2022-2023学年广东省广州市培正中学高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题(含答案).pdf

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1、2022 学年第一学期期中“三校联考”检测题 高一级 英语（问卷）本试卷共 5 页,满分 130分。考试用时 120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前,考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。用2B铅笔将考生号、座位号填涂在答题卡相应位置上。2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要

2、求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节,满分 50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分,满分 37.5分）阅读下列短文,从 1-15每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Marathon is the supreme discipline of long-distance running.They are not only attractive for top athletes,but also for hobby runners.The choice of events

3、 is almost endless.Now we have put together some most breathtakingly beautiful ones that youll be tempted（诱惑）to run holding a camera.Ultra-trail Angkor,Cambodia The newest of a series of Angkor marathons,this endurance test offers 32-km,64-km and 128-km routes around the famous temples,including Bay

4、on and Angkor Wat.Watch out for monkeys,and the gigantic tree vines that memorably hug some of the great buildings.Dodo Trail,Mauritius Crossing rugged coastline and tropical forests,the Dodo Trail is full of wildlife,although the famous dodo bird remains,sadly,extinct.While the demanding 50km Xtrem

5、e route covers 828m-high Black River Peak,a beginner-friendly Mini Dodo Trail（10 km）is easier.Great Ocean Road marathon,Australia Another well-known scenic coastal drive,southern Australia s Great Ocean Road stages a footrace every May.Neck-ache could be a problem:in one direction lies the scenic So

6、uth Sea,and in another handsome forest and,if youre lucky,a koala or two.Be warned,however,that the series of steep slopes make this one of the toughest mar-athons.Big Five marathon,South Africa Marathon meets safari at the privately owned Entabeni Game Reserve every June.The start time is dependent

7、 on the race-day location of the Big Five members-African elephants,Cape buffalo,lions,leopards and rhinos-as organizers try to guarantee sight-ings.1.Which marathon is suitable for less experienced runners?A.Ultra-trail Angkor.B.Dodo Trail.C.Great Ocean Road marathon.D.Big Five marathon.2.Why does

8、the writer mention“neck-ache”in Great Ocean Road marathon?A.To highlight the wonderful scenery.B.To present the difficulty of the event.C.To attract attention to physical health.D.To warn runners of dangerous animals.3.What do the four marathons have in common?A.Risky and tiring routes.B.Beautiful c

9、oastal views.C.Chances to see wild animals.D.Fixed time for annual events.B A 13-year-old American boy on Saturday became the youngest climber to conquer Mount Everest,the worlds highest mountain.Jordan Romero from Big Bear,California,climbed up the 8,850-meter summit（峰顶）from the Tibetan side.On the

10、 same day,a Nepali（尼泊尔的）man,Apa Sherpa,broke his own world record of climbing Everest when he reached the summit for the twentieth time.Apa Shepas team set off from Nepals capital,Kathmandu,last month,heading for the base camp（大本营）on the Chinese side of the mountain.“The team has just called in and

11、believe that they are standing on top of Mt.Everest,”Romeros blog said.“Their dreams have now come true.Everyone is happy.”The climbing has put Romero one step closer to reaching his goal of climbing the highest mountains on all seven continents（大洲）.“It is just a goal.”Romero said.He had already cli

12、mbed five peaks（高峰）,and needs to climb only Vinson Massif,the highest peak in Antarctica,to hit his goal.The youngest person before to climb Everest was 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal.Romero climbed together with a team including his father Paul and three local guides.He wanted to pick a s

13、mall piece of rock from the top of the world and wear it in a necklace.While Nepal insists that anyone planning to climb Mount Everest must beat least 16,China does not have any age restrictions（限制）.Some mountain climbers ha-vent agreed with the Romero family for letting him try it but his father sa

14、id the climb-ing from the Chinese side is less dangerous.4.Jordan Romero climbed up Mount Everest mainly to _.A.meet Apa Sherpa B.build his body C.break the world record D.realize part of his goal 5.To stand on the highest mountains on all seven continents,Jordan Romero plans to climb the peak in _.

