(江苏专用)2020版高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Scienceandnature知能演练轻松闯关(.pdf

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1、Unit 3 Science and nature A 卷 错误!单项填空 1Brian had been ill for a long time and _ he was behind in his work.Anormally Bconstantly Cconsequently Doccasionally C 解析:句意:Brian 病了很长时间，因此他的工作落后了。normally“通常地,正常地；constantly“不断地,时常地;consequently“因此，所以”；occasionally“偶尔，间或”。根据句意可知，C 项正确。2 I would appreciate it

2、if you could_ my mistakes in the composition。Apoint out Bpoint to Cpoint at Dpoint up A 解析：point out“指出”；point to“提到（重要的事或理由),指向”；point at“指着”；point up“强调,明确显示”。由句意可知 A 项正确。3 When you talk about a persons _，you are referring to the country，race,or social class of their parents or ancestors.Aorigin B

3、nationality Cgeneration Drelation A 解析:句意：当你谈论一个人的出身时，往往指的是他父母或祖先所在的国家、种族或社会阶层。A 项意为“出身”;B 项意为“国籍;C 项意为“一代”；D 项意为“关系”。故 A 项正确。4Sorry，I didnt do it_.I only _to help you。Aintention；had intended Bby intention;had intended Cwith intention;intended Dwith intention;intend B 解析:句意:对不起，我不是故意那样做的，我原本只是打算帮助你的

4、。by intention“故意地”；had intended to do“原打算做”.5My bicycle is not as _ as it used to be，for the chain often locks on my way to school。Aflexible Bsensitive Cadmirable Dreliable D 解析：句意：我的自行车没有以前那么靠得住了，因为在上学途中车链经常卡住。A 项意为“灵活的，柔韧的”；B 项意为“灵敏的;易被惹恼的”;C 项意为“令人赞赏的”；D 项意为“可依靠的，可信赖的”。根据句意可知 D 项正确。6But others op

5、pose the idea _ the belief that the construction work may cause air pollution。Abase on Bbasing on Cbased on Dbases on C 解析:based on 是过去分词短语作定语，它和被修饰的名词 idea 是被动关系。7Its unwise of you not to_his suggestions，for he is an authority in this field。Aadapt Badore Cadopt Dadvance C 解析：句意：你不采纳他的建议是不明智的，因为他是这一

6、领域里的权威。adapt“适应;改编”;adore“喜欢；adopt“采纳;收养”；advance“前进；增长”。8_ by a flea，the baby kept on scratching the bite,_ the bites infected。ABitten;to make BTo bite；to make CBiting；making DBitten;making D 解析：bitten 是过去分词作原因状语，和句子的主语 the baby 是被动关系,making是现在分词作结果状语。9(2019盐城中学高三综合测试）As young people，we should alwa

7、ys take the lead_ the call of the government.Ain response to Bin relation to Cin regard to Din addition to A 解析：句意：作为年轻人我们应该带头响应政府号召。in response to“响应；回答”。10 Most workers have heard the news that their products,with excellent quality and delicate skill，are enjoying growing _ among the customers abro

8、ad。Afavor Bdignity Cresponse Dprofit A 解析：句意：很多工人已经听说了这个消息，即他们的产品由于质量好、做工精致，赢得了越来越多的国外客户的青睐.favor“偏爱，支持”，符合句意。dignity“尊贵,高尚”；response“反应，答复”;profit“利润”。11（2019南通质检)Mr.Priestly has just accepted our offer over the phone.Good，but you must ask him to _ it in writing。Aconsume Bconfirm Cconsult Dconduct

9、B 解析：句意:-Priestly 先生刚在电话里接受了我们的请求.-好,但你应该请他以书面的形式确定下来.confirm“确认,确定”.12 （2019 江 苏 如 东 中 学 检 测）_ a distinctive scenic spot worth _，Yangzhou,a friendly city，appeals to visitors from all over the world。AConsidered；visited BConsidered;visiting CConsidering；visiting DConsidering；being visited B 解析：consid

10、er 和主语 Yangzhou 之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式；worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”,故选 B。13(2019南京、盐城模拟）He abandoned teaching_ a career as a musician.Ain favor of Bin terms of Cwith regard to Dwith reference to A 解析：句意：为了他的音乐事业，他放弃了教学.in favor of“有利于，支持,赞成;in terms of“根据，依而言”;with regard to“关于，说起”;with reference to“提及，参考。故

