2021届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、2021 届中国人民大学附属中学分校高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Speaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days.Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone.Sometimes,though,making a call is una

2、voidable.This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people.Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought.If this sounds familiar to you,you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobiathe fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxi

3、ety,although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia.When speaking face-to-face,we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation.This is not the case over the phone.And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）make

4、s people terrified that they will freeze up,stumble over their words（失言）,or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact,telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience.However,there are things that one suffering from thin con

5、dition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile.It may sound silly,but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed.It wont delete the anxiety altogether,but it will take t

6、he edge off it.Similarly,imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly.Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems.Theres no need to spend hours on this,just a few minute

7、s thinking up a general idea of what you want to say.You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally,when faced with receiving a call,you dont always h

8、ave to pick up.Theres nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing,rememberspeaking on the phone doesnt have to make you sweat.The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1.According to t

9、he article,which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B.Performing in front of a large audience.C.Running in a race without proper shoes.D.Using a messaging app while on the subway.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with

10、 telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B.Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C.Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D.Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3.What is the main pu

11、rpose of the passage?A.To present ways to ease telephobia.B.To explain the development of telephobia C.To introduce the influence of telephobia.D.To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.B This is Scientific Americas 60-Second Science.I am Christopher Intagliata.The Apollo missions bro

12、ught back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon,thats nearly 2200 different samples.But the most interesting one,according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa,is a sample named Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱)when he turne

13、d around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box.He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials,so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺)of soil and put it into the box.Wadhwa explained.It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions.And a g

14、eologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒)of rock in the soil,which inspired him to dig deeper into the moons ancient past.“This was quite a leap of imagination he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆)ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago.This was a revolut

15、ionary idea at the time,because people had thought the moon had formed cold,so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample.She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample.Scott,a mountaineer at that time,wa

16、nted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.Neil Armstrongs last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how the moon and the Eart

17、h itself-got here.Thank you for listening for Scientific Americans 60-Second Science.4.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that _.A.Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soil B.the spaceship was about to land on the moon C.Sample Apollo1-008-5 was collected at the last minute D.scientists were not s

18、atisfied with the samples brought back by Neil 5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A.Scott made a new proposal about the moons origin.B.The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.C.Apollo 1-0-0-8-5 brought new evidence to the moons formation.D.Wadhwa and her husb

19、and climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock.6.What is this text?A.A short interview.B.An introduction to a scientist.C.An inspiring speech.D.A broadcast story of a program.7.What is the text mainly about?A.A romantic story of a moon rock.B.A big leap made by Neil Armstrong.C.An unusual task for Apollo

20、missions.D.An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.C“Your mind is a garden;your thoughts are the seeds.The harvest can either be flowers or weeds,”William Wordsworth wrote.In the above quote,William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life.Depending on what we“plant”in our lives

21、,we bloom(生长茂盛)or dont.Before you start to work in your garden,its necessary to have a vision for it.Thinking of what youwant to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality.In life,you should consider what you want to create and what you wa

22、nt to achieve,because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.Regardless of what you choose to plant,poor soil isnt suitable for growth.This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting.So,creating the right soil is important to the

23、 realization of your goals and dreams.Fortunately,there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better.Getting an education is one of the most effective ways,which can help you enrich your lifes soil.You dont have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of“You reap(收获)what

24、you sow.”When a gardener wants tomatoes,they just need to plant tomato seeds.Its a very clear act that produces an expected result.Each of us has the power to decide which“life seeds”to plant.For example,if you plant ill seeds,its likely that youll experience pain in return.Contrarily,if you plant s

25、eeds of kindness and understanding,your life will bloom with happiness and love.A gardeners trulyarduouswork begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention.Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden.So,to ensure your dreams take roo

26、t,you should be devoted,aware,and present.After countless hours and energy spent,the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.8.What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens?A.Receiving some training in planting.B.Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.C.Havin

27、g the courage to accept the worst outcome.D.Doing research on the common local garden plants.9.What is compared to getting education by the author?A.Improving the condition of the soil.B.Growing your most favorable plants.C.Taking care of the plants in your garden.D.Selecting proper goals in gardeni

28、ng work.10.What does the author want to express in Paragraph 3?A.Your quality of life depends on your positive action.B.Your experience can help you understand plants better.C.Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.D.Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.