15、A.Asia B.Antarctica C.Europe D.Africa 6.Why did Jordan Romero choose to climb from the Chinese side of Mount Ev-erest?A.China allows climbers of any age to climb Mt.Everest.B.It wasnt far from Jordans base camp on the Chinese side.C.There were more challenges on the Chinese side.D.There were more lo

16、cal guides on the Chinese side.7.We can learn from the passage that Romero _.A.is the first teenager to conquer Mr.Everest B.climbed Mr.Everest without the help of local guides C.still has two peaks to conquer in order to hit his goal D.is supported by his father C Some people think if you are happy

17、,you are blind to reality.But when we research it,happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain.How did we miss this?Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happi-ness?Because we assumed you were average.When we study people,scientists are often in

18、terested in what the average is.Many people think happiness is genetic.Thats only half the story,because the average person does not fight their genes.When we stop studying the average and begin researching positive outliers-people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelli

19、gence-a wildly different picture appears.Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and success.Scientifically,happiness is a choice.It is a choice about where your single proces-sor brain will devote its limited resources as you process the world.If you scan

20、 for the negative first,your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded（嵌入）in your work.But if you scan the world for the positive,you start to acquire an amazing advantage.I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on

21、“Happi-ness Leads to Profits.”Based on my article called“Positive Intelligence”and my research in The Happiness Advantage,I summarized our researched conclusion:the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.A decade of research in the business world proves that ha

22、ppiness raises nearly every business and educational outcome:increasing sales by 37%,productivity by 31%,and accuracy on tasks by 19%,as well as a number of health and quality-of-life im-provements.8.The underlined word“this”in the first paragraph refers to _.A.the fact that people are happy B.the c

23、onnection between happiness and educational outcome C.the fact that people often misunderstand happiness D.the fact that most people are average 9.What can we learn from the passage?A.Scientists are only interested in what the average is.B.You can choose to be happy or not.C.The average are not happ

24、y at all.D.Our decisions and habits have nothing to do with happiness.10.Why does the writer mention his articles and research?A.To advertise himself.B.To arouse the readers interest.C.To support his point about happiness.D.To attract the readers to read his articles.11.What is the authors purpose o

25、f writing this article?A.To describe the misunderstandings about happiness.B.To show people the importance of happiness.C.To make the point of what business and educational outcome lies in.D.To make the point that happiness promotes business and educational outcome.D Have you ever yelled at your com

26、puter because it wasnt working?Your computer couldnt yell”back-until now.AI researchers are now working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates with humans.IBM scientists published a paper in Nature on March 17 about their new AI system-Project Debater.It can debate with people inde

27、pendently in front of live audiences.After listening to arguments from its opponent（对手）,the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes.It looks for ideas that can support its own argument.Testing on the system began in 2019 when it debated with Harish Natarajan,a

28、professional debater who holds the world record for most debate competition victories.The debate topic was whether or not preschool should be subsidized（给.补助）,and the AI system argued in favor of this idea.Although the AI lost the debate in the end based on the audience vote,the audience said it did

29、 very well.Interestingly,58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic,while only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan.Also,Project Debater has shown strength at making impressive and logical opening statements in the debate,ac-cording to Scientif

30、ic American.After competing with various human debaters,the AI systems overall perfor-mance remains inferior（逊色 的）,“fully capable of sounding awkward during an argument,noted Scientific American.In other words,the back-and-forth arguments in the AI systems debates dont sound like a real human conver

31、sation.“On stage,Project Debater is far from perfect,and its missteps（过失）reveal just how difficult and how human argumentation and debate are,said computer scientist Chris Reed of the University of Dundee in the UK.Humans and technology have been facing off for decades.In 1997,IBMs Deep Blue became

32、the first computer to defeat a reigning（卫冕的）chess champion,best-ing titan（巨人）Garry Kasparov in a six-game match.So after two decades,have IBMs researchers just reproduced a“Deep Blue”to debate?Its much more than that,the researchers noted.Argument and debate are fundamental（基本的）capabilities（能力）of hu

33、man intelligence,and its a step outside of AIs comfort zone to enter this realm（领域）,according to the article in Nature.12.How can Project Debater debate with humans?A.By learning from humans.B.By making use of its internal data.C.By listening to researchers instructions.D.By collecting a lot of data

