(江苏专用)2020版高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Advertising知能演练轻松闯关(含解析)牛.pdf

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1、Unit 1 Advertising A 卷 错误!单项填空 1One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future _ we can face all the challenges with confidence。Ain that Beven if Cso that Das if C 解析：考查状语从句。句意：我们学校的一个重要目的就是让我们为未来做好准备，以便我们能够满怀信心地面对所有挑战。根据句意可知，这里用 so that 引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”。2A baby born with the virus t

2、hat causes AIDS appears _，scientists announced on Sunday，describing it is only the worlds second reported cure.Acured Bbeing cured Cto be cured Dto have been cured D 解析:考查非谓语动词.句意：科学家们星期天宣布：一个生来就携带艾滋病病毒的婴儿似乎被治愈了，这是世界上已报道的第二例.appear to do sth.是固定句式，根据句意可知，这个孩子似乎“已经被治愈了”，A baby 与 cure 之间是动宾关系并且动作已经完成，

3、所以选 D 项。3Those workers told the reporters that though they were doing dirty and tiring work,they still wanted to work with _ Aprivilege Bbenefit Cdignity Devidence C 解析:考查名词辨析。句意:那些工人们告诉记者虽然他们干的是脏活累活,但他们仍然希望能有尊严地工作。选择 dignity“尊严”符合句意.privilege“特权”；benefit“利益，好处”；evidence“证据.4They have decided to sho

4、w the children around the small town because the brightly colored houses there _children。Aappeal to Bappeal for Ccater to Dcater for A 解析：appeal to（sb。)“吸引某人”;appeal for“呼吁；cater to“迎合；投合（口味、爱好)”；cater for“满足的要求”。根据句意以及空格后的 children可判断答案应为 A 项。5The most important thing to do when _an emergency is _c

5、alm.Adealing with;stay Bdealt with;to stay Cdeal with；to stay Ddealt with；stay A 解析：根据后面的 an emergency 可判断第一空应用 dealing with 表主动；当主语部分含有实意动词 do,后面的不定式作表语时可以省略 to。6 Due to cultural differences,most artists find it hard to_ Chinese cross。talk to westerners。Aget across Btake over Ccome across Dcome ove

6、r A 解析:句意：由于文化差异，大部分艺术家发现很难把中国的相声传达给西方人。get across“将传达给某人；讲清楚；take over“接管”;come across“偶然发现；come over“拜访；突然感到”。根据句意可知答案为 A 项。7(2019盐城中学高三综合测试）Diplomatic communication is ongoing between Beijing and Tokyo_at avoiding a major conflict_the islands，said Shen Shishun，an expert on Asia。Pacific studies at

7、 Haikou College of Economics。Aaimed；regarding Baiming;considering Cmeant；concerning Daiming;given A 解析：第一空 aimed at.“旨在”作状语；第二空 regardingconcerning介词“关于，作定语修饰 conflict。8More and more students are_reading in our school。Abenefiting from Bcomparing to Cgiving off Dsetting out A 解析：句意：在我校，越来越多的学生正从阅读中受益

8、.benefit from “从中受益。9Smith was overweight，so the doctor urged that not only_have less fat and meat,but also he_ Ashould he;take exercise Bought he；take exercise Che should;takes exercise Dhe ought；takes exercise A 解析：urge 后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用(should)do。句意：史密斯太胖,因此医生敦促他不仅要少食脂肪和肉，而且要进行锻炼。10I recommend tha

9、t the planning_until all the materials have been supplied。Ais not started Bwill not be started Cnot be started Dis not to be started C 解析:句意：我建议当所有的材料都准备好以后再开始实施那个计划。recommend 后面的从句谓语动词要用“should动词原形”,should 可以省略，故选 C。11What about the person?Seldom in all my life_such a_ person.AI met;determining BI

10、have met;determining Cdid I meet;determined Dhave I met；determined D 解析：seldom 是否定副词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装，因此排除 A、B 两项;根据句意可知第一个空表示到现在为止的动作，因此用现在完成时；determined 是形容词,意为“意志坚定的。12 Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of their p

11、arents.Athose Bone Cboth Dthat D 解析：考查代词的用法.句意：十分之九的父母说,他们教育孩子的方法与自己父母的方法大不相同。approach 此处是特指,为单数，故为 that代替。one 为同类泛指。13（2019江苏四市调研）Look，_beautiful flowers_the girl carrying that she becomes the focus in the room.Asuch;is Bso；are Chow;is Dwhat；are A 解析：句意：看,那个女孩正拿着如此漂亮的花以至于她变成了房间里的焦点.根据句型 such形容词名词复数

