初中英语必考短语句型.pdf

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1、必考短语句型 1.be afraid of sth 恐惧,害怕 be afraid to do sth 恐惧,害怕做 Im afraid to go out at night.我害怕晚上出去;2.be angry with sb 生某人的气 Dont be angry with me.别生我的气;be angry withat sb for doing sth 为.而生某人的气 3.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于 4.be good at+doing sth=do well in 善于 5.be good for 对什么有好处 Readi

2、ng aloud is good for your English.6.be helpful to sb sth 对.有好处 Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处;Exercising is helpful to your bady.锻炼对你的身体有好处;7.be good to 对好 8.be bad for 对.有害 Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好;9.be glad+to do sth/从句 很高兴.10.be happy to do 很高兴做某事 11.

3、be sorry to do sth 对于做.而抱歉/遗憾 12.be sorry to hear that.遗憾听说.13.be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 He is sure of winning.他有信心赢.be sure of sth 对某事有信心 Im sure of my head.我相信我的大脑;be sure to do sth 一定会做某事 We are sure to pass the test.我们一定会通过这次考试;14.be made from 由制成制成以后看不见原材料 be made of 由制成制成以后还看得见原材料 15.begin

4、to do=start to do 开始做某事 startwith=beginwith 以.开始.Lets begin the game with the song.16.get ready for sth./to do sth.get ready for sth.意为“为某事做准备”；get ready to do sth.意为“准备做某事”We are getting ready for the meeting.我们正在为会议做准备;They were getting ready to have a sports meet at that moment.他们那时正准备开运动会;17.hop

5、e to do sth 希望做某事 18.ask.for 向要 ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 19.help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 20.want sth.want to do sth.想要做某事 want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 21.would like to do sth.愿意做某事 Would you like to go rowing with me would like sb.to do sth.愿意某人做某事 Id like

6、you to stay with me tonight.22.hope to do sth.希望做某事 23.wish to do sth.希望做某事 24.tell a story 讲故事 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事 Mother told me to go shopping with her.tell sb not to do sth 让某人不要做某事 25.show sb.sth.把某物给某人看 show sth.to sb.把某物给某人看 Please show the map to me.26.pass sb.sth.把某

7、物递给某人 Pass me the cup of tea.pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人 Pass the cup of tea to me.27.buy sb.sth.为某人买某物.Mother bought me a bike.buy sth.for sb.为某人买某物 Mother bought a bike for me.28.give sb.sth 把某物给某人 Jim gave me an English dictionary.give sth.to sb.把某物给某人 Jim gave an English dictionary to me.29.enjoy doi

8、ng sth.喜欢爱好做某事；30.like to do/like doing sth.喜欢做某事;Do you enjoy listening to music 你喜欢听音乐吗 I like to swim in the swimming pool.我喜欢在游泳池中游泳;喜欢到某一具体的地方游泳 I like swimming.我喜欢游泳;只讲喜欢这项运动 31.have fun+doing 做.很高兴 32.finish+doing 名词完成.33.practice+doing 练习做某事 34.feel like doing sth.想要做某事 Lin Tao is busy makin

9、g a model plane.林涛正忙着做飞机模型;My mother enjoys taking a walk after supper.我妈妈喜欢晚饭后散步;I lovw watching Channel Five.我喜欢看五频道;I have finished writing the story.我已经写完了故事;35.keep on doing sth.一直坚持做某事 Dont keep on doing such foolish things.不要再做这样的傻事了;He kept sitting there all day.他整天坐在那里;keep sb.doing sth.让某人

10、一直做某事 Why do you keep me waiting for a long time 你为什么让我等了很长时间 36.keepfrom doing sth.阻止.做某事 相当于 stopfrom doing sth.,preventfrom doing sth.在主动句中,stop 和 prevent 后面的 from 可以省略;例如：Please keep the children from swimming in the sea.请别让孩子到海里游泳;The big noise outside my room stopped me from doing my homework.

11、屋外巨大的噪音使我不能做作业;37.try to do sth 努力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 38.forget to do 忘了做.未做 forget doing 忘记做过某事了已做 I forgot turning off the lights.Look,it is dark in the room.I forgot to turn off the lights.Could you go back and shut the off 39.remember to do sth.记住去做某事未做 Eg.Remember to bring me some money.Ive

12、 run out of it.remember doing sth.记得做过某事了已做 Eg.I remembered returning your money.You are so forgetful.40.stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 Eg.He stopped to talk with Mary when she enter the office.stop doing sth.停止正在做的事 The students stopped talking when the teachet came in.Youre too tired.Youd better stop to

13、 have a rest.你们太累了,最好停下来休息一会儿;The teacher is coming.Lets stop talking.老师来了,咱们别说话了;41.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 42.watch/see/hear sb.do sth.观看/看见/听见某人做了某事全过程 I saw you pick an apple just now.watch/see/hear sb.doing sth.观看/看见/听见某人正在做某事动作 I saw you playing basketball with your classmates on the pl

14、ayground last Sunday.43.make sb/sth+adj 使某人某物怎么样 You must made your bed clean.你必须使你的床保持清洁;make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 Eg.His brother often makes him stay in the sun.He made me work ten hours a day.他让我每天工作 10 小时;44.let sb.do sth.让某人做某事 Let me sing a song for you.45.have sb.do sth.使某人做某事 You shouldnt have t

15、he students work so hard.46.How do you like 你认为怎么样 与 what do you think of 同义;例如：How do you like the weather in Beijing 你认为北京的天气怎么样 What do you think of the weather in Beijing 表达建议的句型,如：47.how about+doing=what about+doing 做.怎么样 48.Lets do.让我们做吧;49.Shall we do.我们做好吗 50.Would you like/to do.你想要做吗 51.ha

