(新课标)2020高考英语一轮总复习第1部分Book5Unit1Gettingalongwithot.pdf

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1、Book 5 Unit 1 Getting along with others 晨读暮诵 单元话题-人际关系 1stress v强调 2considerate adj.体贴的 3depressed adj.失望的，沮丧的 4harmonious adj。和谐的 5shortcoming n缺点 6consequently adv。所以;因此 7benefit n&v。益处；使受益;得益于 8familiar adj。熟悉的 9appreciate v感激;欣赏 10communicate v交流；沟通 11precious adj.珍贵的 12relationship n人际关系 13fall

2、 in love with 相爱；爱上 14trust each other 相互信任 15turn to sb。for help 向某人求助 16look down upon 看不起；轻视 17takeseriously 认真对待 18think highly/much of sb。对评价高 19make up 和解 20be on good terms with sb。与某人关系好 1Not until then did I realize the value of friends。直到那时我才意识到了朋友的价值。2 As we all know，making friends can he

3、lp us establish good interpersonal relationships，and build a harmonious society.众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系,也有利于构建和谐社会。3 Being polite is the most important step to develop a relationship among friends。礼貌是建立朋友关系时最重要的一步.4What I want to stress is that each of us should listen more to others。我想强调的是我们中的每一个人都应该

4、更多地倾听别人。5To build a good relationship，we should trust each other first.要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任.生活中我们都需要朋友，我们该结交怎样的朋友，不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation），按要求用英语写一篇短文。A true friend is a source of strength and hope.Jonathan Lockwood Huie 内容要求：1你对该引语的理解；2你的相关经历；3恰当的结尾。注意:1。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；2文中不能出现考生的具体信息；3词数 100

5、 左右.参考范文 This_quotation_from_Jonathan_Lockwood_Huie_tells_us_that real friends can give us strength and hope when we are in trouble and real friends can benefit from each other.We need such friends who can point out our mistakes directly and who have the same life goals as us。Once I failed again and

6、 again in my math and lost interest in it，it was my best friend who encouraged me not to give up and offered help in time。With his kind and selfish help，I gradually caught up with others.So I say we need friends but what we most need is a friend that can rich our life。高频词汇 1_（vt。)出卖，背叛 2_(vi。&vt。）假装

7、;装扮，扮作 3_(adj。)愉快的,高兴的；令人愉快的 4_(vi。&vt。)集中注意力于，使聚焦；(n.)焦点；重点 5_(n。）方式;态度，举止 6_(n.&vi。)评论，谈论 7_(vi。）争吵，争论 8_(adj。)令人尴尬的，别扭的;笨拙的 9_(n。vi.）争吵，争执 10_（adj.）易生气的;敏感的；体贴的 11_(vt.n。）羡慕，忌妒 12_(vt.)责备，指责(n.)(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 13_(adj。)有天赋的，有才华的 14_（adj。）荒唐的；怪诞的 15_(vt.）克服，解决 16_(n。)话题 17_（n.）态度，看法 18_（vi。)做出反应，

8、回应 19_（n.）平安，安全；安全措施 20_（n.)宽恕；仁慈【答案】1。betray 2.pretend 3。cheerful 4.focus 5.manner 6remark 7。argue 8。awkward 9.quarrel 10。sensitive 11。envy 12。blame 13。gifted 14.absurd 15。overcome 16.topic 17.attitude 18。respond 19.security 20。mercy 派生词汇 1_（vt。vi。)承认;允许进入，接纳_（过去式,过去分词）_（n。）承认；许可 2 _(vt。&vi。）发 誓；郑

9、重 承 诺；咒 骂，说 脏 话 _（过 去式)_(过去分词)3_(vt。）原谅,宽恕_（过去式)_(过去分词）_（n。)宽恕 4_(adj。）内疚的；有罪的_(adv.)内疚地；有罪地_（n.）罪行；内疚 5_（adj.）伤人的；残酷的，残忍的_(adv。）残酷地_(n.）残酷；虐待 6_(vi。)道歉_（n。)道歉 7_（adj。)小心的，谨慎的_(adv.）慎重地；谨慎地_(n。）谨慎；小心 8_（n.&v)希望_(adj.）有希望的_（adv。)有希望地_(adj.）无望的 词缀归纳 cheerful 是由“名词 cheer后缀ful”构成的形容词。常见含有后缀ful 的形容词有：tha

10、nkful 充满感激的；useful 有用的；beautiful 美丽的；hopeful 有希望的;careful 仔细的。【答案】1.admit;admitted;admission 2。swear；swore；sworn 3forgive;forgave；forgiven；forgiveness 4。guilty；guiltily；guilt 5.cruel；cruelly；cruelty 6.apologize；apology 7cautions；cautiously；cautiousness 8。hope；hopeful；hopefully；hopeless 语境活用 1When hi

