初中英语现在完成时.pdf

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1、现在完成时现在完成时二结构：助动词 have/has+过去分词 done:一含义：表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词 done否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词 done一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词 done简略答语：Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+havent/hasnt.过去分词：1、规则动词规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：（(1).一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”:work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited(2

2、).以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”:live-lived-lived,(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将y 变为 i，再加“ed”:study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”:stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped2.不规则动词三用法1.现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果对现在造成的影响或结果，有以下四大标志词:already,justalready,just和和 yetyet：He has already

3、 got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。everever 和和 nevernever：This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。以动作发生的次数为标志以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times.so farso far，before,recently,l

4、atelybefore,recently,latelyHe has bought a new car recently.I havent heard from him Jane lately.Scientists havent found the cure of AIDS so far.现在完成时不能和明确表示过去时间的状语连用，如ago,yesterday,last year,atthat time,then 等。2.2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作持续到现在的动作,常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时

5、的句子），或how long 连用:for+for+时段时段Mary has been ill for three days.since+since+过去一个时间点过去一个时间点（译为：自从 以来）He has been a teacher since 1998.since+since+时段时段+ago+agoHe has studied English since 4 years ago.since+since+从句（过去时）从句（过去时）I have lived here since I was born.It is+It is+时段时段+since+since+从句（过去时）从句（过去时

6、）$It is three days since he arrived here.非延续性动词 leave,arrive,come,go,return,join,die,buy,borrow等的完成时，在肯定句中不能与for 或 since 等引导的时间段连用：他到这里三天了。He has arrived here for three days.He has been here for three days.It is three days since he arrived here.It has been three days since he arrived here.；四四.Have g

7、one to,have been to,.Have gone to,have been to,与与 have been inhave been in 的区别的区别have/has gone(to)have/has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your fatherHe has gone to Shanghai.have/has been(to)have/has been(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.have/has been inhave/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My f

8、ather has been in Shanghaifor two months./since two months ago.for two months./since two months ago.【练一练】句型转换：1.He has already gone home.He _ _ home _.(否定句)_ _ _ _ he been there(划线提问)4.I have lunch at school.用 never,ever,already,yet,for,since 填空1.I have _ seen him before,so I have no idea about him.

9、2.Jack has _ finished his homework _ an hour ago.3.Mr.Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4.5._ he _ home _(疑问句)He _ lunch at home.(否定句)_ he _lunch at home(疑问句)2.He has lunch at home.3.He has been there twice._ _ you _ lunch.(划线提问)“Have you _ seen the film”“No,I have _ seen it.”6.“Has the bus

10、 left _”“Yes,it has _ left.”翻译下列句子：1.他们已经打扫了教室吗2.我们已经认识有二十年了。3.4.打那以后，她一直住在这。5.“你曾经到过那里吗”“不，我从来没到过那里。”5.我父亲以前到过长城。6.我来到海南已经一周了。7.他这些天上哪儿去了五现在完成时与一般过去时的区别五现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有关系。现在完成时所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响，或一直持续着：I have lost my Nokia X7.(=I lost my Nokia X7 and I have

11、 no Nokia X7 now.)He bought a house 10 years ago.十年前他买了栋房子。（现在是否还拥有那栋房子就说不定了）He has bought a house.他已经买了房子。（到说话的这时候他仍然拥有那栋房子）【练一练】用适当的时态填空：1.Shes _(live)here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _(be)in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them _(come)to Hongkong ten days ago.4.Half an hour _(pass)since

12、 the train _(leave).5.Mary_(lose)her pen._ you _(see)it here and there-No I _ just _(have)some orange.6._ you _(find)your watch yet7.-Are you thirsty8.We _already _(return)the book.9._ they _(build)a new school in the village10.I _(not finish)my homework.Can you help me11.My father _(read)the novel

13、twice.12.I _(buy)a book just now.13.I _(lost)my watch yesterday.%14.My father _(read)this book since yesterday.【不规则动词过去式、过去分词表(1)AAAAAA 型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）动词原形过去式动词原形过去式过去分词过去分词cost（花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit（打）；hitlethitlethurt(伤害）put（放）hurtputhurtputlet（让）read（读）readread(2)AAB AAB 型（动词原形与过去式同形）动词原形

14、过去式过去分词beatbeatenbeat（跳动）(3)ABAABA 型（动词原形与过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形!过去分词过去式become（变成）became*becomeruncome（来）camecomeranrun（跑）(4)ABB ABB 型（过去式与过去分词同形）动词原形过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词过去式dream（想）dreamed/dreamtbring（带来）broughtdreamed/dreamtspell（拼写）broughtbuy（买）bought!spelled/speltspelled/speltboughtbuild（建设）feed(喂养)bu

15、ilt?builtfedcatch（抓住）feel（感觉）caughtfeltcaughtfeltfedfight（战斗）foughtfought(foundfoundfind（找到）get（得到）gotgothave/has（有）had/hadhold（抓住）heldheldhear（听见）heardheardleave（离开）、leftlend（借出）lentlentleftlose（丢失）lostlost，learntlearntlearn（学习）meet（遇见）wonwonmean（意思是）meant：meantmake（制造）send（传送）made;madesentpay(付出)s