29、11.What does the underlined word“arduous”in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Beneficial B.Creative C.Boring.D.Tough D Texas has been one of the most restrictive gun-rights states in America.Thanks to a new law,however,the state will be one of the most relaxed,to the degree that police are discouraged fro

30、m even asking about someones guns.And if they do,they may not have much power to do anything if the person refuses to show a license.To be sure,the law is strict in its own way,offering a model for regulation.Under the law,open-carry citizens have to be licensed,a process that includes safety and sh

31、ooting tests.They also have to show no prior psychological problems,and they have to be at least 21 years old.It is true that gun violence dropped sharply after restrictive laws were put in place in countries like Great Britain and Australia.However,the US public seems more interested than ever in w

32、eapons and the power they convey,despite gun control groups concern over the increase of violence.Most states in America have steadily expanded gun rights since the end of a 10-year assault(攻击)weapons ban in 2004.Black Friday this year saw the biggest gun cache(贮存)ever purchased in one day.Consideri

33、ng those trends,theres a heated debate about whether the new Texas law is a model piece of legislation(立法)for a changing America,or a walking disaster just begging for trouble.As the law doesnt provide any punishment for those who refuse to show a license to a police officer,critics fear that office

34、rs may find it tough to handle potentially deadly situations.After all,armed citizens will no longer be considered suspicious,even though a lot of people might be alarmed by the sight.Most police in Texas have been told to not engage gun carriers unless they are doing something questionable or appea

35、r drunk.For sure,New Years Day will be an exciting one for Texas gun owners.Whats not yet known is how the rest of Texas will respond.12.All of the following are required in the new Texas law for open carry EXCEPT A.age limit B.mental condition C.online registration D.gun-operating skills 13.What is

36、 mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?A.The reason for putting forward the new Texas law.B.The present situation of gun possession in America.C.The impact of the assault weapons ban in 2004.D.The inaction of the US government as to gun control.14.What do critics think the new Texas law will probably l

37、ead to?A.Heavier workload for policemen.B.Disrespect for officers.C.Lack of trust among citizens.D.Difficulty in crime prevention.15.What is the authors attitude towards the new Texas law?A.Negative.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Approving.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为

38、多余选项 Time and money are lifes most valuable resources.One of the great laws of economics is that time equals money.The phrase time is money is usually credited to Benjamin Franklin,who used it in an essay(Advice to a Young Tradesman,1748)._16_He encouraged people to treat time like money.However,mos

39、t people think about time and money in different ways._17_Poor or rich,we all have 24 hours a day,7 days a week.Thus,No one can get more time than others.In world of scarcity,we should make the best use of time.Time cannot be stored.One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limi

40、ted resources is that we cannot save time._18_You cant bottle time and exchange it for an object or event.However,when people are made aware of their limited life,they wonder if they did make the most of their life._19_ In a word,time is anything but free.As a nonrenewable resource,time is quite exp

41、ensive._20_Do we want to spend these precious moments on social media or spend that time learning something new?Skills and knowledge take time.The more time you spend on them,the more you improve.A.However,it cannot be bought at any price.B.It means time is a valuable resource.C.Time is our most lim

42、ited resource.D.Time moves no whether we choose to spend it or not.E.They will try their best to do what they want.F.How we are using our time is really a question.G.Actually,time and money are greatly different from each other.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、

43、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 For many,public speaking is a huge headache.As someone who is very shy,I never thought I could perfectly_21_a speech until I decided to_22_an English speaking competition.One day when I entered the classroom,my eyes were immediately drawn to a sign_23_that an English speaking c

44、ompetition would be hold next month.Giving a speech in front of a large audience would be a huge challenge for me._24_,I really didnt want to miss this opportunity to help_25_my confidence and cultivate(培养)my _26_speaking skills.I was torn between my desire of participating and my_27_of speaking in

45、public.In the end,I_28_myself to sign up and to take on the challenge.I didnt want to be shy any more.I carefully chose a suitable topicand constantly polished my speech to_29_it.I also practiced my pronunciation and every gesture in front of the mirror over and over again._30_,the big day arrived.I

46、 heard he hot say,Lets welcome contestant number 9.I stepped onto the stage and saw that the hall was completely_31_with people.A burst of fear took over me.I could feel my heart pounding and my palms(手掌)began to_32_and got wet.My legs trembled and I felt as cold as ice.To make matters worse,my mind

47、 went_33_and I couldnt remember what I was going to say.I was at the point of giving up when I suddenly_34_my English teacher in thecrowd,who was standing in the corner and smiling at me.Seeing her warm smile,I felt that a sense of_35_immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in my mind.My

48、only thought was that I needed to calm down and enjoy this cheerful moment on stage.I took a deep breath,calmed down and started my speech.I focused all of my attention on every word so I wouldnt make any mistakes.I gradually became_36_in my speech and my nervousness transformed into confidence and

49、excitement.It turned out that my speech was nothing but success.I_37_from the other competitors.I took my_38_at the podium(领奖台)to receive a shining medal for my speech.From what I have experienced,I know nothing is_39_.We will face many difficulties in life.These difficulties are like climbing a mou

50、ntain.It might be difficult at first,but overcoming the difficult will take you to new_40_.The view is definitely worth it.21.A.deliver B.prepare C.arrange D.write 22.A.host B.participate in C.organize D.check out 23.A.announcing B.promising C.claiming D.saying 24.A.Therefore B.So C.However D.Instea