高中英语虚拟语气知识点梳理.pdf
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1、1 高中英语虚拟语气知识点梳理 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、She looks as if she _ ten years younger.AisBwasCwereDhad been 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子,此处为虚拟语气,她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实相反,主句用一般过去时,be 动词都用 were,故选 C 项。2、Its recommended that you _ to bed on time.AgoingBgoCto goDdont go 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:建议你按时睡觉。句型 Its recommend
2、ed that+虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用 should+动词原形,should 可以省略。故选 B。3、If there were not so many new words,the text _ much easier.Awill beBwould have beenCcould have beenDwould be 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有这么多新单词的话,这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知,句子为虚拟条件句,表示对现在情况的虚拟,条件句用一般过去时,主句用 would/should/could/might+动词原形,D 选项符合题意。故选 D 项。2 4、None of
3、these efforts _ today had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts.Awould existBwould have existedCexistedDhad existed 答案:A 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:过去的 50 年,如果没有航天局的努力,今天这些成就都不会发生。分析可知,本句为错综条件句的虚拟语气。根据句中“had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts”可知,这是省略了 if的虚拟条件句式,从句表示和过去事实相反,使用了 had done
4、的的句式,结合主句中 today 可知,主句和现在事实相反,所以用 would do,结合选项,选项 A 符合题意,故选 A。5、The people trapped in the ruins _ that rescue teams _ here without delay.Adesire;are sentBdesiring;were sent Cdesire;be sentDdesiring;be sent 答案:C 解析:考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意:被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为 people,时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形 desire;第二空 desir
5、e(要求)后接 that 从句时,其谓语通常用“(should)动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式,should 可以省略,且 team 与 send 构成被动关系,故第二空应填 be sent。故选C。6、Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Anot allowBdo not allow Cmustnt allowDcouldnt allow 答案:A 解析:3 考查虚拟语气。句意:老师建议家长为了安全起见,不要让 12 岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学。rec
6、ommend 后的宾语从句中的谓语动词需要用虚拟语气,结构为“should+动词原形”,should 可以省略。故 A 项正确。小提示:在表示建议、要求、命令、坚持、想法等词后的宾语从句中要用(should)do 的虚拟语气,其中 should 可以省略,常见的这类词有 advise,suggest,recommend,demand,order,require,insist,propose,agree,decide 等。如,The doctor suggested that she(should)take care of herself.7、You could come back by Fri
7、day _ today,which can ensure your presence at my birthday party.Ashould you start offBdid you start off Chad you started offDwould you start off 答案:A 解析:考查虚拟语气中的倒装。句意:如果你今天出发,你可以在星期五回来,这样可以确保你参加我的生日聚会。本题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,逗号之前若使用 if 引导的虚拟条件句,则为:You could come back by Friday if you should start off today。在虚拟
8、条件状语从句中如果有 were,should,had 这三个词,可以将 if 省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成 were,should,had+主语的形式。故选 A。小提示:虚拟语气中的倒装 当虚拟条件句中含有 were,had,should 时,可以将 if 省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成 were,should,had+主语的形式:1)If he should fail,he would kill himself.Should he fail,he would kill himself.万一失败,他就会自杀。2)If I were you,I would do it
9、at once.Were I you,I would do it at once.4 假若我是你,我就会马上做。3)If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.Had he seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你,他就会问你这事了。本小题考查虚拟语气中的倒装,属于以上解析的第二种情况。逗号之前若使用 if 引导的虚拟条件句,则为:You could come back by Friday if you should start of
10、f today。在虚拟条件状语从句中如果有 were,should,had 这三个词,可以将 if 省略,将它们放在虚拟条件句的主语之前,变成 were,should,had+主语的形式,即为虚拟语气中的倒装。故选 A。8、It is suggested that the bridge _.Ashould rebuiltBshould be rebuilt Cwould be rebuiltDwould rebuilt 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:有人建议这座桥应该被重建。It is suggested that 这个句型中,that 从句应该使用should+动词原形,shou
11、ld 可以被省略的虚拟语气。“桥”和“重建”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选 B。9、But for your help,I _ the work on time.I really do not know how I can thank you enough.Awouldnt finishBhadnt finished Cwouldnt have finishedDwont have finished 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是你的帮助,我就不会按时完成这项工作了。我真不知道该怎么感谢你才好。此处But for“要不是”,相当于 if 引导的虚拟语气,与过去的事实相反,所以主语
12、部分应该是5 would/might/could+have done 结构。故选 C。10、I recommend that you _ on your study instead of _ computer games all day.Afocus;playBfocusing;playing Cfocusing;playDfocus;playing 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意:我建议你集中精力学习而不是整天玩电脑游戏。第一空 recommend 表示建议,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should)+原形动词,should 可省略;第二空作介词 of