16、tand（站着）paidstoodpaidstoodsentsleep（睡）sleptslept!spentspentspend（花费）stick 粘住stuckstucksit（坐）sat)satsweep（扫）sell（卖）sweptsweptsoldsmell（闻）say（说）smeltsaidsmeltsaidsoldteach（教）taughttaughtthoughtthoughtthink（想）tell（告诉）toldtoldunderstand(明白)understoodunderstoodwin（赢）wonwon(5)ABC 型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）过去式过

17、去分词动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形am/is（是）was&are(是)werebeenbeenbegin（开始）beganbegunbreak（打破）:brokenbrokechoose（选择），chosedidchosendonedrive（驾驶）drink（喝）drovedrankdrivendrunkdo（做）draw（画）dreweat（吃）ateeatendrawnfall（落下）fellfallenfly（飞）flownflewforget（忘记）)forgotgaveforgottengivengo（去）grow（生长）wentgrewgonegrowngive（给）hide

18、隐藏hidknow（知道）knewknownhiddenlie（平躺）laylainrise（升高）;risenroseride（骑）rodeshookriddenshakensee（看见）sawseenspokenspeak（说，讲）spokeshake（握手）sing（唱）sangswim（游泳）swamswumsungthrow（投掷）threwthrowntake（取）?takentookwrite（写）wroteworewrittenwornmistake（弄错）mistookwake（醒）wokemistakenwokenwear（穿）(6)(6)情态动词情态动词动词原形过去分词动

19、词原形过去式过去分词过去式can 可以could-might-may 可能shall 应该should-will 将要would/-小升初英语全真模拟试卷小升初英语全真模拟试卷姓名：姓名：成绩：成绩：一、语音知识：请区分划线部分的读音，如有一种读音，填“一、语音知识：请区分划线部分的读音，如有一种读音，填“1 1”；两种读音，填“；两种读音，填“2 2”；三；三种读音，填“种读音，填“3 3”；四种读音，填“；四种读音，填“4 4”。（每小题（每小题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）()1.A.yetB.yesC.cryD.silly()2.A.earlyB.hearC.nearD.e

20、ar()3.A.mendedB.invitedC.calledD.arrived()4.A.chooseB.chessC.watchD.chemistry()5.A.keyB.keepC.wineD.west()6.A.washB.fatC.aboutD.after()7.A.factB.cutC.closeD.ceiling()8.A.aboveB.momentC.toD.opposite()9.A.tripB.trickC.treeD.metre()10.A.seeB.bestC.discoverD.miss二、单项选择。二、单项选择。（每小题（每小题 1 1 分，共分，共 2020 分）

21、分）()1.do you spell“book”B-O-O-K,book.】A.HowB.WhatC.WhatsD.Where()2.They sat on the chair and _a chat.A.hadB.haveC.got.D.met()3.Look!GaoShan is getting_ the bus.A.upB.forC.onD.in()4.David is making plans _his class meeting.A.withB.toC.forD.of()5.The pizza _by my mother.Would to like to have some，A.ma

22、kesB.was makingC.madeD.was made()6._the brother and the sister_ good at maths at school.A.Either;isB.Neither;isC.Both;areD.All;are()is one of _in China.A.More popular sportB.the most popular sportC.more popular sportsD.the most popular sports()is the first time I _Beijing.A.visitB.visitedC.had visit

23、edD.havevisited;%()my way home,I stopped _some fruit.A.buyB.buyingC.to buyD.bought()is the date today-_.A.It is Saturday.B.It is July 1stC.On SaturdayD.InJuly()11.Three days_ he died.A.afterB.behindC.laterD.in front of()is _and _in China.A.sunny;snowyB.sunny;coldC.sunny;hotD.warm;snowy?()13.The stud

24、ents in Class 2 are very_.A.excitingB.excitedC.exciteD.excitd()14.I asked him_ it to the police station.A.to takeB.takeC.tookD.taking()15.Look,danger!Please_ touch it.A.cantB.notC.dontD.no()are your clothes,please_.A.put it on.B.put on themC.put them onD.put on it()17.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes.

25、Youd better _ them right now.A.WashedB.washingC.washD.towash()18.Shanghai is _ the east of China.A.toB.atC.onD.in()19.Would you like to _with meA.goingB.goesC.wentD.go()20.We have_ to the bus stop.A.10 minutes walkB.10 minutes walkC.10 minute walkD.10 minuteswalk三、词汇运用。三、词汇运用。（每空（每空 1 1 分，共分，共 2020

26、分）分）（I I）在下列各句）在下列各句 A A、B B 或或 C C 中找出与划线部分意义相近的词或句子。中找出与划线部分意义相近的词或句子。()1.WangHai does well in English.A.likesB.speaksC.is writingD.is good at()2.Id like some melons.A.I wantB.I likeC.I needD.I eat()3.Let me see.A.look atB.think overC.watchD.know()4.How does she go thereA.get upB.doC.getD.come()5.

