ing作状语学习教程.pptx

《ing作状语学习教程.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《ing作状语学习教程.pptx（39页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、doingdoing动名词现在分词（作主语,定语,宾语,表语）（作表语,定语,宾补,状语）主动进行意义:第1页/共39页一、形式否定形式:v-ing：主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式doingdoinghaving donehaving donebeing donebeing donehaving been donehaving been donenot+v-ing/having done 的形式-ing分词的一般式的动作表示和主句的动作是同时进行或者在主句的动作之后发生；完成式的动作是先于主句的动作发生。第2页/共39页千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语

2、，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。第3页/共39页翻译下列句子，并指出V-ing在句中的用法。1.百闻不如一见。Seeing is believing.2.在这里等是没用的。Its no use waiting here.3.我的爱好是收集邮票。My hobby is collecting stamps.4.She likes drawing very much.这本书很值得一看。The book is well worth reading.5.I saw him crossing the street.6.The sleeping child is only

3、 five years old.作主语作主语作表语作宾语作宾补作定语第4页/共39页Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already,I didnt take much notice.Having experienced waiting 总结:为什么可以用分词(doing)结构?1.主语相同,没有连词,表主动.2.为什么有时候用doing有时候用having done?2.动作有先后,动作先的用having done,动作基本一

4、致的用doing.伴随状语Mary stood at,and waited for Betty.原因状语Because I had experienced 状语从句第5页/共39页The Present Participle as Adverbial（现在分词做状语现在分词做状语）第6页/共39页-ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示Task1现在分词作状语代替状语从句时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。第7页/共39页一.-ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句：

5、注意：1：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when,while引出。2：现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时，现在分词一般位于句首。如：第8页/共39页Whenhereadthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.Whenshesawthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.(When)readingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.第9页/共39页二、-ing分词短语作原因状

6、语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如：Ashewasill,hecouldntcometoschooltoday.Beingill,hecouldntcometoschooltoday.be-being第10页/共39页Not knowing her address,we couldnt get in touch with her.Because we didnt know her address,we.Being so poor in those days,we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.As we were so poor in tho

7、se days,we.注注注注：如如果果分分词词表表示示的的动动作作在在谓谓语语所所表表示示的的动动作作之之前前发发生，则要用完成形式，如：生，则要用完成形式，如：Having worked among the peasants for many years,he knew them very well.Because he had worked among.,he knew.Not having received an answer,he decided to write another letter.Because he had not received an.,he decided to

8、.第11页/共39页三、ing分词短语作结果状语。如：Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.第12页/共39页四、-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句和让步状语从句。Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.Thoughtheyknewallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.Knowingallthi

9、s,theymademepayforthedamage.第13页/共39页五、-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如：Theystoodthereforhalfanhourwatchingthestarsinthesky.Followingtheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly._bytheoldman,theyoungpeoplestartedwalkingslowly.Followed第14页/共39页状语现在分词过去分词doing与主语为主动关系done与主语为被动关系分词作状语其逻辑主

10、语必须与句子主语保持一致第15页/共39页Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.Whentheyheardthebadnewsdoing与主语为主动关系第16页/共39页Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattentiondone与主语为被动关系第17页/共39页_from the top of the building,we saw the house like a match box._from the top of the building,

11、the house looks like a match box.SeeingSeensee第18页/共39页 While the boy was reading the newspaper,his father nodded from time to time.Thinking:Reading the newspaper,his father nodded from time to time.主语不同第19页/共39页Ifyoucheckyourcompositioncarefully,somespellingmistakescanbeavoided.Checkingyourcomposit

12、ioncarefully,somespellingmistakescanbeavoided第20页/共39页现在分词的独立主格结构在用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致,但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语,这种结构称为:分词独立主格结构独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况,表示时间、原因、条件等第21页/共39页Astheboyledtheway,wehadnotroublefindingthestrangevillage.Iftheweatherpermits,wellgoforanoutingtomorrow.leadingtheway,wehadnotroublefi

