中考英语专题复习--公开课课件.ppt

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1、 中考中考英语专题复习英语专题复习 选择型选择型阅读理解阅读理解 Selective Reading Comprehension Learning aims(目标目标)123Tolearnthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension.Tolearnthestrategiesandskillstodoreadingcomprehension.Togetmoreconfidenceinreadingcomprehension.AboutReadingComprehension2019年青岛市中考英语试卷的题型和分值数据分析年青岛市中考英语试卷的题型和分

2、值数据分析人机对话单项选择完形填空阅读理解阅读表达词汇运用书面表达051015202530354045分分值值分值阅读阅读得阅读者得天下！得阅读者得天下！1.WhatsthemainideaofParagraph5?2.Whatsthemeaningoftheword,bad-tempered?3.Accordingtothepassage,whywasheanAmericanhero?4.WheredidSteveJobssetuptheApplecomputercompany?阅读理解常见的提问方式阅读理解常见的提问方式5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

3、?7.Whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?6.Whatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?8.Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?1.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknow_.2.Themainideaofthepassageisto_.3.Theunderlinedwordprobablymeans_.4.Thebesttitleshouldbe_.A quick-answer game(抢答题抢答题)Name the type（题型）（题型）推理判断题推理

4、判断题 Inferring a conclusion细节理解题细节理解题 Looking for details主旨大意题主旨大意题 Finding out main ideas 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meaningsBoys PK GirlsName the typeWhatsthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?Theunderlinedwordprobablymeans_.Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?Accordingtothepassage,wecanknow_.Themainidea

5、ofthepassageisto_.Thebesttitleshouldbe_.Whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_.Name the typeBoys PK Girls 推理判断题推理判断题 Inferring a conclusion细节理解题细节理解题 Looking for details主旨大意题主旨大意题 Finding out main ideas 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Guessing meanings 关注关注因此寻找文章的主题句关注高频词汇（因此寻找文章的主题句关注高频词汇（

6、repeating wordsrepeating words）是解答标题归纳）是解答标题归纳题的最有效的方法。题的最有效的方法。ExampleSkimming:Read the whole passage quickly to find key words or topic sentences.1 主旨大意题主旨大意题 Main ideaMain ideaOurcomingintotheworldisrecordedwithapen.Beforewehavebeenatschool,ournameiswrittenonthenamelistwithapen.Wecannotbemarriedt

7、illwehavesigned.Apenrecordstheimportanteventsinourlife.Letusrememberthatweholdinourhandthemostpowerfulinstrumentwhichmanowns.Thepenisamagictool.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.PowerfulToolB.AnImportantLawC.AValuableRecordD.AnExcitingEventReadingstrategy(阅读策略阅读策略)：SkimmingSkills1 主旨大意题主旨大意题 Main i

8、deaMain idea大部分文章的段落重点或中心都集中在大部分文章的段落重点或中心都集中在首末句首末句上上。skim有有掠过掠过的意思，转意为的意思，转意为“快速掠过，从中提取精华快速掠过，从中提取精华”。用于阅。用于阅读，或译为读，或译为略读略读。迅速浏览全文；跳过迅速浏览全文；跳过细节，抓住文章大概对文章的细节，抓住文章大概对文章的首段和末首段和末段段要多加注意，以便发现作者的观点要多加注意，以便发现作者的观点.1 主旨大意题主旨大意题 Main ideasMain ideasTip：此类题型主要考查我们对文章的主题思想，标题或者作者目的的此类题型主要考查我们对文章的主题思想，标题或者作

9、者目的的 理解能力，运用略读策略，寻找主题句是做好这类题的关键。理解能力，运用略读策略，寻找主题句是做好这类题的关键。常见题型：常见题型：1.Which is the best 1.Which is the best titletitle of the passage?of the passage?2.Whats the 2.Whats the main ideamain idea/subject of the passage?/subject of the passage?3.Whats the writers 3.Whats the writers purposepurpose of th

10、e passage?of the passage?4.This passage 4.This passage mainlymainly tells us_ tells us_5.5.What can we learn What can we learn from the passage?from the passage?Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Forexample:Somefeelthattheyhaventeatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishande

11、atoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrainsandwouldenjoyamealofspaghetti,eggplant,andfreshfruit.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfast-foods:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.段首段首(金字塔式）金字塔式）语语 篇篇 结结 构构 为为：点点 出出 主主 题题 围围 绕绕 主主 题题 展开陈述、论证或说明。论说文，科技文献和展开陈述、论证或说明。论说文，科技文献和新