27、We have three lessons this afternoon.A.textsB.glassesC.classesD.books（IIII）（IIIIII）根据句意和首字母，写出句中所缺单词。根据句意和首字母，写出句中所缺单词。1.Christmas is the most important f_ in western country.2.Today I am free.But yesterday I was b_.3.Could you tell me the w_ to the Guangzhou Zoo.4.Do you often make a shopping l_ be

28、fore you go shopping.5.January is the f_ month of a year.(III)(III)根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。根据题意，用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Let s _(speak)English in(not speak)Chinese.*2.There _(be)eight _(thousand)books in our library.3.Everyone in the _(live)room is quiet.4.Don t _(forget)to close the door when you go outside.5.This b

29、ook is the lightest and _(thin)of all the books.6.Tom _(go)to plant trees every year.He_(go)to plant trees next day.7.The girl sometimes _(have)lunch at home.四、按要求改写句子。四、按要求改写句子。（每小题（每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）1.Jackie has lunch at school.(改为一般疑问句)_2.You need to take the medicine three times a day.（就划线

30、部分提问）_like summer best.(改为同义句)_ _ _ is summer4.Tom is reading books in the library.（就划线部分提问）_5.A cat is looking for something to eat.(改为过去式)_五、完形填空。五、完形填空。（每小题（每小题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分）分）English names and Chinese names are quite different in some 1ways,but its not hard forus to know Unlike Chinese,most

31、 English people have 2names.One is their family name,bothof the other names are given names Their family name is 3 the given name.They use Mr.,Mrs.or Miss with the 4name,but they never use 5 with the first name For example,we can6 a man named James Allan Green Mr.Green,7 we cant call him Mr.James or

32、 Mr.AllanPeople usually use Jim 8James Jim is short for James because its 9to rememberBut Chinese names are the oppositeA girl with the name Han Limei10 her family name Hanfirst Of course,she can be called Ah Mei for short in China if you wish()1Aanother Bother Cothers Dthe others()2Aone Btwo Cthree

33、 Dfour()3AaboveBfront Cback Dbehind()4Alast Bgiven CmiddleDfull()5Atheir BthemCitsDit()6Aask Bsay Ccall Dwrite()7AsoBor Cand Dbut()8Ainstead of Bfor long Cso far Dnext to()9AimportantBeasyCdifficult Dinteresting()10Aput Bputting CputsDwas put六、阅读理解。六、阅读理解。（每小题（每小题 2 2 分，共分，共 2020 分）分）（I I）Today is S

34、unday,so Peter doesnt go out.He asks his parents about the traditional Chineseclothes.Mother tells him that Qipao is the traditional dress for women in China.It is usuallymade of colourful silk and sometimes made of cotton.Many women in the west like it very muchtoo.Father can remember that all the

35、VIPs wore Tang suit(唐装)at APEC in Shanghai.They alllooked smart in the traditional Chinese clothes.Many young people find it cool to wear theclothes in their own styles.Peters cousin says the modern clothes are better.Finally,they thinkthe fashion should be comfortable first.()does Peter talk with h

36、is parentsA.At home.B.At school.C.At APEC in ShanghaiD.At a fashion show.()2.Qipao is usually made of.A.cottonB.leatherC.silkD.paper()VIPs at APEC in Shanghai wore clothes in.A.modern styleB.Tang styleC.the style from the 1980sD.their own styles()s_ is at his home too.A.sisterB.brotherC.grandfatherD

37、.cousin()think the clothes should be _ first.A.beautifulB.cheapC.comfortableD.expensive（II II）Helen Keller lived in the USA.When she was a baby,she got very sick.After she was better,she couldnt see and hear well.A few years later,things got worse.There was no way for Helen tospeak to other people.S

38、he heard nothing,She saw nothing.She didnt understand anything.One day a teacher came to live with Helen and her family.The teacher helped Helen learnabout words.Helen was such a bright girl that she could spell her first word soon.When she wasolder,she went to college.Helen became very famous later

39、.She traveled around the world and helped many blind anddeaf people.The world remembers her today as a brave and wonderful person.She was blindand deaf,but she found a way to see and hear.()Keller got very sick when_A.she was a babyB.she went to collegeC.she was taught by a teacherD.she was very old

40、()7._taught Helen Keller her first word.A.Helen herselfB.Helens teacherC.Helens doctorD.Helens parents()Keller was famous because_A.she traveled around the world.B.she was an American.C.her teacher taught her many things.D.she helped many disabled people in theworld.()admires Helen Keller because_A.

41、she was very talentedB.she was blind and deafC.she was brave and wonderfulD.she wont to college()Keller was blind and draft,but_A.she found a way to understand the worldB.she found a way to travel around theworldC.she met a good teacherD.she was proud of her parents七七、写作。、写作。（1010 分）分）请你想象一下公园发生的事情，以“In the park”为题写一篇小作文。要求：条理清楚，语句通顺，书写规范，不少于50 词。_