11、判断选 A。14When you are lost,there is nothing _than to stay where you are，waiting for help.Amore Bbetter Cworse Drather B 解析：句意:当你迷路的时候，最好的方式就是待在原处不动,等待援助.There is nothing better than to do sth。是固定句式，意为“最好做某事;没有比再好了，否定词比较级表示最高级含义。15Though animals dont have languages as human beings，they have their own

12、special ways to _ their feelings to each other。Adistribute Bspread Ctransform Dconvey D 解析：句意：虽然动物不像人类一样有语言，但它们有自己独特的方式来彼此表达情感。distribute“分发；spread“展开，传播；transform“使改变，使转化”;convey“传送，表达。根据句意可知应选 D。错误!阅读理解 A Johannes Vermeer is such a quiet and introspective（内省的)artist that it took hundreds of years

13、for anyone to notice he was a genius。A major Vermeer exhibition opens this month at the Louvre in Paris，whose permanent collection includes his great painting of a woman absorbed in close，visually demanding work,The Lacemaker(about 1669 1670）.Like other paintings by Vermeer,this image represents mod

14、ern culture.So attracted are todays art lovers by Vermeer that it was thought shocking when a recent survey found that 82%of Americans cant name who painted Girl with a Pearl Earring。Well，maybe they dont go to the movies much。It is not true to say he was forgottenthat would suggest he was famous in

15、his lifetime。He was not.Vermeer was one more painter among the many who worked for money in the Dutch Republic in the 17th century。He was not a star like Rembrandt。He obviously took himself and his art seriously.His self。referential painting The Art of Painting proves that.Even though he worked all

16、his life in Delft,he painted only 35 known works and left his family poor when he died in 1675 at the age of 43。It is fitting that Paris is celebrating Vermeer,because it was the French avant。garde(先锋派)in the 19th century who saved him from being completely forgotten.Compare his painting Woman in Bl

17、ue Reading a Letter or The Little Street with Edouard Manets A Bar at the Folies.Bergre（1882)or Camille Pissarros The Boulevard Montmartre at Night（1897)and it is easy to see why the art of Vermeer found its natural audience in Parisian Bohemia.All these artists are likely to have known about and ad

18、mired Vermeer due to the efforts of the critic Thor Brger,a veteran of the 1848 Revolution.Vermeers rediscovery is part of the history of modern French art.Vermeer is not only a great artist。He is a great modern artist。【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了著名画家 Johannes Vermeer 的生平和他的艺术特点。1How many paintings produced

19、 by Vermeer are mentioned in the text？AFour.BFive.CSix.DSeven.B 解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文共提及 Vermeer 的五幅画作，包括第二段提及的The Lacemaker、第三段提及的Girl with a Pearl Earring、第四段提及的The Art of Painting、第五段提及的Woman in Blue Reading a Letter和The Little Street，故 B 项正确。2What can we know about Vermeer from Paragraph 4?AHe was

20、well。known when he was alive.BHe gained a good fortune for his family.CHe didnt witness the popularity of his works。DHe considered painting as a way to have fun.C 解析:推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句可知，尽管他终身在代尔夫特工作，但是直到他在 43 岁去世时仅留下了 35 件被人们所知的作品，他是在贫困中离世的;结合第一段可知，人们在数百年后才发现他的艺术价值；据此可以判断,他没能看到他的作品受欢迎，故 C项正确。3Who made

21、 a great contribution to introducing Vermeer to other artists?ARembrandt。BHis family.CAmerican art lovers.DThor.Brger.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段可知，由于评论家 Thor.Brger 的努力,Vermeer 才被这些艺术家认可，故 D 项正确。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ARediscovery of Vermeer BAnecdotes About Vermeer CGreat M

22、odern French Art DThe Tough Way to Success in Art A 解析：标题归纳题.通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了画家 Johannes Vermeer 的生平和他的艺术特点。Johannes Vermeer 在世时，画作并不为人所知，在贫困中死去;数百年后人们才发现他是艺术天才。故 A 项最适合作本文的标题。B I have been in Limoges for a month now.Since living here,I have tried to integrate(融入）into the local community and one way I

23、 have found to do this is by following the local rugby team。I decided to look for information on the local rugby team after the tourism office could not help me。I searched for the club office online and decided to look into it.The following day I went back to the club after speaking with them and de