12、/不可数名词助动词主语that.。,可知选 A。14（2019淮安 中学期中）If you go to the souvenir shops in places of interest，sometimes you cant help _ into buying something fake。Ato persuade Bpersuading Cbe persuaded Dbeing persuaded D 解析：考查固定结构。cant help doing sth。“忍不住做某事”，且 you 和persuade 是动宾关系,所以选 D。句意：如果你去风景区的纪念品商店，有时你忍不住被说服买一些

13、假货。15_ by the advances in technology,many farmers have set up wind farms on their land。ABeing encouraged BEncouraging CEncouraged DHaving encouraged C 解析：考查非谓语动词.句意：受科技进步的激励，很多农民在他们的土地上建了风力发电场。C 项是过去分词表被动、完成,作原因状语,符合题意；A 项是现在分词的被动式，表示被动和正在进行；B 项是现在分词，表主动和正在进行；D 项是现在分词的完成时，表主动且发生在谓语动词的动作之前。错误!阅读理解 Jo

14、seph Goldberger was a doctor for the United States Public Health Service and he was an advocate for scientific and social recognition of the links between poverty and disease。In 1914,Goldberger was asked by US。Surgeon General Rupert Blue to study a skin disease that was killing thousands of people i

15、n the South。The disease was pellagra（糙皮病）Goldberger traveled to the state of Mississippi where many people suffered from pellagra.He studied the victims and their families.Most of the people lived a hard life。The doctor came to believe that the disease didnt pass on from one to another，but was inste

16、ad related to food。He received permission from the state governor to test this idea at a prison.Prisoners were offered pardons if they took part.One group of prisoners received their usual foods，mostly corn products.A second group ate meat，fresh vegetables and drank milk。Members of the first group d

17、eveloped pellagra。The second group did not.But some medical researchers refused to accept Goldbergers idea。For the South,pellagra was more than simply a medical problem。There were other things，including Southern pride.So Goldberger had himself injected(注 射）with blood from a person with pellagra。He a

18、lso took liquid from the nose and throat of a pellagra patient and put them into his own nose and throat。He even swallowed pills that contained skin from pellagra patients.An assistant also took part in the experiments.So did Goldbergers wife。None of them got sick.Joseph Goldberger died of cancer in

19、 1929。He was fifty。five years old.Several years later，researchers discovered the exact cause of pellagra：a lack of vitamin B3 known as niacin。【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文.文章介绍了美国医生 Joseph Goldberger 研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。Joseph Goldberger 医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动。1Who were easy targets of pellagra according to Goldberger?APeople i

20、n America.BPeople put into prison.CPeople having a poor diet.DPeople touching pellagra patients。C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Most of the people lived a hard life.。the disease didnt pass on from one to another，but was instead related to food。，再结合 Goldberger 在监狱进行的实验的内容可知,在 Joseph Goldberger 看来，糙皮病和食物有关，而且患者大多生

21、活条件差；再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知，不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病。2 What did Goldberger want to prove by the experiments mentioned in Paragraph 4?APellagra wasnt so terrible.BPellagra didnt spread。CPellagra could be cured.DPellagra wasnt a medical problem。B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中提到的 Goldberger 认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观

22、点而进行的实验的内容(将患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的体内、将糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液体放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮肤组织的药丸)和结果(他没患病)可推知，Goldberger 进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不传染。3Which words can be used to describe Goldberger？ADevoted and determined.BSelfless and friendly.CPatient and expert。DStubborn and enthusiastic。A 解析：推理判断题.文中提到的 Goldberger 在监狱及在他自己身上做实验的

23、内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中,有奉献精神;尽管一些人不认可 Goldberger 的观点，但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正确的，这体现出他意志坚定。故选 A。错误!任务型阅读 Everything we do in life involves risk。In our professional lives，trying to avoid risk is itself a risk:work too cautiously，and we risk missing the chance to grow and shine,and our careers may suffe

24、r for it.We cannot avoid risk yet we often avoid thinking about it。That is a shame,because if we think strategically about risk,we can use it to increase our chances of coming through difficult situations with our goals intact。Rather than pretending risk doesnt exist，why not learn to manage it to ou

25、r own benefit？The first step：Acknowledge the risks your projects face.Start by writing a list of the things that can go wrong。That may sound gloomy,but its essential.Your list need not be very thorough，and probably never can be。But try to identify common riskslike the departure of a key colleague fo

