Unit-12-Culture-Shock-基础知识自测--2011名师指津(高考英语)课件.ppt

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1、1._ vt.预订预订,预约预约2._ v.厉声说出厉声说出n.(狗狗,狐等狐等)吠叫吠叫3._ n.带子带子,队队,乐队乐队v.联合联合,结结合合4._ n.摘要摘要,简报简报adj.简洁简洁v.作简作简报报5._ n.礼貌礼貌book bark band brief manners 6._ adj.谦虚的；适度的谦虚的；适度的7._ n.邮筒邮筒,邮箱邮箱8._ n.地震地震9._ n.污点污点,斑点斑点,地点地点v.弄脏弄脏,认出认出10._ vt.输出输出,出口出口n.出口出口modest mailbox earthquake spot export 16.appetite n._17

2、.circus n._18.detective _19.mushroom _20.erupt v._爱好爱好,嗜好嗜好 马戏团马戏团 adj.侦探的侦探的 n.侦探侦探 蘑菇蘑菇,暴发户暴发户 爆发爆发 21.flashlight n._22.handkerchief n._23.indicate vt._24.literature n._25.splendid adj._闪光灯闪光灯 手帕手帕 显示显示,象征象征 文学文学(作品作品)壮丽的壮丽的 1.curious adj.好奇的好奇的,奇特的奇特的 _ adv.好奇地好奇地_ n.好奇好奇,好奇心好奇心_搭配对搭配对好奇好奇_搭配渴望做搭

3、配渴望做curiously curiosity be curious about.be curious to do.(2)The boy is curious _ everything here.Therefore,he is listening and watching_(curious).(2)about,curiously。第一空是固定搭。第一空是固定搭配配:be curious about；第二空在句中做；第二空在句中做状语状语,用副词。用副词。aboutcuriously2.arrival n.到达到达,到来到来;到达的人到达的人(或物或物);新生儿新生儿_ vi.到达到达,到来到来

4、_搭配某人一到达搭配某人一到达_同义同义 vt.到达到达,到来到来arrive on ones arrival get to(2)They had talked over the plan for several hours.Finally,they arrived _ an agreement.(2)at。搭配：。搭配：arrive at an agreement达达成协议。成协议。at3.addition n.增加增加,增加的人增加的人(或物或物)_ v.增加增加_adj.增加的增加的,额外的额外的,补充补充的的_ adv.增加地增加地,额外地额外地_搭配搭配 除除之外之外(还还)add

5、additional additionally in addition to(1)Our English teacher assigned an _ task to us.And the _of homework add to our burden.(add)(1)additional,addition。第第一一空空在在句句中中做做定定语语,用用形形容容词词；第第二二空空在在句句中中做做主语主语,用名词。用名词。additionaladdition(3)_(除除之外之外)French,he has to study German.(3)In addition to。搭配。搭配in additi

6、on to。In addition to4.apology n.道歉道歉;赔罪赔罪 _ v.道歉道歉;认错认错,赔不是赔不是_搭配搭配 为某事为某事向某人道歉向某人道歉apologize apologize to sb for sth(1)The next day the student _ _(因迟到向老师道歉因迟到向老师道歉).(1)apologized to his teacher for being late/made an apology to his teacher for being late。apologized to his teacher for being late(2)

7、I owe you an_ for my rudeness late last night.(apology)(2)apology。在冠词后用名词。在冠词后用名词。apology5.expect v.预料预料,期待期待,认为认为_adj.预料的预料的_n.预料预料,期待期待,预期的事预期的事物物_搭配搭配 出乎意料出乎意料,始料不及始料不及It is expected that.句式据预料句式据预料/人人们期望们期望expected expectation out of expectation(2)_(人们期望人们期望)China will become richer and richer.I

8、ts expected that(3)The journey was not as nice as we _(expect).(3)had expected。因为主句用了一般过。因为主句用了一般过去时去时,故从句用过去完成时。故从句用过去完成时。had expected1._建议某人做某事建议某人做某事2._避免做某事避免做某事3._全神贯注于全神贯注于,专心于专心于4._(某人某人)对对熟悉熟悉5._属于属于advise sb to do sth avoid doing sth be absorbed in.be familiar with.belong to.11.a broad choi