12、闻报道中多采用这种格式。新闻报道中多采用这种格式。Lets try 1Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocratic(民主的民主的)discussiontypeofclass.Sonooneteachingmethod（方法方法）canbedesignedtosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.段尾（倒金字塔式）

13、段尾（倒金字塔式）详细论证，总结陈词。详细论证，总结陈词。语篇结构为：表述细节语篇结构为：表述细节概括主题。概括主题。（归纳要点、得出结论、提出建议）（归纳要点、得出结论、提出建议）Lets try 2Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Nothingisasusefulasaflashlight（手电筒）（手电筒）onadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarks

14、ituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofacloset（壁橱）（壁橱）iseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamper（露营者）（露营者）alsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfire（营火）（营火）hasbeenout.段中（哑铃式）段中（哑铃式）引题过渡，导出主题。引题过渡，导出主题。语篇结构为语篇结构为:“引题引题主题思想主题思想解释解释”或或“提问提问-回答回答解释解释”。Lets try 3Thispassagemainlytellsus_.How to find the main idea1Som

15、etimesthefirstsentenceofapassageisthetopicsentence.2Sometimesthelastsentenceisthetopicsentence.3Sometimesthetopicsentenceisinthemiddleofapassage.4Sometimesyouhavetofindoutthekeysentencesofeachparagraphtosumup(总结总结)themainidea.5Sometimesyoucantfindthetopicsentenceinthepassage.Youhavetoinfer(推理推理)them

16、ainideaaccordingtothewritersideas.skimming（略读）（略读）tofindthetopicsentenceBylanguagecontext(上下文语境）上下文语境）ExampleItwasjustamonthaftermygrandmotherpassedaway.（去世）Ispentmydaysdoinguselesswork,hopingtohidemysorrowandpain.A.sadness B.kindness C.illness D.shyness阅读策略阅读策略:(Guessing)猜测猜测-分析上下文信息，得出结论。分析上下文信息，得

17、出结论。2 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Word guessingWord guessingReadingstategy(阅读策略阅读策略 )：2 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Word guessingWord guessing词义猜测根据：上下文;构词法；逻辑关系；生活常识1.1.通过构词法猜测词义通过构词法猜测词义1)派生法：加前缀或后缀 如in+correct=incorrect2)合成法：如green+house=greenhouse3)3)拼缀法：如smoke+fog=smog(烟雾烟雾)4)4)转化法：如show（n.n.展示）show（V.V.表演）5)5)缩略法：如advertisemen

18、t-ad.;laboratory-lab.2.2.分析生词所在的句子、段落的上下文，运用自己所掌分析生词所在的句子、段落的上下文，运用自己所掌握的语法构词法以及对其背景的了解，决定生词在特定握的语法构词法以及对其背景的了解，决定生词在特定句子、段落中的内在涵义。句子、段落中的内在涵义。GuessingSkillsTip：此类题型要求我们能运用构词法知识，逻辑关系，此类题型要求我们能运用构词法知识，逻辑关系，释义，上下文语境，经验常识等方式来猜测词义。释义，上下文语境，经验常识等方式来猜测词义。2 词义猜测题词义猜测题 Word guessingWord guessing常见题型：常见题型：1.

19、Theword”_”inthepassageprobablymeans_.2.Theunderlinedword“it”refersto（指的是）_.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”_”meaninChinese?4.Theunderlinedwordhasthesamemeaningas_.Inthisbook,shepointedoutthattheuseofsomekindsofpesticides(杀虫剂)likeDDTwouldcausethenumberofbirdstodeclinebecauseitwouldkillthemaswell.A.增加B.减少

20、C.维持D.翻番表示因果关系的关联词表示因果关系的关联词：because,as,since,for,so,as a result根据关联词来猜测根据关联词来猜测Letstry4Letstry5 WhenSamheardthenews,hewashappyanddelighted.A.悲伤的悲伤的 B.无聊的无聊的 C.郁闷的郁闷的 D.开心的开心的 根据关联词来猜测根据关联词来猜测通过近义词进行猜测通过近义词进行猜测(表示同义关系的关联词：表示同义关系的关联词：and,or,also,like,just as)Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrothe

