高中虚拟语气讲解.pptx

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1、Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气英语动词有种语气三三第1页/共52页 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式(verb structure),用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是一种假设(hypotheses)愿望(wishes)、建议(suggestion)或怀疑(doubt)等等。ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood第2页/共52页虚拟语气的考点1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟

2、语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5、虚拟语气时态的判定。、虚拟语气时态的判定。第3页/共52页与与现在现在相反相反与与过去过去相反相反与与将来将来相反相反If从句主句did（be用were)had+donedid（be用were)wereto+doshould+doWoulddo(should/could/might)Would/should/could/might+doWouldhave+done(should/could/might)1.If引导的条件状语从句

3、（1）第4页/共52页Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.IfIwonthelotterynow,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.现在事实相反过去事实相反将来事实相反第5页/共52页If you had told me in advance,I _ him at the airport.A.would meet B.would had met C.would have met D.would have meet 第6页/共52页I would have gone

4、 to the meeting if I _ time.A.had had B.have had C.had D.would have had If it_ tomorrow,I wouldnt attend the party.A.rain B.rains C.had rained D.were to rain 第7页/共52页注意注意:含有含有 should 的条件句的条件句,主主句可以句可以用一般现在时或一般用一般现在时或一般将来时将来时.例如例如:nIf there should be another flood,what shall we do?nAsk her to leave a

5、 message if she should come.第8页/共52页（2.）省略if的条件从句IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.WereItomeethimtomorrow,Shouldhefailintheexperiment第9页/共52页省略if的条件从句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.HadIfollowedyouradvice,

6、第10页/共52页（3.）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。含蓄条件句butthat（要不是）、without（没有）、otherwise（否则）、or（不然）、undercircumstances（在的情况下）、inthepast（在过去）相当于ifitwerent/hadntbeenfor.e.g.:Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Iwouldnothavesucceededbutforyourhelp.Butforhishelp,wewouldbeworkingnow.Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemades

7、uchgreatprogress.Wedidntknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.第11页/共52页（4)有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。e.g.:Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldt

8、oday(现在).Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.第12页/共52页2.名词性从句的虚拟语气(1).Wish引导的宾语从句与现在事实相反：过去时（were）与过去事实相反：had+过去分词与将来事实相反：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadntdonethat.(do)IwishIwouldberichinthefuture.第13页/共52页 I wish I _ to have a word with Danny when he was her

9、e last week.A.had been ableB.should be ableC.have been ableD.were able第14页/共52页 How I wish I _ as well as she.A.shall sing B.can sing C.could sing D.should sing第15页/共52页（2)2)表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词宾语从句中常见动词:一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命令命令,三个三个建议建议,四个四个要求要求。即。即1).insist 2).order,command 3).advise,sug

10、gest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire第16页/共52页We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I(should)be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested that we(should)send them to work there.第17页/共52页Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedt

11、hathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果注意：如果suggest,insist不表示不表示“建建议”或或“坚持要某人做某事持要某人做某事”时，即它，即它们用于其本意用于其本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“坚持持认为”时，宾语从句用从句用陈述述语气。气。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathewasright.第18页/共52页1.The guard at gate insisted that everybody _(obey)the rules.2.He insisted that she _(be)seriou

12、sly ill and that _(send)to hospitals at once.obeywasbesent第19页/共52页（3）在主语从句表语从句，同位语从句中的应用1）在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。demand(要求),desire(请求),requirment(要求)advice(劝告),recommendation(建议),suggestion(建议)order(命令)necessity(必要地),preference(优先)proposal(计

13、划),plan(计划),idea(办法)，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。第20页/共52页ThesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizeswasacceptedbyeveryoneTheadviceisthatwe(should可省略，)leaveatonce.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.(idea,should+get)(表示做出主意)Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextwee

14、k.第21页/共52页2）在主语从句中Itisimportant/necessary/strange/nature/desiredthatthat引导的从句中的谓语动词用should+v。Itisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.Itisnaturalthatshebetakengoodcareof.Itisimportantthatweshouldtakecareofthepatient.第22页/共52页3.状语从句1)asifasthough引导的状语从句asifasthough（仿佛、好像）引起方式状语从句，a一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反）b过去完成

15、时（表示与过去事实相反）cwoulddo（表示与将来事实相反）第23页/共52页YoulookasifyouhadseenaghostHelooksasifhewerehisfather.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim.Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain.Note:如果句子表示的是陈述语气，事实则要用陈述语气e.