9、ce of._12.apologize to sb._13.be attached to _14.exchange sth for sth._15.in good/pretty poor condition_有很多的选择有很多的选择 向某人道歉向某人道歉 附属于附属于 用用交换交换 处于良好处于良好/不佳的状况不佳的状况 16.in advance _ 17.have difficulty doing sth _18.put/bring an end to _19.wander through _20.whisper to sb._提前提前 做做有困难有困难 结束结束 蜿蜒曲折地流经蜿蜒曲折地

10、流经/过过 密谈密谈 2.By criticizing her boss,she _（冒丢失（冒丢失之危险）之危险）the important job.2.risking losing。句意：批评老板使她。句意：批评老板使她冒失去这项重要工作之险。冒失去这项重要工作之险。risking losing3.Before going abroad,you have to _some Renminbi _ dollars.3.exchange,for。句意。句意:你要在出国前把你要在出国前把一些人民币兑换成美金。一些人民币兑换成美金。exchangefor4.Dont disturb the mana

11、ger.She _(专心于专心于)writing the market survey report.4.is absorbed in。句意。句意:不要打乱经理。不要打乱经理。她正在专心于写市场调查报告。她正在专心于写市场调查报告。is absorbed in5.Seen on the map,Xijiang River _(蜿蜒蜿蜒)South China.5.wanders through。句意。句意:从地图上看从地图上看到到,西江蜿蜒流过华南地区。西江蜿蜒流过华南地区。wanders through6.Well visit the famous school _(附属于附属于)the te

12、achers university next week.6.attached to。句意。句意:下周我们将要参观下周我们将要参观这所师范院校的著名附属中学。这所师范院校的著名附属中学。attached to7.The spokesman said that the American government was determined to_(结束结束)the world-wide terrorism.7.put an end to。句意。句意:发言人说美国政发言人说美国政府决定结束世界恐怖主义。府决定结束世界恐怖主义。put an end to8.The girls who are_(窃窃窃窃

13、私语私语)each other in the corner look very strange.8.whispering to。句意。句意:在角落处窃窃私在角落处窃窃私语的女孩们看上去有点怪。语的女孩们看上去有点怪。whispering to9.When the poor man told his wife the bad news,she _(盯着看盯着看)him in surprise.9.stared at。句意。句意:当这位可怜的男人告当这位可怜的男人告诉他妻子这条坏消息时诉他妻子这条坏消息时,她惊讶地瞪着她惊讶地瞪着他看。他看。stared at10.We set off early

14、 in the morning so that we could _(避免遇到避免遇到)in the traffic jam.10.avoid being caught。句意。句意:为了避免为了避免遇到交通堵塞遇到交通堵塞,我们一大早就出发了。我们一大早就出发了。avoid being caught To avoid getting 1_(confuse)about the British tipping system,you need to check your bill to see if a tip 2_(include)or not.1.confused。指逻辑主语。指逻辑主语you“

15、感到困惑感到困惑”,用用-ed形容词形容词,再说再说get confused about.(对对感到困感到困惑惑)是固定搭配。是固定搭配。2.is included。谓语动词。谓语动词,一般现在时的被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态。confusedis included3_it isnt,I suggest leaving 10%of the bill 4_the waiter or waitress-5_a bit more if the service is good.3.If。引导条件状语从句。引导条件状语从句。4.for。固定搭配：。固定搭配：leave sth for sb.为某人留下

16、某物。为某人留下某物。5.even。用副词。用副词,加强语气加强语气,意为意为“甚至甚至,还还”。IfforevenTalking of money its really easy to exchange travellers cheque at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those 6_you come.6.before。引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。before I think we should consider staying in the English countryside for a few nights

17、 as I know you enjoy hiking.We can wander7_the field and even pick a few mushrooms to have with 8_ breakfast!7.through。固定搭配：。固定搭配：wander through漫步漫步于。于。8.our。形容词性物主代词修饰名词。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,做定语。做定语。throughourI have learnt which ones are tasty and safe to eat so we wont risk getting sick!And dont forget 9_