13、ndingthestrangevillage.permitting,wellgoforanoutingtomorrow.Practice:TheboyTheweather第22页/共39页Astherewasnofurtherproblemstodiscuss,weendedthemeetingatlast.Therebeingnofurtherproblemstodiscuss,weendedthemeetingatlast.第23页/共39页有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly)speaki

14、ng,supposing(假设),judgingfrom(从判断),talkingof（谈到),speakingof（谈到）等。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?现在分词的独立成分第24页/共39页分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个

15、并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号。注意：第25页/共39页判断:Havingbeentoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.Hewastoldmanytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.或Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.错误第26页/共39页1、分词(短语)作状语时,前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。如果前后两个动作的主语不是同一个人，分词（短语）可以带上它自己独立的逻辑上的主语,2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加

16、上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号。总结：使用 v-ing形式需注意的4个问题.第27页/共39页3、用V+ing一般式 还是 Having+done完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not,never等否定词构成。第28页/共39页1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.A.Havingbeentold

17、B.ToldC.HewastoldD.Hebeentold3._fromspace,theearthlooksblue.4._fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.CAABbuttheearthwe(对比练习)第29页/共39页ConsolidationThesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_itthemost

18、popularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake第30页/共39页3.”Cantyouread?”Marysaid_tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing4._areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotNothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived第31页/共39页5Themissingsingerwaslastseen_

19、thevoiceclosetothebridgeAexercisingBtobeexercisingCexerciseDtoexercise6.Thedirectorsdiscussedtheprojectthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyearAcarryoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarryout第32页/共39页1.Afterheheardastrongsound,hewentoutoftheroomforalook.=Hearingastrangesound,hewentoutof.2.Asthegirlwasseriously

20、ill,shewastakentohospitalimmediately.Beingseriouslyill,thegirlwastakento.be-being3.AsshedidntknowanyFrench,shecouldntgetanyonetohelpher.NotknowinganyFrench,shecouldntgetanyonetohelpher.第33页/共39页4.The sun shines brightly in the sky and givesus light and heat.The sun shines brightly in the sky giving

21、us light and heat.5.If you dont lose heart,you will find a way to overcome the difficulty.Not losing heart,you will find a way to overcome the difficulty.第34页/共39页6.First we crossed the valley.Then we started to climb a hill.Having crossed the valley,we started to climb a hill.7.Because this was my

22、first experience,I stayed at the top and watched them.This being my first experience,I stayed.8.The child having been told many times,his mother still wanted to say again.Although/Though the child had been told many times,his mother.第35页/共39页翻译下列句子（用分词作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语）1.说比做容易。2.他的工作就是保证客人的安全。3.我的妹妹擅长

23、唱歌.4.你知道站在门口的那个人吗？5.她坐在桌旁阅读报纸.6.看到这些照片,他情不自禁想起在延安的日子7.她的丈夫在去年去世了，给她留下了两个孩子。8.一旦这本书被翻译成中文，许多人将会很喜欢它。9.如果他们给我更多的时间,我会把工作做得更好.10.因为不知道如何到那里，他只得问路。第36页/共39页翻译下列句子（用分词作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语）1.说比做容易。Talking is easier than doing.2.他的工作就是保证客人的安全。His job is guaranteeing the guests safety.3.我的妹妹擅长唱歌.My sister is goo

24、d at singing.4.你知道站在门口的那个人吗？Do you know the man standing at the gate?5.她坐在桌旁阅读报纸.She sat at the desk reading a newspaperreading a newspaper.6.看到这些照片,他情不自禁想起在延安的日子 Seeing those pictures,he couldnt help thinking of those days in Yanan.第37页/共39页7.她的丈夫在去年去世了，给她留下了两个孩子。Her husband died last year,leaving

25、her with two children.8.一旦这本书被翻译成中文，许多人将会很喜欢它。Once the book being translated into Chinese,many people will love it very much.9.如果他们给我更多的时间,我会把工作做得更好.a.If I am given more time,I will do the work much better.b.Given more time,I will do the work much better.c.They giving me more time,I will do the work much better.10.因为不知道如何到那里，他只得问路。Not knowing how to get there,he had to ask the way.=As he did not know how to get there,.第38页/共39页感谢您的观看！第39页/共39页