21、r.Letstry6根据关联词来猜测根据关联词来猜测通过反义词进行猜测（表示反义关系的关联词：通过反义词进行猜测（表示反义关系的关联词：not,while,however,but,though,although,yet,instead of）A.居家的居家的 B.平凡的，不好看的平凡的，不好看的 C.想家的想家的 The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable.A.健忘的健忘的 B.忘记的忘记的 C.难忘的难忘的根据词根，词缀（根据词根，词缀（im-,in-,un-；-less,-ness等）猜测派生词的词义等）猜测派生词的词义Letstry7

22、Byusingthewordformation(构词法构词法)AfteralongdrivetoLosAngeles,wefoundamotel,aplacefortravelersandtheircars,withareallygoodprice.Sowedecidedtostayforaweek.A.豪华餐厅B.私人别墅C.汽车旅馆D.路边商店总结：这是通过总结：这是通过_猜词猜词释义释义/定义定义Letstry8这种释义关系常由is，or，thatis，inotherwords，becalled或破折号等来表示。Asweallknow,Chinesepeopleliketoputthef

23、oodonyourplatetoshowtheirhospitality.Butforeignersdontdoit.Theythinktohelpyourselfisthebestway.A.富裕B.好客C.礼貌D.喜好根据常识和生活经验猜词根据常识和生活经验猜词ByusingthecommonsenseandlifeexperienceLets try 9IntheFarEastinancientGreece,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybythoseinhighofficeorbyroyalpeoplesuchasthekingsorqueens.A

24、.A.皇室的皇室的 B.B.富裕的富裕的C.C.中产的中产的 D.D.平民的平民的总结：这是通过举例猜词总结：这是通过举例猜词常用的有：常用的有：suchas;forexampleLetstry10 All his attempts(企图）to unlock（打开）the door was futile,because he was using the wrong key.A.徒劳的 B.正确的 C.困惑的通过逻辑关系猜测通过逻辑关系猜测Letstry11词义猜测题的解题技巧词义猜测题的解题技巧:7 7大必杀技大必杀技1.定义或释义猜词法：利用表达该词定义或释义的句子2.同义词反义词猜词法：利

25、用上下文提供的近义词，同义词或反义词3.举例猜词法：根据上下文举例说明进行猜测4.构词猜词法：根据积累的构词法、合成词等知识猜词义5.生活常识猜词法：根据生活常识6.上下文语境猜词法：根据上下文语境，因果关系等进行猜测7.代入法：将备选答案逐一带入文中，符合上下文逻辑关系的，则为正确答案。Thedoctorgavemysistersomemedicine,butitdidnothingtoher.()Fromthissentenceknow_.A.mysisterdidntlikethismedicineB.mysistertookthemedicineC.themedicinemademys

26、istersickD.mysistergotbetternow(根据后半句的butitdidnothingtoher推断得出我姐姐吃了这个药。)Example3 推理判断题推理判断题 ReadinginferenceSkills:1.含含infer,suggest,conclude等字等字眼的题目就是推断题。眼的题目就是推断题。2.2.推理判断注重原文作者观点，推理判断注重原文作者观点，总结为十二个字：总结为十二个字：立足主旨，忠立足主旨，忠于原文，于原文，判断推理判断推理！Readingstrategy(阅读策略阅读策略)：3 推理判断题推理判断题 ReadinginferenceInfer

27、ence 推断推断Task13 推理判断题推理判断题 Reading inferenceReading inferenceTip：这类题型要求我们透过表面的文字信息，经过分析，这类题型要求我们透过表面的文字信息，经过分析，归纳和推理，挖掘出文章的隐蔽信息和潜在含义。归纳和推理，挖掘出文章的隐蔽信息和潜在含义。常见题型：常见题型：1.Wecaninfer(推理推理)fromthetextthat_2.Thispassageistakenfrom_3.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknow_4.Thewritersuggeststhat_Dangtuislocatedint

28、henorthhumidsubtropicalclimatezonewith four clearly defined seasons and temperate climate.Itsannual average temperature is 14.9C.The coldest month isJanuary,with an average temperature of l.8C.The hottestmonthisJuly,withanaveragetemperatureof27.6C.Formanyyears,theaverageyearlyrainfallhasstayedatabou

29、tl,030mm,mostly from May to September.The rainy season,known asPlum Rain Season,usually lasts from mid-June to mid-July,accountingforabout25%ofwholeyearsrainfall.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat?A.Thereareonly2seasonsinDangtu.B.Januaryisthecoldestmonthwithanaveragetemperatureof14.9C.Thereistheleast