13、 的宾语,应用动名词形式。故选 D。11、-Its a complete pity that you missed the wonderful lecture.-Terribly sorry!_my former colleague not come to me unexpectedly.AShouldBWouldCHadDDid 答案:C 解析:考查虚拟倒装。句意:你错过了那场精彩的演讲,真是太遗憾了!非常抱歉,要是我以前的同事没有突然来找我就好了。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的虚拟,从句用过去完成时,谓语动词是 had,if 可以省略,但是要用倒装语序。故选 C。12、Tom insiste
14、d what he said_ true and we insisted that he_ and have a look.Abe;should goBshould be;would go Cwas;goDwas;would go 答案:C 6 解析:考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:汤姆坚持说他说的是真的,我们坚持要求他去看一看。第一个 insist 引导宾语从句,意为“坚持认为”,用陈述语气,宾语从句的时态根据主句而定,根据主句的 insisted 可知,时态为过去时,所以用 was;第二个 insist 引导宾语从句,意为“坚持要求”,需用虚拟语气。insist that sb(should)d
15、o,其中should 可以省略,所以动词用原形 go。故选 C。13、Its requested that a lecture _ on this subject.Ais givenBshould be givenCwill be givenDhas been given 答案:B 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request 表示“要求”时引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。故选 B。小提示:后接虚拟语气的常见词 1)在 insist,order,command,sugg
16、est,propose,advise,desire,demand,require,request,order,prefer,propose,recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.2)类似用法的还有 advisable,
17、appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper 等形容词;decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如:7 It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decis
18、ion was that the school remain closed.3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。14、How marvelous our life is with so many digital devices!Yes.I bet our life_the same without them.AisntBcant beCwont beDwouldnt be 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:有这么多数码设备,我们的生活真是太奇妙了。是的。我打赌如果没有它们,我们的生活就不一样了。由 without 判断此处是含蓄虚拟语气,且
19、与现在的事实相反,故用 would+do/be,故选 D 项。小提示:本句考查含蓄虚拟语气 含蓄虚拟语气里常会出现 without,but for,otherwise,were if not for 等词,例如:Without your help,I couldnt have passed the driving test yesterday.没有你的帮助,我就不可能通过昨天的驾考。Thanks for your advice,otherwise I wouldnt have lost weight successfully.多亏了你的建议,否则我就不会成功减肥了。15、The profess
20、or demanded that all the essays _ to him by Jan.10th.Ahand inBbe handed in Cshould hand inDwere handed in 答案:B 8 解析:考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:教授要求所有的论文在 1 月 10 日前交上来。essays 与 hand in 之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态,demand 后的宾语从句应该用 should do 的虚拟语气,should 可以省略,故 B 项正确。小提示:注意在表示建议、要求、命令以及坚持等词后的宾语从句中要用 should+动词的虚拟语气,其中 should 可以省
21、略。16、Left to itself,the place _ into a prosperous civilized community Awas to growBwere to grow Cshould have grownDwould have grown 答案:D 解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果任其发展,这个地方会发展成一个繁荣的文明社区。此句为隐含条件虚拟语气,且与过去事实相反,所以主句用 would/could/should/might+have done。would 表示“将会”,should 表示“应当”。故选 D。17、When it comes to death,Vince
22、nt Van Gogh _ by others in that his wound didnt indicate suicide,while Albert Einstein _ longer but he refused surgery,Amay have been killed;should have lived Bshould have been killed;should have lived Cmay have been killed;must have lived Dshould have been killed:must have lived 答案:A 9 解析:考查情态动词和虚拟
23、语气。句意:谈到死亡,文森特梵高可能被其他人杀害,因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀,而阿尔伯特爱因斯坦本应该活得更长,但他拒绝接受手术。A.may have been killed;should have lived 可能被其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;B.should have been killed;should have lived 本应该被其他人杀害,本应该活得更长;C.may have been killed;must have lived 可能被其他人杀害,一定活了很长;D.should have been killed:must have lived 本应该被其他人杀害,一定活了很长。结
24、合句意,may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测,should have done 本应该做某事,实际未做,符合句意。故选 A 项。18、_I had more money,I could buy a car.AOnly ifBIf everCIf onlyDEven if 答案:C 解析:考查状语从句的从属连词。句意:要是我有更多钱就好了,我就可以买一辆车。A.Only if 只有,除非;B.If ever 如果曾经有;C.If only 要是就好了;D.Even if 尽管。分析句子可知,此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,再结合句意可知,此处用 if only“要是就好了”符合语
25、境和语法要求,故选 C 项。19、This is her only request that the room_ after being used.Abe cleanedBis cleanedCwould be cleanedDwill be cleaned 答案:A 解析:考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:她唯一的要求就是房间用完后要打扫。request 表示“要求”所接的 that 引导的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should)+原形动词,should 可省略,从句中主语 room与 clean 构成被动关系,应用被动语态。故选 A。20、How impressive C
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