BUnitInternationalcharitiesGrammar汇总学习教程.pptx

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1、语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：We clean the classroom every day.我们每天都打扫教室。The classroom is cleaned(by us)every day.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。第1页/共37页1.一般现在时:am/is/are+pp2.一般过去时:was/were+pp3.含有情态动词:情态动词+be+pp4.一般将来时:will/shall+be+pp be going to be+pp5.现在完成时:hav

2、e/has+been+pp第2页/共37页1、各种时态的变化只在be动词上面体现差异，pp只表示被动2、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句 你会变化么？第3页/共37页1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +pp第4页/共37页2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一

3、般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+pp第5页/共37页3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+pp第6页/共37页4.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.一般将来时：will be+pp第7页/共37页5.They have bought ten computers since 2005 Te

4、n computershave been boughtbythemsince 2005.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+pp第8页/共37页请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit.Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day.The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998?_ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun write

5、 these books?When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by第9页/共37页5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The classroom _ _ yesterday.arent grownwasnt cleaned第10页/共37页(二）情态动词的被动语态。1.You can do the

6、 work all by yourself.The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees.More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole.A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here?_ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubbish here.Rubbish _ _ _ here.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt

7、be thrown 第11页/共37页6.We cant see many stars.Many stars _ _ _.小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前_;否定句：_+not.cant be seen 情态动词+be+过去分词情态动词情态动词第12页/共37页几点注意：第13页/共37页1 1、不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。、不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。happen,take place,appear,disappear,belong to,break out(爆发）The accident _ early this mor

8、ning.A.happened B.was happened C.has happened The Olympics _ (take place)every four years.take place 一、不用被动语态的情况一、不用被动语态的情况第14页/共37页2、连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become The music _(sound)beautiful.sounds3、当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。常与副词easy,well,easily 等连用。The pen

9、 _(write)very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell)well.sells第15页/共37页二、有些动词常用于被动语态He was born in Nanjing.他生于南京。The mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。第16页/共37页Eg：give sb sth show sb sth buy sb sth make sb sth等等可以改为for或者to的词组的give sth to sbshow sth to sbbuy sth for sbmake sth for sb三、双宾结构的

10、被动语态第17页/共37页Toms father bought him a book.He _ a book(by his father)A book_ him(by his father)把指人的间接宾语作为被动句的主语（较少）把指人的间接宾语作为被动句的主语（较少）把指物的直接宾语作为被动句主语时，把指物的直接宾语作为被动句主语时，要加要加介词介词toto或或forfor（较多）（较多）was boughtwas bought for 第18页/共37页pass,show,send 此类动词有：buybe boughtbe bought forfor如：givebe given to 此类

11、动词还有：draw，make,cook,mend第19页/共37页1.Please pass the book to Lily.Lily is passed the book.The book is passed to Lily by you please.2.He gave me a beautiful present.I was given a beautiful present by him.A beautiful present was given to me.第20页/共37页五看：see,watch,look at,notice,observe三使：make,let,have二听：

12、hear,listen to一感觉：feel四、感官动词和使役动词在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把to加在动词原形之前，即to还原第21页/共37页They made the boys work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.The boys were made to work 12 hours a day.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.第22页/共37页1.The teachers often make us re

13、ad books in the morning.We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers.2.We noticed him talk with my brother just now.He was noticed to talk with my brother just now.3.We saw her help Tom when we enter the room.She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room.4.I made him stop while h

14、e was doing the work.He was made to stop while he was doing the work.第23页/共37页五、动词短语变被动语态，要保持短语的完整性，五、动词短语变被动语态，要保持短语的完整性，五、动词短语变被动语态，要保持短语的完整性，五、动词短语变被动语态，要保持短语的完整性，后面的介词不能丢后面的介词不能丢后面的介词不能丢后面的介词不能丢。take care of be taken care ofcut down be cut downlaugh at be laughed atlook after be looked afterspea

15、k to be spoken tohand in be handed inlisten to be listened to 第24页/共37页1.I can take good care of the baby.2.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken to politely.The baby can be taken good care of.3.The students usually listen to the teacher carefully.The teacher is usually listen

16、ed to carefully by the students.第25页/共37页六、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that 七、常见被动语态句子。（见练习讲义。计22句，属于必背内容！）第26页/共37页1.-Did you go to Jims birth

17、day party?-No,I _ (常州常州2013年中招试题年中招试题)A.am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invited2.To make our city more beautiful,rubbish _ into the river.A.neednt be thrown B.mustnt be thrown C.cant throw D.may not throw (常州常州2012年中招试题年中招试题)第27页/共37页3.The workers were made 12 hours a day n t

18、he old days.A.work B.to work C.be worked D.worked4.Their homework half an hour ago.A.was handed in B.was handedC.Will be handed in D.was hand 第28页/共37页5.-What do you think of the football match yesterday?-Its surprising.The strongest team _.A.was beaten B.won C.scored D.was failed6.I wont come to th

19、e party unless Sue_.A.will invite B.invites C.invited D.is invited7.What are on show in the museum?Some photos _ by African children.A.are taken B.have been taken C.taken D.were taken8.The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B was made C was made to D made to模模 拟拟第29页/共37页9.The trees must

20、_ three times a week.A.water B.is watering C.be watered D.waters10.Another new building _last month near my school.A.was built B.built C.has been built D.is built11.A new bridge _ over the river next year.A is built B will build C will be built D will built12.TV and radio programmes _ the other side

21、 of the world with the help of the satellites.A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent on第30页/共37页13.In summer meat and fruit _for a long time.A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping14.These films _ by young children.A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should b

22、e not seen D should see15.The piece of music _ great.A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding16.It _ in a small village last month.A happened B was happened C happen D had happened第31页/共37页17.Our classroom should _ clean and tidy.A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept18.No letter _ since yo

23、u left for Shanghai.A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received19.Im afraid you cant go in.The room_.A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting20.The girl _singing when we passed by.A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to第32页/共37页21.My new pen

24、_ well.A writes B is writing C is written D was writing22.Another bridge_set up over the river in 6 years.A is being B will been C will be D has been23.-Why,you are wet all over!-I _just now and I rushed all the way here.A caught the rain B was caught in the rain C caught a rain D was caught by a ra

25、in第33页/共37页24.We are told that these books _ to the library.A can be returned B may return C must be returned D must returned25.This kind of medicine _ after supper.A should take B should be taken C should be eaten D should eat26.A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week.A is given B h

26、as been given C will give D will be given27.He _ go into the room just now.A saw B was seen C was seen to D saw to第34页/共37页28.You may go fishing if your work_.A.is done B.will be done C.has done D.have done29.We are told _ everywhere.Its our duty to keep our school clean.A.not to make much noise B.to throw waste paper C.to draw D.not to spit第35页/共37页第36页/共37页感谢您的观赏！第37页/共37页