18、warm coat!It can get pretty cold and 10_(fog)in this country.9.a。因。因coat是单数可数名词是单数可数名词,表示表示“一件一件”暖和的外衣暖和的外衣,故填不定冠词。故填不定冠词。10.foggy。做系动词。做系动词get表语用形容词。表语用形容词。afoggy The wind there blew almost every day,howling(咆哮咆哮)like a tigers shouting.The new houses were of poor quality,with a 1_(bite)wind 2_(come

19、)in through every crack（裂缝）（裂缝）in the doors and windows.1.biting。现在分词做前置定语。现在分词做前置定语,指指“刺骨的刺骨的”寒寒风。风。ing。在。在with复合结构中复合结构中,因因wind与与come是是主动关系主动关系,用现在分词作宾补。用现在分词作宾补。bitingcomingAnd our efforts to have all the cracks sealed with paper failed to stop it from 3_(break)into the house.3.breaking。做介词。做介词fr

20、om的宾语的宾语,用动用动名词。名词。breakingIt was really4_(freeze).When it was very windy,all we could do was shut the front door before dark and go to bed after supper,4.freezing。现在分词做表语。现在分词做表语,指指“冰冻冰冻的的”。freezing5_(listen)quietly to the whistling of the sharp wind and the sounds of the lake water.5.listening。现在分

21、词做伴随状语。现在分词做伴随状语。listeningIn the small back-room close to the mountain,which,least 6_(affect)by the wind,was my study,I often worked by the light of an oil lamp late into the night,6.affected。过去分词做伴随状语。过去分词做伴随状语。affected with my woolen cap pulled down,while the trees were sighing in the wind,the whi

22、te moon 7_(shine)on the window.7.shining。没有连词。没有连词,所在部分不是分所在部分不是分句；用现在分词与前面句；用现在分词与前面the white moon构构成独立主格结构。成独立主格结构。shining8_(seize)with a poetic mood caused by the scene of bleakness(萧瑟萧瑟),I would stay up late and sit alone poking(拨拨)the charcoal fire,8.Seized。过去分词做原因状语。过去分词做原因状语。Seized9_(imagine)

23、myself a figure in a traditional Chinese landscape 10_(paint)and lost in deep daydreams.9.imagining。现在分词做伴随状语。现在分词做伴随状语。10.painting。现在分词做宾语补足语。现在分词做宾语补足语。imaginingpainting 本文介绍一项新的研究发现：中国本文介绍一项新的研究发现：中国人和美国人用肉眼看世界的方式果然不人和美国人用肉眼看世界的方式果然不同。这项研究发现同。这项研究发现,当这两个民族的人当这两个民族的人在注视图画时在注视图画时,视线移动的方式截然不视线移动的方式截

24、然不同。同。According to a new study,Chinese and Americans really view the world differently.It found that the two groups tend to move their1_ in distinctly different patterns when looking at pictures.1.B。根据上句。根据上句“view the world differently”和本句的和本句的“looking at pictures”可知。可知。B.eyes To find out,the resear

25、chers 2 _ eye movements of 45 U.S.and Chinese students as they looked at photographs that featured single focal objects against3_ backgrounds.2.C。根据上段的研究结果。根据上段的研究结果,和本句与和本句与“eye movements”的搭配可知。的搭配可知。3.D。根据本句的。根据本句的“single.against”等关等关键词应该是复杂的背景。键词应该是复杂的背景。C.measured D.complex 4_ tend to be analyti

26、cal and pay more attention to the key,or focus objects in a scene-for example,5 _ on the woman in the“Mona Lisa”,instead of the rocks and sky behind her.4.A。根据下段谈的是。根据下段谈的是“East Asians”可知应该说美可知应该说美国人（西方人）。国人（西方人）。5.B。根据上下文以及词组搭配可知。根据上下文以及词组搭配可知。A.Westerners B.concentrating East Asians,on the contrar

27、y,tend to look at the 6_ picture and rely on contextual information when making decision and judgment about what they 7_.6.D。根据与上段说西方人只注意中心物体这。根据与上段说西方人只注意中心物体这一发现对比一发现对比,知道东亚人应该是注重整体。知道东亚人应该是注重整体。7.B。根据全文的中心思想以及本句上下文可。根据全文的中心思想以及本句上下文可知。知。D.whole B.see The finding suggests that East Asians actually