26、r a new job or the failure of a new technique upon which your project depends。The types of risks you identify will depend on the specifics of your work.Once you have a list of risks,evaluate each one on two scales:Likelihood。Force yourself to honestly assess how likely each risk is.Impact.Then think

27、 about how much damage could occur under each situation.Now its time to draft a second,more。detailed list.Go back through your initial list and consider how you might make each potential negative outcome less likely to occur，and also how you might minimize the damage to your project if one does happ

28、en。In projectmanagement term,this step is known as risk mitigation。The mitigation is something that makes a risk less likely to spoil your overall goal。Once you have drafted your list of mitigation,the final step is to go down that list and think about which ones are“worth it”。Look at all the inform

29、ation youve gathered about your risks and mitigation,and make a call about what it makes sense to do.You probably have more intuition in this area than you realize，because most of us instinctively do risk。mitigation calculations in the non.work areas of our lives。For instance，every time you decide w

30、hether or not to buy a guarantee on a new electronic toy,youre doing this calculation in your head。You have probably been intuitively doing some sort of risk analysis in your work life，too。Moving to a more explicit analysis(but one that is more qualitative than quantitativeunless you like to play wi

31、th numbers）can encourage you to acknowledge when youre making overly optimistic assumptions。And this gives you a better chance to make plans that will withstand the failure of at least a couple of those assumptions.Bringing your risk analysis out from the field of intuition can also help you overcom

32、e a tendency to overly ignore risk.It is easier to go ahead and take a big risk when you know that you have mitigation in place and a backup plan if things go wrong.Thinking about risk can be a big scare，but really，ignoring risk is the riskiest behavior of all.Dont Avoid Risk-Manage It Passage outli

33、ne Supporting details Introduction Risk is 1。_ whatever we do。Risk is beneficial to us if we cope with it in a 2._ way.Steps to manage risk Admit the risks and make a list of3。_ errors.While evaluating them，make4。_ for likelihood and impact.Consider how to avoid the negative outcome to the greatest

34、5._ and prevent your project from being 6。_ should it happen。Take advantage of your intuition to decide which risks 7。_ your effort by analyzing all the available information.8。_ of risk analy.sis The 9。_ are that you will make more realistic assumptions。Meanwhile,a backup plan will be made for you

35、to 10._ up to failure.【解题导语】风险无处不在，而对待风险的态度以及如何处理好风险对我们至关重要。1unavoidable/inevitable 解析:信息转换题。根据第一段第一句“Everything we do in life involves risk.”可知，我们生活中做的每一件事情都包含风险，即风险是无法避免的。2。strategic/strategical 解析:信息转换题.根据第二段第二句中的“if we think strategically about risk,we can use it to.。coming through difficult sit

36、uations with our goals intact可知，如果我们战略性地考虑风险,我们就可以利用风险来增加安然渡过难关的可能性，而不使目标受损害,即如果我们战略性地处理风险，风险就可能有利于我们.3potential/possible 解析：信息转换题。根据第三段中的“Acknowledge the risks your projects face.Start by writing a list of the things that can go wrong”可知，承认面临的风险，将可能出错的事情列一个清单，即我们要承认风险并列出潜在的/可能的风险的清单。4allowance（s)解析

37、：信息转换题。根据第四段中的“Once you have a list of risks,evaluate each one on two scales”可知,一旦你列出了风险清单，就要从两个方面（即可能性和影响)来评估每一个潜在风险，即当你评估风险时，考虑一下可能性和影响。make allowance(s)for“考虑到，估计到(如在决策或计划时)”。5degree/extent 解析:信息转换题。根据倒数第五段第二句中的“consider how you might make each potential negative outcome less likely to occur,and

38、also how you might minimize the damage to your project if one does happen”可知，我们既要考虑如何最大限度地避免每一个潜在负面结果的发生，也要思考一下如果负面结果发生了，如何最大限度地减少对项目的损害,即我们要考虑最大限度地避免负面结果。6damaged/spoiled 解析:信息转换题。根据倒数第五段第二句中的“and also how you might minimize the damage to your project if one does happen”可知,如果负面结果发生了，我们需要考虑如何最大限度地减少

39、对项目的损害。7deserve 解析：信息转换题。根据倒数第四段中的“Look at all the information youve gathered about your risks and mitigation,and make a call about what it makes sense to do.You probably have more intuition in this area than you realize”可知，我们要在行动前好好思考这么做是否值得。故填 deserve“值得”.8Benefits/Advantages 解析：信息概括题.根据倒数第三段和倒数第二