34、 in a short time.13.What did the majority of the audience think about the performance of Project Debater in the testing?A.It made them more aware of the topic.B.Its statements were not logical enough.C.Its overall performance was better than Natarajans.D.Its opening statements were boring.14.What do

35、 paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly talk about?A.The disadvantages of Project Debater.B.Project Debaters competitions with other human debaters.C.The application of the A system in the future.D.Challenges facing the AI system and human debaters.15.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?A.Project Debat

36、er is considered an updated version of Deep Blue.B.Humans have an advantage over AI in debating.C.AI has a long way to go before it can win against humans.D.AI technology hasnt progressed much in the last decades.第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2.5分,满分 12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的 16-20 选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Philadelphi

37、a is a city known for many things.It is where the Declaration of Inde-pendence was signed in 1776,and it was also the first capital of the United States._16_.It is home to nearly 3,000 murals（壁画）painted on the side of homes and buildings around the city.There are more murals than any other city on E

38、arth._17_ More than 20 years ago,a New Jersey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on a few buildings around the city._18_.The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art,and there were other,even more important,benefits.The

39、 young people learned to cooperate and get along with many different kinds of people during the painting.They learned to be responsible,because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed._19_It is hard for anyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a

40、part of Philadelphia.Take a walk around some of the poorest neighborhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beautiful works of art on the side and fronts of buildings.Of course the murals are not just in poor neighborhoods,but richer ones as well.Special buses take tourists to different parts of the

41、 city to see the various murals,which show the diverse ethnic groups that call Philadelphia home._20_.It is also a model for other cities throughout America seeking to help troubled youth.A.How did this come to be?B.What happened to the murals on Earth?C.They also learned to take pride in their comm

42、unity.D.But one fact about Philadelphia is not so well-known.E.From this small project,something magical happened.F.The program encouraged troubled youth to paint together with their teachers.G.As a result of its success,the murals program has now become the nations largest public art program.第二部分 语

43、言知识及应用（共两节,满分 30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1 分,满分 15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后21-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I often imagined discussing school choices with my son.However,I didnt expect to be having such a _21_with him at his thirteen years of age.Earlier this year,he_22 _his wish to go to one of

44、the biggest public_23_in our small city,because several of his long-time friends were also going.I fought back the thought to _24 _my eyes.I told him that if he went to this school,he would be going from a class in the_25_of 18 to being one of several hundred in the freshman class.He wouldnt be able

45、 to receive the_26_attention of his teachers any more.He would have to do homework at night.He didnt change his mind,however,so I made a deal with him.He would need to_27_a list of reasons and then we would sit down and have a talk.Later that night,as_28_,we had a discussion.He gave his argument wit

46、h a list of strong reasons.First,he explained that he would have more_29_in courses and after-school activities._30_,attending this school would better prepare him for college because he would_31_what it was like on a big campus.He added that he would learn to_32_his time.He also promised that he wo

47、uld make use of the drop-in tutoring the school offered if he ran into trouble.I sat back and listened,touched by the thought and research he had prepared._33_,I could have put my foot down and said“no”,or“just wait another year”,but I would have been doing that for me,not for him.At last,we let our

48、 son have the_34_say on choosing a high school.I knew if my kid put the same_35_as he did in persuading us,he would be perfectly fine in high school.21.A.competition B.quarrel C.disagreement D.conversation 22.A.realized B.admitted C.expressed D.communi-cated 23.A.schools B.hospitals C.countries D.li

49、braries 24.A.roll B.close C.raise D.focus 25.A.number B.size C.content D.container 26.A.extreme B.regular C.special D.equal 27.A.come up with B.keep up with C.put up with D.end up with 28.A.imagined B.expected C.reminded D.promised 29.A.interests B.choices C.rules D.preparations 30.A.Instead B.Besid

50、es C.Therefore D.However 31.A.remember B.prove C.discover D.learn 32.A.save B.spare C.manage D.devote 33.A.Luckily B.Honestly C.Generally D.Briefly 34.A.correct B.usual C.common D.final 35.A.responsibility B.reason C.effort D.patience 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分）阅读下面短文,在 36-45空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内