初中英语形容词副词比较级和最高级知识总结.doc.pdf

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1、形容词的比较等级和最高等级形容词的比较等级和最高等级：形容词的比较级和最高级的构成形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则变化：规则变化：1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况一般情况以 e 结尾的词以“辅音+y”结尾的词构成方式)加-er 或-est.加-r 或-st原级newlongfinelateearlyhappy比较级newerlongerfinerlaterearlierhappierhotterthinnerfatter最高级newestlongestfinestlatestearliesthappiesthottestthinnestfattest变 y 为 i 再加-er

2、 或-est重读闭音节的词末尾只有￥一个辅音字母hot先双写辅音字母，再加-erthinfat或-est2 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more 或 most。如：原级比较级最高级usefulmore useful most usefuldifficultmore difficult most difficultdeliciousmore delicious most delicious3有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化：原级原级good/wellbad/illmanymuchlittleoldfarolder（新旧或年龄）/elder（兄弟姐妹的长幼关系）oldest/elde

3、stfarther（表示距离，译为“更远”）/further（表示。程度，译为“进一步的”）farthest/furthest比较级比较级最高级最高级bestworstmostleastbetterworse/moreless总结为“两好，两坏，两多，一少，一老，一远”不规则。注意：few-fewer-fewesthealthy-healthier-healthiestfriendly-friendlier-friendliestcrowded-more crowded-most crowded改错：1，Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10.2，My m

4、other is younger than your.3，He is one of longest boys in his class.4，The boy doesnt draw much well.；5，Betty is the youngest on the three girls.6，Tom runs faster than any other girl in his class.7，There is fewer bread in the fridge.8.Mother is the busiest of my family.9，Jim is shorter of the two boy

5、s.10，You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth.（一）形容词比较级的用法形容词比较级的用法1形容词的比较级可以单独使用：Be more careful next time.下次小心点。Which book is better 哪本书更好2也可以和 than 连用，表示两者相比，than 后可以跟：a.名词或代词：He is older than me/I.他年龄比我大。b.动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating.滑雪比滑冰更刺激。c.从句：I was a better singer

6、 than he was.我唱歌比他好。（二）形容词比较级的修饰语形容词比较级的修饰语修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no,a little,a bit,much,even,still,a lot,any等.只用于修饰比较级的：much;still;even在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用 any 来修饰.He cant jump any higher.他不能跳得更高了.Can he jump any higher 他能跳得更高一些吗Do you feel any better today 你今天感觉好一点了吗If you can jump any hi

7、gher,I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你.注意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：My sister is ten years younger than me.我妹妹比我小十岁。句型 1：as+形容词原形+asThis jacket is as beautiful as that one.句型 2.not as+形容词原形+as或not so+形容词原形+as“前者不及不如 后者This school is not as beautiful as that one.表达前者不如后者还可以用：less+原级+thanThis school is le

8、ss beautiful than that one。句型 3：1）表示“是.的几倍时”.倍数+as 原级 as.This garden is ten times as large as that one。这个花园是那个的九倍大。倍数的表达：once;twice;three times;four times.2）表示“比.多几倍”倍数+比较级+than.His garden is 9 times larger than that one.他的花园比那个大九倍。句型 4：比较级+than any other+单数名词“比其他的任何一个.”He is taller than any other b

9、oy in his class.比较级+than(all)the other+复数名词“比其他的.”He is taller than the other boys in his class.句型 5：the+比较级+of the two(the twins.)“两个中较.”Amy is the shorter of the two girls.句型 6：(单音节)比较级+and+比较级”（多音节）“more and more+原级”，越来越better and betterfatterandfattermore and more beautiful句型 7：the 比较级+句子，the 比较

10、级+句子越，越。The harder you study,the better grades you will get.（三）最高级的使用最高级的使用(三者或三者以上)形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略 the,句型 1：the+最高级+of/ina.in 表示“在内(指某范围内)”可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词.My mother is the busiest in my familyb.of 表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接Jim works hardest of us all.Of the mountains,this is thehighest.句型 2：One

11、 of+the+最高级+名词复数“最的之一”One of themost important languages is English.最重要的语言之一是英语。句型 3the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in 短语“在中是第几个”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.1.比较级中为了避免重复，常用one/that/those 替代名词。往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。This pen is shorter than that one.The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai.The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.