状语从句专题讲座.ppt

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1、状 语 从 句专题讲座上海市第五十二中学 齐中文一、时间状语从句&when、while、As:当时候相同：（1）三个都可接两个一长一短的动作。表示较长的动作用过去进行时；表示较段的动作用一班过去时。eg：While/When/As I was walking down the street I noticed a police car in front of the bank（2）三者都可以与现在进行时表示将来的动作eg：I hope you will think of me for a moment as/when/while I am taking my driving test。（3）三

2、者都可以来连接两个同时进行的长动作，主从句都用过去式eg：I watched her as she combed her hair.We sat watching them when/while they had a close game.不同：（1）不用as的场合：当表示将来的状态时，在口语时用when，书面语中用whileeg：When you are eighteen，you can join in the army.-I am going to the post office.-_going there,can you get me some stamps.AAs BWhile CBe

3、cause DIf（2）不用While的场合：$当从句中的动作是短暂性的(V瞬),不用While而用When/Aseg：The clock was striking 12 when/as I came in$当两个短动作的动词同时发出时,用As/When,不用Whileeg：I thought of it just when/as you opened your mouth(3)只用as的场合：$一边一边eg：We sang as we workedHe looked behind as he went along$as+a+n=Whenwas+a+neg：As a child,he coul

4、d remember 100 Tang Poema =When he was a child,he could remember 100 Tang Poems$随着eg：As time went on,his theory proved to be correctWe do not necessarily grow wiser A we grow olderAas Bthan Cthat Dbecause(4)只用When的场合：$be about to do+when(并列连词)+句子=when=and just then 或and suddenlyeg：I was about to go

5、out when it rained hard$was/were doing when+句子eg：I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailors shop$had not done+状语(时间)when+句子eg：She had not been married many weeks when that mans younger mother saw her was struck by her beauty We had not gone ten miles Sam decided he wanfad t

6、o go home(5)常用While场合：$当主句是过去进行时eg：While John was writing a letter,I was watching TV$While表示对比时：eg：He likes music while I like sports$While表示尽管时eg：While I understand your point of view,I do not share it_ I admit that there are problems,I do not think that they can not be solvedAUnless BUntil CAs DWh

7、ile&Every timeEach/Last/First time+从句,S+V主The next time(时间状语从句)_ I saw him,I thought him good and honestAt first time BAt first CFor the first time DThe first time&Moment The instant+从句 As soon as 从句The minute+(时间状语从句)一就eg：The moment he saw the fire,he ran into the house&Noon sooner had S主+done/been

8、+that+S+过HardlywhenScarelywhen&Since eg：It is two years since we last met each other separatedGreat changes have taken place since he visited China/its opening.It iseg：“It is ten year since I enjoy myself.”Said he.=I have not enjoyed myself for ten years.It is three years,since he had a chance to go

9、 back.It is two weeks since,he was ill.&.before:主句动作发生在从句之前或者说主句动作已发生但从句动作还未发生但从句动作还未发生,在之前eg:Be a pupil before you became a teacher.We will have a further discussion before draw a conclusion.Usually scientist test a theory for a while _ they accept it as true.A.before B.after C.when D.becauseeg:Do

10、not draw a condasion before you think it over.b.在没有做之前(汉语是否定的,关于则是肯定式)我们将做进一步的讨论,然后再作结论在你没有思考之前,别下结论Let us talk all this over again _we made a final dicision.A.after B.before C when D.whileeg:He had gone home before I had time to say thank you.He hang up the phone before I could answer it.They decid

11、ed to chose away before it caused more change.A.unless B.until C.before D.althoughHe was forced into the room _he had time to realize what was happening.A.when B.after C.before D.asEg:Three moths passed before I realized it.He was so interested in the book that he had read for three hours _he realiz

12、e it.since B.as C.before D.untild.It waseg:It was many years before he got used to the new life here.e.It will beg:It will not be long before we graduate from high school.It will not be long man canderelop the solar made it serve mankind.since B.before C.when D.afterSome scientists say that it may b

13、e five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.since B.before C.after D.whenIt is a long time B.when he saw last you B.since he saw you last C.before he last you D.than he say you last&after,eg:After he graduated from University,he worked in a big company.I began to pre

14、pare the new lesson,_I had reciewed the old ones.before B.after C.until D.now that&until-eg:He waited till/until/his mother came back.eg:He did not work until/till his mother came back.C:Not untileg:Not until he was in Senior three did he realize the importance of learning English.He did not realize

15、 the importance of learning English until he was in senior three.B quite recently,women in that part of the country did not take paid work outside their home.before B.Until C.From D.Sinced.It was/is+not untileg:It was not until he was in Senior three that he realized the importance of learning Engli

16、sh.二 条件状语从句If,unless,in caseAs long as=so long asOn condition that=ifeg:Once you understand this rule,you will have not further difficulty.You can use my bike on condition that you return it tomorrow.As long as you work hard,you will be successful.He will not go there unless he is invited.Unless=If

17、not+肯定句三让步状语从句&Although yet+主句 Though 主句+stilleg：Though he lives alone，he is happy&Even if=even thougheg：Even if you say so,I do not believe you.Even though you had been busy,you might have helped him.&a.wh-even no matter+who/what/where/when/how+从句eg：Whenever I am unhappu,he cheers me up.I will foll

18、ow him,no matter where he goes.No matter what he did,he could not get the car to start.However long it takes,we will finish the job.However much it cost,I will buy the house.However no matter a/adv+stv,eg：Young he is,he is knowledgeable.5whether or无论eg：Whether you like it or not,it is going to happe

