure of his success.我相信他会成功。我相信他会成功。I think it was three years ago,but Im not sure about it.I think it was

22、 three years ago,but Im not sure about it.我我想那是三年前的事情，但我没有把握。想那是三年前的事情，但我没有把握。5.hear from/hear of5.hear from/hear ofhearhear 意思是意思是“听到，从哪里听到要用听到，从哪里听到要用 fromfrom 来表示。例来表示。例如：如：IveIve heardheard fromfrom XiaoXiao WuWu thatthat wellwell startstart outout militarmilitary ytraining tomorrow.training tom

23、orrow.我听小吴说，我们明天开始军训。我听小吴说，我们明天开始军训。Listen to the tape and write out what you hear from HanListen to the tape and write out what you hear from HanMei.Mei.听录音，并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。听录音，并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。hear fromhear from 还有一个意思是还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信收到某人的来信=receive=receivea letter from sb.a letter from sb.。例如：。例如：I

24、heard from my pen friend in the U.S.A.last month.I heard from my pen friend in the U.S.A.last month.上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。I heard from her last week.I heard from her last week.我上周接到了她的来信。我上周接到了她的来信。hear ofhear of和和和和hear fromhear from含义不同。含义不同。hear ofhear of 意思是意思是“听说，听说，“得知得知 某事或某人的存在某事或某人的

25、存在，常用在疑问句和否认句里。常用在疑问句和否认句里。例如：例如：Who is he?Ive never heard of him.Who is he?Ive never heard of him.他是谁？我从来没有他是谁？我从来没有9 9听说过他。听说过他。I never heard of such a thing!I never heard of such a thing!这样的事我从来没有听说这样的事我从来没有听说过。过。6.Its a pleasure./With pleasure.6.Its a pleasure./With pleasure.Its a pleasureIts a

26、pleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语，这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语，意思是意思是“那是我乐意做的。例如：那是我乐意做的。例如：-Thank you for helping me.-Thank you for helping me.谢谢你地帮助。谢谢你地帮助。-Its a pleasure.Its a pleasure.那是我乐意做的。那是我乐意做的。-Thanks a lot.Bye.-Thanks a lot.Bye.非常感谢。非常感谢。再见。再见。-Its a pleasure.Its a pleasure.那是我乐意做的。再见。那是我乐意做的。再见。类类似似的的话

27、话还还有有“Not“Not atat all.all.“You“You areare welcome.welcome.“Thats all right.“Thats all right.WithWith pleasurepleasure 也用作客气的答语，主要用在别人要你也用作客气的答语，主要用在别人要你做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如：做某事，而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如：-Will you please pass me the newspaper,please?-Will you please pass me the newspaper,please?请你把报纸递给我好吗？请你把报

28、纸递给我好吗？-With pleasure.-With pleasure.当然可以。当然可以。7.seem/look7.seem/look(1)(1)二者都可以作二者都可以作“看起来讲，但看起来讲，但 seemseem 暗示凭借一些迹暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实；象作出的有根据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实；looklook着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(to(to be)+be)+形容词形容词和和 as ifas if 从句。如：从句。如：1010He seems/looks(to be)very happy today.H

29、e seems/looks(to be)very happy today.他今天看起来他今天看起来很快乐。很快乐。It looks(seems)as if it it is going to rain.It looks(seems)as if it it is going to rain.好似要下雨了。好似要下雨了。(2)(2)但以下情况中只用但以下情况中只用 seemseem 不用不用 looklook：1)1)后跟不定式后跟不定式 to doto do 时。如：时。如：He seems to know the answer.He seems to know the answer.他似乎知道

30、答案。他似乎知道答案。2)2)在在 It seems that.It seems that.结构中。如：结构中。如：It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.他像比昨他像比昨天快乐些了。天快乐些了。8.be ready to do/be ready for/get ready to do/get ready8.be ready to do/be ready for/get ready to do/get readyforfor(1)be(1)be r

31、eadyready toto dodo 和和 bebe readyready forfor表示表示“已作好已作好的准的准备，强调状态备，强调状态(2)get ready to do(2)get ready to do 和和 get ready forget ready for表示表示“为为做准备，做准备，强调行为。如：强调行为。如：Im ready to do anything you want me to do.Im ready to do anything you want me to do.我愿意我愿意/随时随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。准备做一切做你要我做的事。ImIm readyre