28、 spend more time putting objects into context than Americans do.The 8_ are not just reflected in how individuals recall and report their memories but in how they 9 _ see an image in the first place.8.C。根据上句可知。根据上句可知。9.B。本文主要讲中西方看世界的方式不同。本文主要讲中西方看世界的方式不同,再根再根据本句的据本句的“at the first place”可以知道是指身体可以知道是指

29、身体,即用肉眼来看。即用肉眼来看。C.differences B.physically“If people are really looking at the world 10_.We think it would be 11_ for them to explain the world in different ways,”said Richard Nisbett,a psychologist at the University of Michigan.10.B。根据上下文可知。根据上下文可知。11.D。根据上下文可知。根据上下文可知。B.differently D.natural Nisb

30、ett and his colleagues argue that the difference may be 12_ in social practices that date back thousands of years.12.A。根据本句的。根据本句的“that date back thousands of years”可知是说历史很久可知是说历史很久,根深蒂固。根深蒂固。A.rooted“Westerners are taught to pay attention to 13 _that are important to them,to have goals that they ca

31、n 14_,”he said.13.C。根据本文中心思想可知。根据本文中心思想可知。14.B。根据本文中心思想可知以及词组。根据本文中心思想可知以及词组搭配可知是能追随搭配可知是能追随/跟随的目标。跟随的目标。C.objects B.follow“East Asians are more 15_ to pay attention to the social field.”15.A。根据上下文可知。根据上下文可知。A.likely 本文首先简单讲述了中国结的历本文首先简单讲述了中国结的历史史,然后讲述了中国结的颜色、制作步然后讲述了中国结的颜色、制作步骤和象征意义骤和象征意义,最后讲述了由于中国

32、结最后讲述了由于中国结象征着好运、兴旺、祝愿象征着好运、兴旺、祝愿,所以很受欢所以很受欢迎迎,在很多场合得到使用。在很多场合得到使用。The long history of the Chinese Knot dates back to ancient times 36_ people first used knots for fastening,wrapping,hunting and fishing.36.when。引导定语从句。引导定语从句,指代指代ancient times。whenThe knot was developed 37_ an art from during the Tan

33、g(AD 618-907)and Song(960-1279)dynasties and later popularized in the Ming and Qing Dynasty(1368-1911 AD).37.into。发展成一种艺术。发展成一种艺术。intoOne major characteristic of decorative knot work is38_all the knots are tied using one thread,and when 39_(finish),the knot looks identical from both the front and ba

34、ck.38.that。引导表语从句。引导表语从句。39.finished。when+V-ed,V-ed的逻辑的逻辑主语与句子主语相同。主语与句子主语相同。thatfinishedThey can come in a variety of colours such as:gold,green,blue or black.40_,the most commonly used colour is red.This is because 41_ symbolizes good luck and prosperity.40.However。中国结可以有多种颜色。中国结可以有多种颜色,然而主要然而主要是使

35、用红色。是使用红色。41.it。用来指代前面表示颜色的名词。用来指代前面表示颜色的名词red,指红色象指红色象征好运和兴旺。征好运和兴旺。HoweveritCrafting the Chinese knot is 42 _ three-step process,which involves tying,tightening and adding.There are many different shapes of Chinese knots,42.a。制作中国结是一个（三步骤的）。制作中国结是一个（三步骤的）过程。过程。a43_(offer)blessings of happiness,lov

36、e and good luck.In Chinese,“knot”means reunion,friendliness,and44_(warm),love,etc.43.offering。ing形式作状语表示伴随情况。形式作状语表示伴随情况。44.warmth。与名词。与名词reunion,friendliness和和love 并列并列,也应是名词也应是名词,一起作一起作means的宾的宾语。语。offeringwarmthUp to now,the art of the Chinese Knot 45_(use)in necklaces,buttons and even hangings f

37、or cars or mobile phones.45.has been used。Up to now意为：到意为：到现在为止现在为止,一般与现在完成时连用一般与现在完成时连用,此此处有被动意思。处有被动意思。has been used本文讲述了一些美国文化和中国文化本文讲述了一些美国文化和中国文化的不同之处。的不同之处。51.In Paragraph 1,the author sets examples in order to_.A.expose the contradiction between Chinese B.and AmericansB.show the differences b