40、段的内容及表格右栏的内容可知，此处主要讲的是分析风险所带来的好处。9chances 解析：信息概括题。根据倒数第三段中的“Moving to a more explicit analysis。.when youre making overly optimistic assumptions。And this gives you a better chance to make plans that will withstand the failure of at least a couple of those assumptions。可知，通过更清晰地分析风险，人们更有可能做好能经受住一系列假设失

41、败的计划.The chances are（that）。.。“可能”为固定句型。10face/stand 解析：信息转换题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“And this gives you a better chance to make plans that will withstand the failure of at least a couple of those assumptions.”可知,此处表示“经得住失败”,句中的“withstand是关键提示。故填 face/stand。face/stand up to“勇于正视（困难或不快之事），敢于面对；经得起。B 卷 错误!完形填空 Hon

42、esty is always the best policy,especially when it comes to mental health problems。In a TV _1_，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic。“I was the best student in my high school.I put so much _2_ on myself,”she said.“I never _3_a class。But I got sick during 10th grade and I starte

43、d to _4_。That was when the panic attacks began。”She goes on to describe what a panic attack _5_ like，“One day the teacher handed me my grade _6_，and I couldnt breathe.My heart was beating very _7_.I felt disconnected.I saw people trying to talk to me but I couldnt hear them。Afterwards，I was sent to

44、_8_,”she shared。It was then _9_ the attacks started happening _10_ daily，and they havent stopped。“Last year I started college.And I cant be the best student here no matter how hard I try,”she said。“Everyone is so _11_。My panic attacks got so bad that I had to _12_ my first semester.However，now she i

45、s facing her anxiety，and things are getting better。“I used to try to hide _13_.I thought that _14_ nobody knew，it would not exist，”she said。“But the more I talk about my _15_,the more I realize that other people experience _16_ things.So Im trying to express it more.I had a great teacher _17_ told m

46、e，Instead of letting anxiety keep you from doing your art，let it be the thing that _18_your art.Recently，women all over the world took to Twitter to _19_ what anxiety is like。We are _20_ alone。【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个女孩分享了她曾经的焦虑经历，后来，她勇敢面对焦虑，情况得以好转.作者借这个事例说明直面困难、坦陈问题往往是解决心理健康问题的良策。1Aproject Bprogram Cpla

47、tform Dstation B 解析:根据“In a TV _，one girl gets very real about dealing with anxiety and panic。可知，在一个电视节目（program）中，一个女孩坦诚地分享了她克服焦虑和惊恐的经历，故 B 项正确.A 项意为“项目,C 项意为“平台，D 项意为“站”，都与语境不符。2Aweight Bheight Cpressure Dmeasure C 解析：根据前一句“I was the best student in my high school.再结合该句“I put so much _ on myself”可

48、知，该句是说,在学校里这个女孩是一位优等生，她自己给自己施加了很多压力.C 项意为“压力，符合语境,故 C 项正确.A 项意为“体重”,B 项意为“身高”,D 项意为“度量单位”，都与语境不符。3Ajoined Bsucceeded Cfailed Dattended C 解析：根据上文，再结合该句“I never _a class.可知，这个女孩从没有考试不及格过；C 项意为“不及格，符合语境，故 C 项正确。A 项意为“加入”;B 项意为“成功”；D 项意为“参加”。4Afall behind Bfall down Cleave behind Dleave alone A 解析:根据上下文

49、可知,在十年级时这个女孩生病了，成绩开始落后；A 项意为“落后”，符合语境,故 A 项正确.B 项意为“跌倒；失败”;C 项意为“留下，遗留”;D 项意为“不打扰.5Alooks Bsounds Ctastes Dfeels D 解析：根据空处前后句可知,这个女孩是在描述焦虑症发作时的感觉.feel like 为固定搭配，意为“感觉像是”，符合语境，故 D 项正确。6Areport Bsurvey Cresearch Dnotice A 解析：根据该句中“One day the teacher handed me my grade _，and I couldnt breathe。可知，老师将成

50、绩单交给了这个女孩；表示“成绩单”用“grade report”，故 A 项正确.7Amildly Bwildly Cslowly Dseverely B 解析:根据后一句“I felt disconnected。可以判断，这个女孩看到了她的成绩单后感觉无法呼吸，心脏疯狂地(wildly)跳动，故 B 项正确。A 项意为“温和地；C 项意为“缓慢地”；D 项意为“严格地”。8Aschool Bwork Chospital Dhome C 解析:参见上题解析并结合该句“Afterwards，I was sent to _”可以判断,最后，这个女孩被送往医院.故 C 项正确.9Awhen Bsin