32、ady forfor anyany questionsquestions youyou maymay ask.ask.我愿意我愿意/随时准随时准备答复你可能问的问题。备答复你可能问的问题。HesHes gettinggetting readyready toto leaveleave forfor Tokyo.Tokyo.他正准备动身去东他正准备动身去东京。京。Lets get ready for the hard moment.Lets get ready for the hard moment.我们为这一艰难时刻我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。作好准备吧。1111(3)be(3)be rea

33、dyready toto dodo 通常可理解通常可理解“乐于做某事，即思想上乐于做某事，即思想上总是有做某事的准备。总是有做某事的准备。be not ready to dobe not ready to do 表示表示“不轻易做某事。如：不轻易做某事。如：Hes usually not ready to listen to others.Hes usually not ready to listen to others.他通常不轻易听他通常不轻易听从别人。从别人。9.at table/at the table9.at table/at the tableat tableat table 在吃

34、饭，在吃饭，at the tableat the table 在桌子旁边。例如：在桌子旁边。例如：The Greens are at table.The Greens are at table.格林一家人在吃饭。格林一家人在吃饭。Mr.Black is sitting at the table and reading a book.Mr.Black is sitting at the table and reading a book.布莱布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。克先生坐在桌旁读书。10.reach,arrive/get to10.reach,arrive/get to三者都有三者都有 到达到达

35、 之意。之意。reachreach 是及物动词，是及物动词，后直接加名后直接加名词，词，getget 和和 arrivearrive 是不及物动词，不能直接加名词，须借是不及物动词，不能直接加名词，须借助于介词。助于介词。getget toto 后加名词地点，假设跟副词地点时，后加名词地点，假设跟副词地点时，toto去掉；去掉；arrive at+arrive at+小地方，小地方，arrive in+arrive in+大地方。如：大地方。如：Lucy got to the zoo before 8 oclock.Lucy got to the zoo before 8 oclock.露西露

36、西 8 8 点前到了动点前到了动物园。物园。WhenWhen diddid youryour parentsparents arrivearrive inin Shanghai?Shanghai?你父母何你父母何时到上海的？时到上海的？It was late when I got home.It was late when I got home.我到家时天色已晚。我到家时天色已晚。11.sick/ill11.sick/ill二者都是形容词。当二者都是形容词。当“生病的，患病生病的，患病“之意时，之意时，illill 只作只作表语，不作定语；而表语，不作定语；而 sicksick 既可作表语也可

37、作定语。既可作表语也可作定语。sicksick1212有有 呕吐，恶心呕吐，恶心 的意思，只能作表语，而的意思，只能作表语，而illill 无此意。如：无此意。如：Li Lei was ill last week.(Li Lei was ill last week.(只作表语只作表语)李磊上周生病了。李磊上周生病了。Hes a sick man.Hes a sick man.作定语作定语他是病人。他是病人。不能说成：不能说成：HesHesan ill man.an ill man.My grandfather was sick for a month last year.My grandfat

38、her was sick for a month last year.作表作表语我祖父去年病了一个语我祖父去年病了一个月。月。12.in time/on time12.in time/on timein timein time 是是 及时及时 的意思，的意思，on timeon time 是是 准时，准时，按时按时。如：如：I didnt get to the bus stop in time.I didnt get to the bus stop in time.我没有及时赶上汽车。我没有及时赶上汽车。Well finish our job on time.Well finish our j

39、ob on time.我们要按时完成任务。我们要按时完成任务。13.may be/maybe13.may be/maybeIt may be in your inside pocket.=Maybe it is in yourIt may be in your inside pocket.=Maybe it is in yourinside pocket.inside pocket.也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中 may bemay be是情态动词是情态动词+be+be 动词构成的谓语局部，意思是动词构成的谓语局部，意思是 也许是也许是，可能是可能是；第二句中的；

40、第二句中的 maybemaybe 是副词，意思是是副词，意思是 可能可能，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相当于另一副词常位于句首，不能位于句中，相当于另一副词 perhapsperhaps。再如：再如：Maybe you put it in that bag.Maybe you put it in that bag.也许你放在了那只包里。也许你放在了那只包里。不能说不能说 You maybe put it in that bag.You maybe put it in that bag.It may be a hat.It may be a hat.那可能是顶帽子。那可能是顶帽子。不能说不能说 I