11、s mother came in，he_（假装)to be doing his homework.2The teacher _（评论)that the article was well written。3By_（集中注意力于）on saving oil，water，paper,food，and clothing,we are playing a part in cutting down on waste。4Theres no doubt that the consumers are still very _（敏感的）to the price.5.Once you form the habit

12、of _(指责)somebody or something else for a bad situation，you will be a loser.6Despite such a big difference in_(看法)towards what one eats，there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.7As long as we are united，there is no difficulty we cant _（克服）.8This essay is

13、so short that it can only scratch the surface of the_(话题)9He said he was there all the time,but I _（发誓）I never saw him.10When this happens,the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated _（争论)。【答案】1。pretended 2。remarked 3.focusing 4。sensitive 5blaming 6.attitude 7。overc

14、ome 8.topic 9.swear 10。argument 1keep pace _ (与）步调一致 2_ long 不久，很快 3get _ (用电话）接通 4be based _ 以为根据 5regardless _ 不管,不顾 6end _ 最后成为；最终处于 7rely _ 依靠，依赖 8thanks _ 幸亏；由于 9feel like _ 想要做 10_ ones word 遵守诺言 11be cautious_ 对谨慎；对小心 12_advance 事先，提前 13cant help _ 情不自禁做 14look back _ 回顾，回首 15spy _ 暗中监视【答案】1。

15、with 2.before 3.through 4。on 5。of 6。up 7on 8。to 9。doing 10.keep 11。about 12。in 13doing 14。on 15.on 语境活用 1There should be so many great changes happening in my hometown that I cant help_ proud of it.2。The little boy walked slowly and couldnt keep pace _ his elder brother.3.We were tired of waiting an

16、d hoped the bus would come _long.4.I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldnt get _(to you）5。You must_ your word if you want to be trusted.6。The service is on offer to all family members regardless _age.7。We had spent Sunday together but end _spending all day working on our car.8.It w

17、as thanks _ your timely help that we accomplished the task on time。9.With his help，everything has been fixed _advance。10He could only rely _ working as a waiter to live,but the hard life did not let him give up his passion for music。【答案】1.being 2。with 3。before 4.through 5.keep 6of 7.up 8.to 9.in 10.

18、on 1.原句 I dont think I can ever truly forgive her.点拨 本句采用了否定转移结构。仿写 我不相信这么小的孩子们能在那么短的时间内完成这项任务。I _ that such little children can finish this task in such a short time.2。原句 Football is very important to me，but so is our friendship.点拨 so系动词/助动词/情态动词主语(表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后面的人或物)仿写 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴，简也是.Mary likes play

19、ing the piano and_.3。原句 Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy,Peter,and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me。点拨 cannot help doing sth.“情不自禁做某事”。仿写 看到那个场景，我禁不住想起我幸福的童年。Seeing the scene I _ my happy childhood。4.原 句 When asked，they usually hesitate before r

20、esponding，My best friend？点拨 句中“when asked作时间状语，是“when they are asked”的省略形式。仿写 当被问到他为什么做此事时，他说这是他的职责._，he said it was his duty。【答案】1。dont believe 2。so does Jane 3。cant help thinking of 4.When asked why he did it 第一板块 核心词汇 基础知识要牢记 1pretend vt.&vi。假装；装扮，扮作 pretend错误!He pretended not to know the facts.他

21、佯装不知实情。He pretended to be looking for something when I came in.我进来时他假装在找东西。Were not really sisters we were just _.我们不是真姐妹，我们只是假装为姐妹。【答案】pretending 2admit vt.&vi.承认vt。允许进入;接纳（1)admit（doing/having done)sth。承认（做过)某事 admit(to sb.）that (向某人）承认 admit sb./sth。to be 承认某人/某物是（2）admit sb.to/into 准许某人进入(或加入）/入

22、学（入院）be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等）be admitted as 作为被接受（3）admission 准许进入；入场费；承认 I must admit I didnt actually do anything to help her.我必须承认实际上我并没有帮她忙。How many students have been admitted _ the school this year?今年这所学校有多少学生入学？At last the man had no choice but to admit _ the computer from the offic

23、e。最后那个人别无选择只得承认从办公室里偷了电脑.【答案】into having stolen 温馨提示 admit 作“承认”之意时，后接v.。ing 作宾语,而不能接不定式.3focus vt.vi.（使）聚焦；集中注意力于 n焦点；重点（1)focus on/upon 集中于；重点在 focus ones eyes/attention/mind on 把某人的视线/注意力/心思集中到上（2)bring sth。into focus 使某事物成为焦点 the focus of 的焦点 If you focus on all that is awful,you will miss all t

