科技英语翻译11a.ppt
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1、科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧数字和倍数的翻译数字的表达及翻译Ten thousand(一万)One hundred thousand(十万)One million(一百万)Ten million(一千万)One hundred million(亿)One billion(十亿)Ten billion(百亿)One hundred billion(千亿)One trillion(万亿)数字修饰语的翻译英语中常用英语中常用 flat,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just等词修饰数字,等词修饰数字,表示表示“正好正好”、“恰好恰好”、“整整整整”等。等。He finished
2、the experiment in twenty-four hours flat.他完成这一实验正好用了24小时的时间。The physician treated cool 30 patients that day.这位内科医生那天正好看了30个病人。The plane takes off at 7 oclock sharp.这架飞机7点整起飞。The machine worked for ten whole days.这台机器整整运转了10天时间。The wire measures exact ten meters.这条导线刚好10米长。英语中常用英语中常用 about,some,aroun
3、d,round,approximately,closely to,nearly,towards等词修饰数字,表示等词修饰数字,表示“大约大约”、“上下上下”、“将将近近”、“几乎几乎”等。等。The volume of the sun is about/some/around/round 1,300.000 times that of the earth.太阳的体积约为地球的130万倍。It is nearly/towards 4 oclock.将近4点种。The price of this new machine is in the neighborhood of/of the order
4、of a thousand dollars.这台新机器的价格约为1,000美圆。Noise figure in the border of 4 to 5 dB at Ghz has been reported.据称,在2,000兆赫时,噪声系数约为4-5分贝。According to the weather man,the temperature will be up 5 or so.据天气预报,气温将升高5 左右。英语中常用英语中常用 more than,odd,over,above,exceed,upwards of,or more,higher than,in excess of 等词修
5、饰数字,表示等词修饰数字,表示“超过超过”、“以上以上”、“有余有余”、“高于高于”、“多于多于”等。等。Pig iron is an alloy of iron and carbon with the carbon content more than two percent.生铁是铁碳合金,其中碳含量超过2%。Only when a rocket attains a speed of 18,000 odd miles per hour,can it put a manmade satellite in orbit.只有当火箭速度达到每小时18,000 多英里时,才能把人造卫星送入轨道。Ove
6、r/Above/More than/Not less than 100 chemical elements are known to man;of these about 80 are metals.人类已知的化学元素有100种以上,其中有80种是金属。Upwards of seven thousand medical workers have left for the earthquake district.有7000多名医务人员前往震区。The patients are children of three years old and upwards.这些病人是三岁和三岁以上的儿童。英语中常
7、用英语中常用 under,below,less,less than,no more than,short of,off,to,within,as few as 等词修饰数字,表示等词修饰数字,表示“少于少于”、“不到不到”、“以下以下”等。等。The efficiency of the best of these engines is under/below/less than/no more than 40%.这些发动机中效率最好的也不到40%。It took three years less than one month for them to develop the new materi
8、al.他们花了三年差一个月研制这种新材料。Helium in the air is a little under 1%.空气中氮的含量略低于1%。英语中常用英语中常用 full,solid,at least,all of,no less than,asas 等词来等词来修饰数字,表示数目大、数量多。修饰数字,表示数目大、数量多。They covered full twenty reference sources on AIDS in a single day.他们仅仅用了一天时间,就看完了足足20种有关爱滋病的资料。The motor ran 450 solid days on end.马达连
9、续运转了足有450天。The experiment will take three days,at least.实验至少需要三天时间。The temperature at the suns center is as high as 10,000,000 .太阳中心的温度高达摄氏1000万度。There were no less than fifty wounded in the traffic accident.在这场交通事故中,受伤者多达50人。英语中常用英语中常用 only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,at most,no more than,scant 等词修饰
10、数字,表示数目小,数量少。等词修饰数字,表示数目小,数量少。That solar-energy car weighs only/merely/barely/scarcely/but 500kg.那辆太阳能汽车重量仅为500公斤。Inspection time for the installation was no more than 2 hours.检验安装工作仅用了两个小时。There is only at most room for one person.至多只有可容纳一个人的空间。英语中常用英语中常用 fromtoo,betweenand/to 来修饰数字,表示来修饰数字,表示范围,可译
11、为范围,可译为“从从到到”,“在在之间之间”等。等。The energy of the fuel wasted by the reciprocating steam engine is between 80 and/to 85 percent.往复式蒸汽机浪费的燃料能量为80%至85%。The ladle refining time takes on average between 3 and 4 hours depending on the treatment required.桶内精练时间平均为3至4小时,这要视所需要的处理而定。数量增加的翻译Be n times as+形容词/副词+as
12、 Be n times+比较级+thanBe+比较级+than+名词+by n timesBe+比较级+by a factor of n“是的n 倍”、“n 倍于”、“比大(n-1)倍”The substance reacts three times as fast as the other.该物质的反应速度是那种物质反应速度的3倍。(或:该物质的反应速度比那种物质的反应速度快2倍。)This line is by two times longer than that one.这条线的长度是那条线长度的2倍。(或:这条线比那条线长1倍。)Mercury weighs more than wat
13、er by about 14 times.水银的重量约为水的14倍。(或:水银比水重13倍。)The error probability of binary AM is greater than for binary FM by a factor of at least 6.二进制调幅的误差概率比二进制调频至少大5倍。(或:二进制调幅的误差概率至少是二进制调频的6倍。)as+形容词/副词+again as again as+形容词/副词+as“比多一倍”,“是的两倍”This wire is as long again as that one.这根金属线的长度是那根的2倍。(或:这根金属线比那
14、根金属线长1倍。)This wire is again as long as that one.这根金属线的长度是那根的2倍。(或:这根金属线比那根金属线长1倍。)This wire is half again as long as that one.这根金属线的长度是那根金属线的1倍半。(或:这根金属线比那根金属线长半倍。)带有“增大”意思的动词(increase,rise,grow,go up)V+n timesV+by +n timesV+to+n timesV+n-foldV+by a factor of+n“增加到 n 倍”,“增加了(n-1)倍”The sales of indus
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