30、raininJune.D.PlumRainSeason(梅雨季节梅雨季节)lastsaboutonemonth.Lets try 12Tips:Tips:此类题目需要理解作此类题目需要理解作者的意图和想法，推断文章者的意图和想法，推断文章的内容，对相关句进行合理的内容，对相关句进行合理概括或推断。概括或推断。Howtosummarizeandinfer?1.Wemusttrytounderstandthewholepassagefirst.2.Wemayinfersomethingaccordingtothefacts,backgroundandcommonsense.3.Wehavetono

31、ticetheothermeaningsofthewords.4.Ourinferringmustgobacktothearticle.Behonest.ThatsallyouhavetodoonHonestyDay.Itwouldbegreatifwewereallhonesteverydayoftheyear.Itsgoodthatthereisadaytoencouragehonesty.M.HirshGoldbergstartedHonestyDay.HechosethelastdayofAprilbecausethefirstdayisAprilFoolsDay,whichceleb

32、ratelies.WhichofthefollowingisHonestyDay?A.April1stB.April10thC.April20thD.April30thExample4 细节理解题细节理解题 DetailsDetails找准找准题干关键词题干关键词，然后，然后带入原文定位寻找带入原文定位寻找答案。答案。迅速找出文章中的有关事实细节或某一迅速找出文章中的有关事实细节或某一具体信息具体信息,进行进行一一对照，比对一一对照，比对，找出不，找出不同或相同点。同或相同点。同时要注意同时要注意作者作者的观点的观点。Reading strategy Reading strategy(阅读策略

33、阅读策略 ):):4 细节理解题细节理解题 DetailsDetailsScanningScanningSkills:Tip：此类题型主要考查我们对文章细节的描写，具体事实的理此类题型主要考查我们对文章细节的描写，具体事实的理 解能力。快速定位信息，找到关键词是做好这类题的关键。解能力。快速定位信息，找到关键词是做好这类题的关键。1.What/Who/When/Where/Why/Which/How2.Whichofthefollowingisntmentioned?3.WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue?4 细节理解题细节理解题 DetailsDetails常

34、见题型常见题型()Accordingtotheposter,theactivitiesareagreatchancetoteachthekidsto_.A.protecttheenvironmentB.getfreedrinksandcandiesC.pickupthemostrubbishD.docleaningandplanttreesBringyourkidswithyou.Itisagreatchancetoteachthemtocarefortheenvironmentaroundus.Wehavefreedrinksandchocolatecandiesforthechildren

35、atthepark.A注意关键词注意关键词“great chance”！寻找关键词寻找关键词Lets try 13 如何解答如何解答细节理解细节理解题题？(To look for details)细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。往往针对短文某个细节来设题。解题技巧为：解题技巧为：快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照,一般能从原文中直一般能从原文中直接找到答案。接找到答案。我们自己来做阅读 学以致用，熟能生巧学以致用，熟能生巧Re

36、adthepassageandanswerthequestions.(6minutes)Tips:Useyourpenstounderlineorcircletheanswers!1.Finish the reading comprehension alone.2.Discuss your answers in groups and talk about the 4 types of questions.Challenge yourself 中考实战中考实战1WhenyourdreamistobecomeafootballerandplayforBarcelona,nothingshouldg

37、etinyour way（阻止）evenifyouhavenofeet.2An11-year-oldschoolboyGabrielMuniz,whowasbornwithoutfeet,willflyfromhishomeinBraziltotakepartintheSpanishclubssummertrainingcamp.Althoughheisdisabled,Munizis oneofthetopplayersattheschoolandcaptainofhisgymclass.Hecanrun,dribble(运球),pass andstriketheballaswellasan

38、yofhisable-bodiedteammates.Hespendsallhissparetimeonthe footballpitch（球场；体育比赛的场地）.3HisbestfriendLucasSantosspokeabouthisabilitiesonavideoforThe Sun,“Heisskillful,he goesafterit,heisfearlessandheknowshowtoorganizeplays.Healsomakesgoodpasses.”Mum Sandrawasthrilledthathersonwouldachievehisdreams.Shesai

39、d,“Hestartedwalkingbeforehe wasone.Wewould go afterhim,expecting himto keepfalling,butheneverfell.”Munizsgymteacheradded,“Heischallengingthesocialnorms(标准).Whenhearrivedthere,noonebelievedinhim.”Butheshowedtoeveryonethathecouldplayaswellasanyotherboy.Sohewasinvitedtogo toSpaintoshowhistalent.4TheSpa