24、hat is wonderful。如果你关注所有糟糕的事情，你将会错过所有精彩的事情。The case has brought the problem of child abuse sharply _ focus.这个案子已经使虐待儿童问题引起了高度重视.【答案】into(2015高考湖北卷，书面表达)Sensing my state of puzzlement，my teacher told me that by just focusing my attention on small things，I can make a big difference.翻译 感觉到我的困惑，我的老师告诉我只

25、需注意一些小事情就能产生大作用。4remark nC评论，意见vi。vt.评论，谈论(1）remark on/upon 对发表评论/看法 remark that 谈论/说起(2）make a remark on/about 就发表意见；对评头论足(3)remarkable adj。非凡的，奇异的，显著的 Everyone remarked on his absence.大家对他的缺席议论纷纷。Why are we releasing this silver dollar for such a _ price？我们为什么要高价发行这枚银币呢?【答案】remarkable 5argue vi.争吵

26、，争论vi.&vt。辩论，主张，说服(1)argue for/against 赞成/反对 argue that 主张/认为 argue with sb。about/over sth。与某人争论某事 argue sb.into/out of doing sth。说服某人做/不做某事(2)argument n。争论，争辩，论点 beyond argument 无可争辩 They were arguing about how to spend the money.他们就这钱该怎么花而争论不休。My friend is trying to argue me _ joining the Sports C

27、lub.我的朋友正试图说服我加入体育俱乐部。【答案】into 6apologize vi。道歉（1)apologize to sb.for（doing)sth。因(做）某事向某人道歉(2)apology n.道歉 make an apology to sb。for sth.因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉 Victor apologized to me for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan。Victo

28、r _ his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan。维克多因为没有通知我计划有变而向我道歉。I must apologize for _ able to meet you。我因为没能接你而向你道歉。【答案】made an apology to me for not being 7blame vt。责备，指责；把归咎于n。(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责(1)blame sb。for sth./doing sth.因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 blame sth。on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame（fo

29、r）应（为）承担责任;该(为）受责备(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth。对某事负责任 put/lay the blame for sth。on 将某事归咎于 We object to being blamed for something that we havent done.我们反对把与我们无关的事情作为理由来谴责我们。If a son is uneducated，his dad _.子不教,父之过。I refuse to accept the blame _ something that was someone elses fault.我拒绝接受因别

30、人的过错而带来的责备。【答案】is to blame for 温馨提示 be to blame 短语中 blame 不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义.8respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.vi.回答(1）respond to 答复;对做出反应 respond by doing 通过做来做出反应（回应)(2）response n.回应，反应，回答 in response to 对做出反应 make a response to 对作出回答/回应 No one has yet responded to our complaints。还没有人对我们的投诉作出回复。They eager

31、ly went to work in the border regions in _ to the Partys call.他们热情地响应党的号召，到边疆去工作.【答案】response 巧学助记 In response to the enthusiasm of the crowd，the singer responded by singing another song.针对听众的热情回应，这位歌手又唱了一首歌.9get through(用电话）接通；用完；完成，(设法）处理；通过(考试等);熬过（困境)get across 把说清楚;使被理解 get over 解决，克服;从(疾病、震惊中)

32、恢复常态 get about/round 走动；（消息等)传开 get away with 逃离/逃脱惩罚 get down to 开始认真(做某事)With the teachers help，I eventually got over my depression。在老师的帮助下,我终于从低落中走出来了。一词多义 写出下列句中 get through 的含义.Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with the network；I cant seem to get thr

33、ough。_ She found writing helped her get through the rough days._ I am glad to hear that she got through the exam,which she had been preparing for for a long time。_ We got through all our usual Friday job list with his help ahead of time._ Let me use your typewriter when you get through with it._ Ill

34、 telephone you when I get through with this pile of papers._【答案】接通 熬过 通过 完成 用完 处理 10end up 最后成为；最终处于 end upadj./v.ing 最后；最终 end up as 作为而结束 end up with 以结束（后接表具体事物的名词）end up in 以告终（后接表抽象概念的名词)I love how people can seem so different,but end up being so similar.我喜欢不管看上去多么不同的人最终会变得如此相似。Travelers have e

35、nded up _ on mountains。旅客们最终在山上迷路了。【答案】lost 11rely on 依靠,依赖；信任 rely on sb./sth.for 依靠某人/某物得到 rely on ones doing sth。/rely on sb。to do sth。指望/信任某人做某事 rely on it that 相信 You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.你放心好了，他会来见你的。We rely on his finishing the work today。We rely on him to finish the w