41、t maybe aIt maybe ahat.hat.或或 It maybe is a hat.It maybe is a hat.14.noise/voice/sound14.noise/voice/sound1313noisenoise 指嘈杂声，噪音大的吵杂声。指嘈杂声，噪音大的吵杂声。voicevoice 是指说话的是指说话的声音，嗓音，嗓子。声音，嗓音，嗓子。soundsound 是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学有时还用作科学上的声音。例如：上的声音。例如：Dont make s

42、o much noise!Dont make so much noise!别那么大声喧哗！别那么大声喧哗！I didnt recognize Johns voice on the telephone.I didnt recognize Johns voice on the telephone.在电话在电话里我听不出约翰的声音。里我听不出约翰的声音。He spoke in a low voice.He spoke in a low voice.他低声说话。他低声说话。We heard a strange sound.We heard a strange sound.我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。我们

43、听到了一种奇怪的声音。Sound travels fast,but light travels faster.Sound travels fast,but light travels faster.声音传得快，声音传得快，但是光传得更快。但是光传得更快。【考点扫描】【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在：中考考点在本单元主要集中在：1.1.一般过去时；一般过去时；2.2.反意疑问句的用法；反意疑问句的用法；3.3.一般将来时；一般将来时；4.4.感慨句；感慨句；5.5.简单句的五种根本句型；简单句的五种根本句型；6.6.情态动词情态动词 can,maycan,may 和和 must,have

44、tomust,have to 的用法；的用法；7.7.时间状语从句和条件状语从句；时间状语从句和条件状语从句；8.8.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；9.9.本单元学过的日常交际用语。本单元学过的日常交际用语。考试形式可以是单项填空、考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句短文填空和完成句1414子。子。【中考范例】【中考范例】1.(20221.(2022 年长沙市中考试题年长沙市中考试题)-Do you know if we will go to the cinema tomorrow?-Do you know if we will go to

45、 the cinema tomorrow?-I think well go if we _ too much homework.I think well go if we _ too much homework.A.will haveA.will have B.hadB.had C.wont haveC.wont have D.dont haveD.dont have【解析】答案：【解析】答案：D D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。动作。2.(20222.(2

46、022 年佛山市中考试题年佛山市中考试题)You have been to Tibet,_?I was told that theYou have been to Tibet,_?I was told that thesnow-covered mountains were very beautiful.snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.A.have youA.have you B.havent youB.havent you C.dont youC.dont you【解析】答案：【解析】答案：B B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反。该题考查

47、的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一局部是肯定句，意疑问句的前一局部是肯定句，后一局部就应该是否认的后一局部就应该是否认的疑问局部，而且要和前一局部保持时态上的一致。疑问局部，而且要和前一局部保持时态上的一致。3.(20223.(2022 年扬州市中考试题年扬州市中考试题)-Jacky,look at that Japanese sumoist(-Jacky,look at that Japanese sumoist(相扑手相扑手).).-Wow,_!-Wow,_!A.How a fat manA.How a fat manB.What a fat manB.What a fat manC.

48、How fat manC.How fat manD.What fat manD.What fat man【解析】答案：【解析】答案：B B。该题考查的是感慨句的构成。这个感。该题考查的是感慨句的构成。这个感慨句省略了主谓局部，只保存了感慨局部。如果以慨句省略了主谓局部，只保存了感慨局部。如果以 WhatWhat1515开头，就应该是开头，就应该是 WhatWhat a a fatfat man!man!如果是如果是 HowHow 开头，就开头，就应该是应该是 How fat!How fat!4.(20224.(2022 年福建省泉州市中考试题年福建省泉州市中考试题)-Thanks for yo

49、ur help.-Thanks for your help.-_-_A.It doesnt matterA.It doesnt matterB.Dont thank meB.Dont thank meC.Youre welcomeC.Youre welcomeD.Thats rightD.Thats right【解析】答案：【解析】答案：C C。该题考查的是日常交际用语。答复别。该题考查的是日常交际用语。答复别人人 的的 道道 谢谢 通通 常常 用用“Thats“Thats allallright.right.或或 YoureYourewelcome.welcome.【总分值演练】【总分值演练

50、】一一.选择填空选择填空1.Dont forget _your book here tomorrow1.Dont forget _your book here tomorrow.A.to takeA.to take B.to bringB.to bring C.takingC.taking D.bringingD.bringing2.Mrs Brown went to the cinema,_she?2.Mrs Brown went to the cinema,_she?A.didntA.didnt B.doesntB.doesnt C.wasntC.wasnt D.isntD.isnt3.I