16、g.:Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainbecausetherearealotofdarkclouds.第24页/共52页2)lestincaseforfearthat引导的状语从句lest（以防、以免）、incase（万一、以防）、forfearthat（因恐、免得）引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要使用（should）do的形式。Theoldwomanwalkedslowlylestshe（should）slipHetookenoughmoneyforfearthatunexpectedthingsshouldhappen.Hestartedoutearlierlesthesh

17、ouldbelate.第25页/共52页4.定语从句定语从句Its(about/high)time+从句，表示从句，表示“该做而未做的事该做而未做的事”,是一种婉转的是一种婉转的建议建议,从句中的动词用一般过从句中的动词用一般过It is high time we began to work.Weve enjoyed the evening,but its time we went home.Its about time the boy learned to behave himself.第26页/共52页虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：5.if only 现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未

18、来：did（were）had donewould do If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!第27页/共52页6.would rather that现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone,too.Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done第28页/共52页1.Witho

19、utsunlight,orwaterorair,there_nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow,we_earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived第29页/共52页1.Is it necessary that he _ the examination?A.takes B.has to takeC.must takeD.take2.It is strange that he _ you this.A.would tell B.should tell C

20、.had told D.has toldDB第30页/共52页1.判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间判断虚拟时间第31页/共52页1.If he had not lost his money,he _ the piano last week.A.would buy B.had bought C.bought D.could have bought2.If we were to be 200 years old,we _ everything.A.will change B.can change C.could change D.changed第32页/共52页

21、3.If you _ that film last night,you would not be so sleepy now.A.didnt see B.havent seen C.wouldnt seen D.hadnt seen第33页/共52页4.You are late.If you _ a little minutes earlier,you _ him.A.came,would meet B.had come,would have met C.came,would have met D.were to come,would meet第34页/共52页5.But for the st

22、orm,we _ a pleasant journey.A.should have B.have had C.would have D.should have had 6._ to do the work,I should do it some other day.A.If were I B.I were C.Were I D.Was I第35页/共52页7.Without the computer,the problem _ in such a short time.A.couldnt be solved B.wouldnt have solved C.couldnt have been s

23、olved 第36页/共52页8.Without electricity,human life _ quite different today.A.will be B.were to be C.would be D.is 第37页/共52页9.“You are very selfish.Its high time you _ you are not the most important person in the world,”Edgar said to his boss angrily.A.have realized B.realized C.realize D.should realize

24、第38页/共52页10.I wish I _ longer this morning,but I had to get up and come to class.A.could have slept B.slept C.might have slept D.have slept第39页/共52页11.I advised that you _ the job as soon as possible.A finished B finishing C to finish D finish 12 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay _

25、be raised.A should B would C must D could第40页/共52页13.My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he _ there.A.not went B.wont go C.not go D.not to go第41页/共52页14.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished15.Thecommanderorderedth

26、atwe_work.A.mustfinishB.finishedC.shouldfinishD.couldfinish第42页/共52页16.Janespalefacesuggestedthathe_ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis17.Heinsistshe_right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is第43页/共52页18.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A.try B.tries C.must try D.can try第44页/共52页19 She made the demand that

27、the journalists _at once for Iraq.A.leave B.leaving C.left D.to be left第45页/共52页20.We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting _.A.should be put off B.was put off C.should put off D.is to put off第46页/共52页21.If he my advice,he wouldnt have lost his job.(2010,天津)A.followed B.should follow C.had

28、followed D.would follow22.John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it,I would have gone with him.(2010,重庆)A.should tell B.tells C.told D.had told 第47页/共52页23.If we _ the other road,we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.(2010,陕西)A.take B.had taken C.took D.have taken24.Had I know

29、n about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy .(2010,浙江)A.would have been savedB.had been saved C.will be saved D.was saved第48页/共52页25.She says shed rather he _tomorrow instead of today.A.had B.should leave C.leaves D.left26.Its already 5 oclock now.Dont you think its about time_?A.

30、we are going home B.if she leaves C.we went home D.if she had left第49页/共52页27.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe_tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome 28.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe 第50页/共52页脚踏实地脚踏实地迎接高考迎接高考第51页/共52页感谢您的观看！第52页/共52页