36、ork today。We rely on _ the work today。我们相信他今天能完成这份工作。【答案】it that he will finish 词汇训练全通关.单句语法填空 1Little Tom admitted _(steal）in the shop，promising that he wouldnt do that in future。2The students listened carefully to the teacher with their eyes _（focus)on the blackboard。3Anyone who has spent time wit

37、h children is aware of the difference in the way boys and girls respond _ similar situations。4_（blame）for the breakdown of the school computer network,Alice was in low spirits。5Dont pretend _(work）hard。I know that you are reading a magazine at the same time.6Jack _（apologize）to the manager for the m

38、istakes he had made。7I called him nearly ten times this morning，but I couldnt get _。8Once made out,the law must be carried out regardless_ any difficulty。9He is the first person you can think of to rely _，for he is always ready to help whoever is in need.10 If you try to remember everything you will

39、 end up _（remember)nothing.【答 案】1.having stolen 2。focused 3。to 4.Blamed 5.to be working 6.apologized 7。through 8。of 9.on 10。remembering。单句改错 1With his mind focusing on the things not related to his studies,his marks have fallen rapidly._ 2All material I gave you is basing on the readings and class d

40、iscussions._ 3There is no doubt that its you who should be blamed for the broken door。_ 4The teacher made a remark of the high grades the class received on the test._ 5She had been lying to her mother,pretended that everything was fine to her._【答案】1。focusingfocused 2.basingbased 3。blamedto blame 4。o

41、fabout/on 5。pretendedpretending 第二板块 经典句式 基础知识要牢记 1I_dont_think I can ever truly forgive her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。本句采用了否定转移结构。否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，需要注意的是它必须同时满足三个条件:(1)主语是第一人称 I 或 we（2)主句谓语是一般现在时(3）谓语动词应是 think，believe，suppose，guess，imagine 等 否定转移结构变成反意疑问句时,附加问句部分一般与从句一致。We dont suppose/think you und

42、erstand in the least what were saying。我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么.I dont think youve met Xiao Xin，_？我认为你没有见到小新，是吗？He doesnt think it will rain，_？他认为不会下雨，是吗?【答案】have you does he?2When asked，they usually hesitate before responding,My best friend？当被问起时,他们在回答前往往会犹豫一下：最好的朋友？（1)句中 When asked 作时间状语,分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，这种

43、结构实际上是时间状语从句“When they are asked”的省略形式。（2）状语从句省略的具体用法如下：适用从句：时间、地点、条件、方式和让步状语从句 省略条件:从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语为 it,且从句的谓语部分含有 be 动词 省略后从句的形式：连词形容词/副词/分词/不定式/名词 Unless（it is）_，youd better not stop。除非事情做完了，否则你最好不要停下来。He scanned the newspaper while_ breakfast。吃早饭时，他浏览了报纸。【答案】finished having (2017高考浙江卷，书面表达）As p

44、lanned，we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.翻译按计划，我们将在七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。句式训练全通关。完成句子 1因为我很忙，所以就不能帮助你修自行车了.I _ your bike because Im busy。2他是这样一位大公无私的人，你不得不尊敬他。He is such a selfless man.You cannot help _.3我想不会有任何人反对这个计划.I _ anyone will object to the plan.【答案】1.cant help repair 2.but respec

45、t him 3dont suppose that.话题写作 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识,完成下面小作文。1当你和好朋友之间有了误解，你该怎么办呢？（misunderstanding）2首先，争吵和相互指责是没用的。(quarrel，blame)3你们都应该冷静地思考。(think over）4如果是你的错，你要向她/他道歉。（apologize)5你的朋友一定会谅解你的。（forgive）6如果这样的话，你们的友谊一定能得到加强。(if so）7要记住,友谊是以真诚为基础的。（be based on)【参考范文】When there is a misunderstanding between

46、 you and your best friend，what should you do？Firstly,its no use quarrelling with each other or blaming for it。You should both think it over.If its your fault,you should apologize to him/her first。And your friend must be able to forgive you。If so，your friendship will get strengthened.Just keep in min

47、d that friendship is based on honesty。阅读理解组块练。阅读理解 A（2018辽宁省六校协作体联考)So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument，a misunderstanding,the way we were raised,or some other painful events。Stubbornly，we wait for someone else to reach out to us-believing this is the only

48、way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship。A friend of mine recently told me that she hadnt spoken to her son in almost three years。She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldnt speak to him again unless he called first。When I sugges

49、ted that she be the one to reach out,she said,“I wont do that.Hes the one who should apologize。”After a little gentle encouragement，however,she did decide to be the first one to reach out.To her amazement，her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own.As is usuall

50、y the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out,everyone wins。Whenever we hold on to our anger，we turn“small stuff(问题）”into really“big stuff”in our minds.We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness。They are not。If you want to be a more peaceful person，you mu