38、etween Chinese culture and American cultureC.find the reason for the differencesD.generalize the main idea of the passage 51.B。段落大意题。从转折词。段落大意题。从转折词while可以判断例举可以判断例举例子是为了说明美国文化和中国文化的不同之处。例子是为了说明美国文化和中国文化的不同之处。B52.The underlined word“contentious”in Paragraph 2 probably means_.A.conservativeB.B.aggres

39、siveC.objectiveD.optimistic52.B。词义猜测题。从后面的。词义猜测题。从后面的Chinese cultures so passive可得出答案可得出答案,与与passive是是对比含义。对比含义。B53.Compared with Americans,Chinese are _.A.likely to find the truth in lifeB.reluctant to admit their own failureC.reluctant to have a general idea of thingsD.likely to know advantages an

40、d disadvantages of thingsD53.D。细节推断题。从第三段。细节推断题。从第三段Chinese people,said Peng,are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues,because they have a holistic(整整体的体的)awareness that life is full of contradictions.可得出答案。可得出答案。54.The studies show that_.A.an American treats his or her mo

41、ther B.badlyB.ideas of treating the aged are differentC.personalities of Chinese and American are differentD.conflicts of Americans and Chinese are different54.C。推理判断题。从三、四段的描述可以看出美。推理判断题。从三、四段的描述可以看出美国人和中国人的个性不同。国人和中国人的个性不同。C55.The main idea of the passage is _.A.polarities between American and B.C

42、hinese cultureB.priorities of American culture to ChineseC.different attitudes towards the agedD.different manners in social occasions55.A。主旨大意题。文化的不同也就产生了中美文。主旨大意题。文化的不同也就产生了中美文化的两极分化。化的两极分化。A Mr.Rogerson,51,the father of two girls and two boys,has taught teamwork among his children,with real money

43、.Eight years ago,when they ranged in age from 5 to 13,he and his wife decided to give them$5,000 to make investment(投资投资)each year for the familys summer holiday.The more money they made,the more joy they could get on holiday.In 2001 a bad year for the stock market(股票市场股票市场).“They bought stocks.Thei

44、r money went down from$5,000 to$2,000.”Mr.Rogerson said,“We went camping.”During the second year,“They made$50,”he said.“That year we drove down to Florida to visit family.”By the their year,the children earned$600 on their$5,000,and the family went to Disney World.Mr.Rogerson said that the point of

45、 the experience learning to work together to make intelligent decisions about money is an important one and the effort has helped them discover their own talent.“We found that one boy showed great leadership and the other one was great with numbers,”he said.“Each had a different talent.”写作内容写作内容学校最近

46、组织了一次中美学生交流活动学校最近组织了一次中美学生交流活动,你你参加其中参加其中“团队合作团队合作”的讨论的讨论,你准备写一你准备写一份发言稿份发言稿,内容要点包括：内容要点包括：1.以约以约30个词概括材料中心内容；个词概括材料中心内容；2.然后以约然后以约120个词就个词就“团队合作团队合作”为主题发为主题发表你的看法表你的看法,内容包括：内容包括：(1)团队合作的重要性；团队合作的重要性；(2)以你的亲身经历或他人的经历证明团队合以你的亲身经历或他人的经历证明团队合作的重要性；作的重要性；(3)你对团队合作活动的建议。你对团队合作活动的建议。写作要求写作要求1.可以使用实例或其它论述方

47、法支持你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点的论点,也可以参照阅读材料内容也可以参照阅读材料内容,但但不得直接引用原文中的句子；不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准评分标准概括准确概括准确,语言规范语言规范,内容合适内容合适,篇章篇章连贯。连贯。Mr.Roegerson has taught his children how to make investment together for the summer vacation.From the teamwork,the children learn a lot and find th

48、eir own talent.Like Mr.Rogerson and his wife,people realize that not only can teamwork make good use of the talent of its members but it can also accomplish its goals more easily.For example,last week we were supposed to do a project in a group of 5.After getting the information together,my team div

49、ided the work according to our strengths,one for the PowerPoint,one for the paper work,and the other three for acting.Due to our cooperation,the project got a 98.Since teamwork benefits us a lot,we should know the tips for better teamwork.To begin with,make the team goals clear for everyone.Work hard on what you are responsible for.In addition,never miss opportunities to support your team members.