40、nishLaLiga(西甲)soccerclubhasofferedtoflyMuniztoSpaininSeptember,wherehellbe abletoshowoffhis“fancyfootwork”andmeethisidol,BarasoccerplayerLionelMessi（里奥梅西）.5Munizwearsaprosthetic(假体的)ankleandfoottohelphimgetaroundinrainyweather.Heknowsthathisdisabilitymeanshellneverbeabletoplayforaprofessionalfootbal

41、lteamandso MunizishopingthatfootballwillonedaybecomeaParalympic(残奥会的)sport.2018年中考英语阅读理解C 真题重现()1.WhopraisedMunizsfootballabilities?A.Hisidol,MessiB.HisbestfriendC.Hismum,SandraD.Hisgymteacher()2.Theunderlinedword“thrilled”inparagraph3hasthesimilarmeaningto_.A.excitedB.worriedC.disappointedD.interes

42、ted()3.ThetimeorderofthefollowingsentencesisMuniz_.playedfootballwellandbecamecaptainofhisschoolgymclasscouldwalkwithoutfallingwhenhewasverylittlewasaskedtoflytoSpainforasummertrainingcampA.B.C.D.()4.WecantellthatMunizaccordingtothepassage.A.hasdifficultyinlivinganormallifeB.dreamstoplayforaprofessi

43、onalfootballteamC.willplayfootballfortheSpanishLaLigasoccerclubD.hopesthatplayingfootballwillbepartofParalympicGames.()5.Whichsayingcanexpressthespiritofthepassage?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Neverputofftomorrowwhatwecandotoday.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.BDCAC 真题重

44、现3HisbestfriendLucasSantosspokeabouthisabilitiesonavideoforThe Sun,“Heisskillful,hegoesafterit,heisfearlessandheknowshowtoorganizeplays.Healsomakesgoodpasses.”1.WhopraisedMunizsfootballabilities?A.Hisidol,MessiB.HisbestfriendC.Hismum,SandraD.Hisgymteacher细节理解题细节理解题 关键句关键句注意注意What/Who/When/Where/Why/

45、WhichHow等特殊疑问词等特殊疑问词.真题重现2.Theunderlinedword“thrilled”inparagraph3hasthesimilarmeaningto_.A.excitedB.worriedC.disappointedD.interested3HisbestfriendLucasSantosspokeabouthisabilitiesonavideoforThe Sun,“Heisskillful,he goesafterit,heisfearlessandheknowshowtoorganizeplays.Healsomakesgoodpasses.”Mum San

46、drawasthrilledthathersonwouldachievehisdreams.Shesaid,“Hestartedwalkingbeforehe wasone.Wewould goafterhim,expectinghimtokeepfalling,butheneverfell.”Munizsgymteacheradded,“Heischallengingthesocialnorms(标准).Whenhearrivedthere,noonebelievedinhim.”Butheshowedtoeveryonethathecouldplayaswellasanyotherboy.

47、SohewasinvitedtogotoSpaintoshowhistalent.词义猜测题词义猜测题联系上下文联系上下文关键句、关键句、利用构词法利用构词法 真题重现 3She said,“He started walking before he was one.We would go after him,expectinghimtokeepfalling,butheneverfell.”2Althoughheisdisabled,Munizisoneofthetopplayersattheschoolandcaptainofhisgymclass.2An11-year-oldschoolb

48、oyGabrielMuniz,whowasbornwithoutfeet,willflyfromhishomeinBraziltotakepartintheSpanishclubssummertrainingcamp.3.ThetimeorderofthefollowingsentencesisMuniz_.playedfootballwellandbecamecaptainofhisschoolgymclasscouldwalkwithoutfallingwhenhewasverylittlewasaskedtoflytoSpainforasummertrainingcampA.B.C.D.

49、细节理解题细节理解题 关键句关键句 真题重现5HeknowsthathisdisabilitymeanshellneverbeabletoplayforaprofessionalfootballteamandsoMunizishopingthatfootballwillonedaybecomeaParalympic(残奥会的)sport.推理判断题推理判断题找关键词找关键词联系上下文联系上下文常识、推理常识、推理4.WecantellthatMunizaccordingtothepassage.A.hasdifficultyinlivinganormallifeB.dreamstoplayfo

50、raprofessionalfootballteamC.willplayfootballfortheSpanishLaLigasoccerclubD.hopesthatplayingfootballwillbepartofParalympicGames.真题重现5.Whichsayingcanexpressthespiritofthepassage？A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Neverputofftomorrowwhatwecandotoday.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D.Agoodbeginningishalfdo