24、cided to get a season ticket for the rest of my stay here.I will now be going to each home game as well as travelling to the away games with the team and the fans.I am sure that it is going to be a great experience during my time abroad here。I will also be travelling through various regions of Franc

25、e so I will be visiting new places throughout the season.There is another team in a town called Brive not so far away which plays in the top league in France，but I decided to stay local。I may go and see them with other assistants if possible during our stay。I witnessed a friendly match on Saturday.T

26、he match finished 70.12。After the match，both teams went to the clubhouse to see the Rugby World Cup semi。final between New Zealand and Australia。Both teams respected each other，which is something you dont always see in other sports。I spoke to the president of the club after the game and he told me,“

27、This is a family club.”Hopefully this year will be a good year in Limoges.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在法国的 Limoges 工作期间，为了适应并融入当地人的生活而密切关注当地的橄榄球队，空闲的时候就去观看比赛。5How did the writer try to integrate into Limoges community?ABy taking part in the local rugby team.BBy watching the rugby matches in Limoges.CBy playing

28、 often with the people in Limoges。DBy paying close attention to the local rugby team.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“I have tried to integrate(融入)into the local community and one way I have found to do this is by following the local rugby team”可知,作者通过密切关注当地的橄榄球队来尽力融入社区.故选 D。6The underlined word“it in the seco

29、nd paragraph refers to“_”Athe club office Bthe local rugby team Cthe tourism office Dthe local community B 解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的第一句“I decided to look for information on the local rugby team after the tourism office could not help me。”可知，当地旅游局不能帮助作者，作者决定自己去寻找有关当地橄榄球队的信息。故此处的 it 指代“the local rugby team”，故选

30、B。7Why did the two teams go to the clubhouse after the match?ATo show respect to each other。BTo watch the Rugby World Cup semi。final.CTo clean the club together.DTo exchange experience with each other。B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句“After the match，both teams went to the clubhouse to see the Rugby World Cup se

31、mi。final between New Zealand and Australia.可知，选 B。8What can we infer from the text?AThe writer must be a top rugby player。BThe writer is likely to be a boss of a rugby club.CThe writer is likely to come from Australia。DThe writer probably works as an assistant in France.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“I may g

32、o and see them with other assistants if possible during our stay.”可知,作者在法国的时候只要有可能都会和其他的助理一同去看橄榄球比赛。由此可推断，作者可能是一位在法国工作的助理，故选 D。B 卷 错误!完形填空 I was a shy kid。Nothing seemed harder than talking to people。I didnt even like to answer the phone for fear that Id have to talk to somebody I didnt know._1_,at

33、school I had to spend all day in the company of others。My _2_was studying.It was something I could do _3_and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was _4_with good grades。Eventually I went to college。I came to realize that some people were rather fun to _5_with.Yet my childhood _6_carried ove

34、r and I found myself tonguetied and _7_whenever I found myself in a conversation.One day while on campus，I _8_an advertisement for a position on the local classical music _9_station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it.In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed

35、.I had absolutely no background in radio,and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners _10_me.I didnt really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a（n)_11_ Two weeks _12_，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job。It was a _13_job，but I grew to en

36、joy it。I announced music to thousands of _14_in the city,sometimes answering their calls and _15_to their requests.I began to feel comfortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldnt even _16_ Although I now spend much time talking with people,Im still basically a _17_person.My former

37、shyness is a gift,as I can _18_people who feel discomfort when they talk to strangers。I still enjoy moments of being _19_。But Im also glad I decided to make a _20_in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed。【解题导语】该文主要讲述了害羞的作者通过应聘电台工作而实现自我突破的故事。1AHowever BTherefo

38、re COtherwise DBesides A 解析：根据上下文可知,此处表示逻辑上的转折关系。然而，作者在学校里不得不和同学们相处.2Aadvice Bpractice Ctask Descape D 解析：根据上文的“I was a shy kid.”可推知，害羞的作者在学校用学习来逃避与人交流。3Aobviously Bsimply Cquietly Dpoorly C 解析:与语境“by myself呼应可推知，作者一个人安安静静地做功课。4Afilled Brewarded Cdecorated Dfaced B 解析：与语境“with good grades呼应可推知,作者在学习

39、上的付出得到了丰厚的回报,成绩突出.5Ahelp out Bcatch up Cput up Dhang out D 解析:由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最终意识到了和朋友相处是有趣的。hang out“常去某处”.6Ahappiness Bshyness Ckindness Dgoodness B 解析：根据上文的“I was a shy kid。”并结合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年时代的害羞个性还存在。7Aexcited Bastonished Cembarrassed Dinterested C 解析：根据“I found myse