16、d better do/not do sth.最好做/不做某事;52.Why not do.为什么不 53.Why dont you 你为什么不 Why not go and ask our teacher 为什么不去问问老师 Good idea Lets go.好主意走吧 Shall we go out for a walk 我们去散步怎么样 No,Lets go to the zoo.不,我们去动物园吧;Will you please fetch some chalks for me 请你给我拿些粉笔,好吗 What about singing an English song 唱首英文歌曲

17、怎么样 Wonderful 好极了 You had better put on the coat when you go out.你出去时最好把外套穿上;54.bothand 两个都 用来连接两个并列成分;当连接两个并列主语时,其后谓语动词用复数 Both the students and the teachers will go to the History Museum tomorrow.不论老师还是学生明天都会去历史博物馆;Both Jack and Tim are English.Jack 和 Tim 都是英国人;55.not onlybut also 不但而且 常用来连接语法作用相同

18、的词、短语或句子;连接两个主语时,谓语动词要和紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致;例如：She likes not only singing but also dancing.她不但喜欢唱歌,而且喜欢跳舞;He is not only a good doctor but also a good father.他不但是个好医生而且是个好爸爸;Not only I but also he is hoping to go there.不但我而且他也想去那儿;Not only you but also I want to go travelling.不但你,我也想去旅游;56.eitheror 不是就是

19、,或者或者用来连接两个并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与邻近的主语保持一致;Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai.要么你去上海,要么我去上海;You may either stay here or go home.你可以呆在这儿,也可以回家;Either she or I am right.=Either I or she is right.不是她对就是我对;57.neither.nor.;既不也不 Neither you nor he is right.你和他都不对;重要提示：当这几个句型连接主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要遵循“就近原则”;对比 b

20、oth.and.来记忆,both.and.连接主语时视为复数;58.Its time for+n.到该做某事的时间了 Its time for school.59.Its time to do sth.到该做某事的时间了 Its time to go to school.Its time to have class.=Its time for class 该去上课了;60.Its+adj+for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说怎么样 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式 to do sth;例如：Its not easy for us to study English well.对

21、我们来说学好英语并不容易;Its a good idea for us to travel to the south.去南方旅行对我们来说是个好主意;61.Its+adj.+of sb.to do sth.it 是形式主语,to do sth.是真正的主语,当表语即形容词能对逻辑主语描述时,常用介词 of,而不用for;例如：Its very polite of you to give your seat to old people.你给老人让座,非常有礼貌;Its nice of you to help me with my English.帮助我学习英语,你真是太好了;62.It take

22、s sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间 It took me more than a year to learn to draw a beautiful horse in five minutes.It takes her fifteen minutes to walk to the bus stop from here.从这儿走着到公交车站将花费她 15 分钟;It took the old man three days to finish the work.那个老人花了三天时间完成这项工作;63.sb.spends some time/money in d

23、oing sth.某人花多少时间/金钱做某事 I spent twenty years in writing the novel.64.sb.spends some time/money on sth.某人在某事上花了多少时间/金钱 Jim spent 1000 yuan on the bike.I spent five yuan on this book.我在这本书上花了五元钱;I spent two hours in doing my homework yesterday.昨晚我花了两个小时做作业;sb.65.sb.pays money for sth.某人为某事物付钱 此句型主语是人;例

24、如：Ive already paid 2,000 yuan for the motor bike.我已经花了 2000 元买这辆摩托车;Jim paid 1000 yuan for the bike.66.sth.costs sb.some money.某物花了某人多少钱 The bike cost Jim 1000 yuan.重要提示：cost 主语一般为物；spend,pay 主语一般为人;例 中 it 用作形式主语,动词不定式为真正主语;It took me two hours to write the letter.写这封信花了我两小时的时间;He spends half an hou

25、rinreading English every morning.他每天早上花半小时读英语;He spends one hour on the housework every day.他每天花一小时做家务;The bike cost me 500 yuan.这辆自行车花了我 500 元;I spent 500 yuan on the bike.我买这辆自行车花了 500 元;I paid 500 yuan for the bike.我花了 500 元买这辆自行车;67.too+形容词/副词+to do.太而不能.此句型的 to 表示否定含义;I was too excited to say a

26、 word.我激动得一个字也说不出来;Tom is too short to reach the apple.Tom 太矮了,拿不到那个苹果;The ice is too thin for you to walk on.这冰太薄,你不能在上面走;The bag is too heavy to carry.这个袋子太重搬不动;68.sothat 如此以至于 用于复合句,that 引导的是结果状语从句;The ice is so thin that you cant walk on it.冰太薄了,你不能在上面走;The man is so kind that we all like him.他是

27、一个非常好的人,我们都很喜欢他;69.enough+名词+to do.有足够的做某事；形容词/副词+enough+to do.足够以至于能够做某事;如：There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting.有足够的地方容下这些人开会;The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box.这个男孩儿力气够大,能搬动这只箱子;重要提示：enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时,放在所修饰词的后面;The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy

28、box.He is too young to go to school=He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小了以至于还不能去上学;He is old enough to go to school He is so old that he can go to school.他足够大了以至于可以去上学了;70.I dont think/believe that 我认我/相信不 其中的 not 是对宾语从句进行否定而不是对主句否定否定前移;that 可省略;例如：I dont think it will rain.我认为天不会下雨;I dont b

29、elieve the girl will come.我相信那女孩不会来了;I dont think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对;71.How+adj/adv+主+谓 多么啊 How beautiful the flower is 72.what+a/an+adj+n+主+谓 What an beautiful flower it is What a clever boy he is=How clever the boy is 这个男孩儿多聪明啊 What a wonderful film we saw last night 昨天晚上我们看的电影多精彩啊 How lovely the weather is 天气多好啊 How hard he works 他工作多么努力啊