19、n.Believe it or not,it is true.=Whether you believe it or not,it is true.&While 尽管(长放在句首)eg：While I accept that he is not more prefect in many ways,I do actually quite like him.四原因状语从句Because：语气强调,动作能发生的直接原因.Since not because/no only because/just becauseAs For eg：I did not go to the zoo because I ha

20、d been there twice.Since=now that=seeing that eg：Since everyone is here,let us begin.Since everything is going well,you do not worry about it any longer.Since you do not want to cook,let us have dinner outside.As 放在句首,口气较弱,一般指道义上的原因.eg：Many people like white colour as it is a symbol of purity.3For：推

21、断的理由,主观推测的原因,说明的原因eg：The road is wet,for it must have rained last might.The day breaks,for the bird is singing.五目的状语从句&So thatIn order thatIn caseHe worked very hard so that the boss might(情态动词)give him(目的)a rise.He worked hard so that he entered Fudan University(结果).So that 引导的结果状语从句,否定句中有情态动词eg：Th

22、e teacher explained it very fast so that the students could not understand him.Take your raincoat with you,lest it should rain.Take your raincoat with you in case,it should rain.六地点状语从句&Where引导地点状语从句放在句首(表示条件)eg：Medicine should be kept where the child can not reach them.Stay where you are.He found h

23、e returned where he had been.The museum was built where there used to be theatre.Make a mark where you have questions.Where there is water,there is life.Of Whenever you go,you should bear your motherland in you mind.(让步)I will find her wherever she may be.(地状)&Anywhere 也可引导地点状语从句eg：Anywhere he goes,

24、she goes too.七方式状语从句&As,as if=as though 仿佛,好像eg：Do as I tell/show you.Please make his experiment just as Tom did.The plan will be carried out as planned=as it is planned.As the Chinese saying goes,“No pains,No gains.”正如俗话说的 It took as if it is going to rain,messes of black clouds are gathering.Of：Li

25、 Ming speaks English as if he were an Englishman.His hair looked as if it had been electrifie d.八比较状语从句原级：a表示相同 eg：You are as clever as she（is）.b.表示不同eg：He is not as/so till as she.You did not write as/so well as she.C.A be as a.+a/an+n+as A be as much+un+as A be as many+cn.+aseg：She is as good a st

26、udent as any of us.She is not as good a girl as she used to be.You can use as much water as you need.I have as many book as you.A few weeks spend in traveling can be just _classes in school.A.a part of ones education as B.as(不可省)a useful part of ones educationaspart of ones education as useful D.a p

27、art of ones education as比较级：A+be+a(比)+than+Beg：He loves his pet dog more than he does his wife.A+be+less+a（原）+than+BA+V+less+adv（原）+than+BHe works less B than she does.less carefully B.carefully C.more carefully D.carefully aseg：My handwriting is less good than your.难点It is warmer here than BA.Beiji

28、ng B.in Beijing C.it in BeijingHis pronuncicction is better than I=mine 后置定语The population of China is larger than American=that of AmericaThe girls in our class are more deligent than class one=those in class oneA bridge made of wood is weaker than one made of stone.It takes _ time to go there by p

29、lane them by shop.far fewer B.far less C.much fewer D.more lessThe director gave me a netter offer than _A.Dicks B.that of Dicks C.he gave Dick D.thats of Dicks修饰 a/adv 比较级 much/far still/evena.肯 a great deal=a lot=lots+比较级a few/rathera little/a bit/slightlyb.否any/quite+比较级c.by for 放在句中修饰比较级A+be+the

30、+a(最高)+n+范围A+V+the+adv(最高)+n+范围Of Shanghai is the most attractive city in China.Shanghai is a most=very attractive city.His handwriting is better than anyone elses(隐形的)比较级+原形倍数(1)A is+倍数 four times 1/2 +a/adv(比)+than B 25%twice(2)S主+V(谓)+倍数+as a(原)+as+B S主+V(谓)+倍数 half what two-third +n 20%size +of+

31、B four times the+n depthweightthat ofheightWithout adviement,a daily newspaper would cost four times _too much B.as much C.much as D.so manyCollege entronement was 90,000 in Shanghai last year D.-Are Peters songs more popular than Tims?-Oh,no,they arent A popular as Tims.half as B.so half C.as half

32、D.half thanThe house rent is high.He has got about half the space.He had at home and he is paying _here.as three times much B.three times as much C.as much three times D.much as three times难点续语境中的比较a.Which is country,Canada or Australia?a larger B.the larger C.larger D.largeb.How beautiful she sings

33、!I have never heard the bitter voice B.a good voice C.a better voice D.the best voicec.eg：Of the two coats,he bought the less expensive.d.eg：-Sorry,Ive spilt soup on your dress.Ill clean it for you.-Dont bother,it will make it worse.John plays the piano ,if not better than David.as well B.as well as

34、 C.as well D.so good asA is not a/adv(比)+than Beg：This problem is not more difficult than that one.This knife is no better/sharp than that one.Does Tom do his new job well?_his old.Im afraid there is no hope for him.No better than B.Not better than C.Not as well as D.No as well asS+V+a(比)+than+is/v(谓)To save money for my manage.Father often takes more work than Cwhat is good for his health.A.that B.which C./D.in whichThe company became a profitable growing venture sooner than.was expected B.it expected C.expect D.what expected