40、lf tonguetied”可推知,和他人交流时沟通不顺畅是令人尴尬的。8Anoticed Bposted Crealized Dbelieved A 解析：根据语境可知，作者在校园里注意到了一则让他感兴趣的广告。9Afire Bgas CTV Dradio D 解析：根据下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，这是一则电台的招募广告。10Aterrified Bpleased Csatisfied Damazed A 解析：根据“I had absolutely no background in radio 并结合下文的“I didnt

41、 really want the job.”可推知,作者因自己没有广播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，与下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼应。11Achild Bsinger Cinterviewer Dapplicant C 解析：作者害怕与成千上万的听众交流，只想证明自己能够和面试官交谈。12Aago Blater Cbefore Dsince B 解析：根据语境可推知，时间已经过去了两周。13Awellpaid Bpuzzling Ccomfortable Dchallengi

42、ng D 解析：根据上文可知，这项工作需要与成千上万的听众交流,这对作者来说有一定的挑战性，且与语境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼应。14Alisteners Bfollowers Cviewers Ddancers A 解析：与上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners_me呼应可推知，此处表示作者给听众播放音乐。15Areferring Bresponding Coffering Dcomparing B 解析：与语境“answering their calls”呼应可推知，作者回应听众的要求。16Af

43、eel Bmove Chear Dsee D 解析:根据上文可知，作者应聘的是电台工作，和听众们基本上是不见面的.17Abusy Bwarm Cquiet Dsmart C 解析：根据“still”的提示并结合上文的“I was a shy kid.”可推知,作者尽管现在花费很多时间和人们交流，但是本质上还是一个不多说话的人,与下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼应.18Alook into Brelate to Ccombine with Dworry with B 解析:结合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能够理解那些和他

44、相同的人。relate to“理解，认同”。19Aalone Balive Cactive Dawake A 解析:根据上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍旧喜欢独处。20Aplan Bmistake Cchange Ddream C 解析:根据语境可推知，作者通过做电台工作有了重大改变,从而人生有了更多的可能性.错误!阅读理解 A Venus,the Wildest Adventure in 3016!A trip to the moon,to Mars?You are out.Venus（金星)is your choice！Our spaceshi

45、p carries you there at the speed of light！Amazing Venus Facts Temperature range：Always about 450 degrees Celsius.Great for barbecues!Seasons：No seasons。Always visit during best season!Gravity strength:0.91 of Earths gravity.Makes you lighter and more alive than ever!Water：None.All boiled away。Day le

46、ngth：1 day243 Earth days.Longest days in solar system,so fun never ends!Rate of turning：0。002 km/second.Turns in opposite direction of the earth，so able to see sun rise in the west and set in the east。Year length:1 year224。7 Earth days or 0。62 of an Earth year.Rate of revolution：35.03 km/second。Atmo

47、sphere:Very thick.96%carbon dioxide，3%nitrogen，and 0.1%water vapor。Cant support life：Suffocating carbon dioxide,thick clouds of sulfuric acid,and gases create greenhouse effect so very hot and no water。Your Accommodations*You will travel on a high tech rocket ship that will transport you from Earth

48、to Venus in a mere 2。4 minutes by traveling at the speed of light.This trip will cost only$750，000.Our two hotels are very luxurious and are super strong,allowing you to lie on the ground without being crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere。They are called Venus Heaven and Rocket Palace,and the c

49、ost to stay is only$200 per night。Youll get your moneys worth at these two hotels,receiving free meals every day.To book a trip,call 1。800。【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了 3016 年组织的一次到金星的冒险旅行并介绍了金星的一些情况。1What would you see if you faced east on Venus？AThe rising sun.BThe circling earth.CThe setting sun.DThe full m

50、oon。C 解析：细节理解题。根据 Amazing Venus Facts 部分第六段第二句可知，在金星上面向东方可以看到日落。故 C 项符合题意.2During the trip to Venus，you would pay nothing for _ Aservice Bfood Cthe spaceship Dthe hotel B 解析：细节理解题。根据 Your Accommodations 部分第二段最后一句可知,在去金星旅行期间,你的食物不需要付费。故 B 项符合题意。3Which section of a magazine is the text from？AFashion c