2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测（一）英语试题含答案.pdf

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1、第 1页/共 9页20222023 学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一一)英语英语2022.12本试卷共本试卷共 8 页 满分页 满分 120 分。考试用时分。考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：分钟。注意事项：1 答卷前答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时再选涂其他答案标

2、号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。因不考听力写在本试卷上无效。因不考听力,试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“试题序号从“21”开始。第二部分 阅读”开始。第二部分 阅读(共两节共两节,满分满分 50 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题：每小题小题：每小题 2.5 分分,满分满分 37.5 分分)阅读下列短文阅读下列短文,从每题所给的从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotal Solar Eclipse 2023AustraliaOne of natures most

3、remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)will take place on the western edge ofAustralia on April 20th,2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event:on a cruise(航游)atsea.There have been only five total solar eclipses in Australia over the past century and this is the first hy

4、brideclipse in more than 1000 years.Unlike other cruises for this event,ours has the well-known astronomer AbigailBeall to accompany you.You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures andstargazing on land and at sea.Abigail will be on hand throughout,giving lectures

5、on the history and science ofeclipses,the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing.Plus,there will be additional talks from theAstronomical Society ofAustralia.Click here for detailed arrangementsof the tour.Single occupancyPer guest based

6、on two people sharingInterior cabin2,4291,699Oceanview cabin3,2292,199If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room,please ask for a quote.Alongside the cruise,you can also explore some ofAustralias best scientific and natural phenomena with aseries of tailored add-on tours covering astrono

7、my on the east coast and visits to Uluru,Sydney,the Great BarrierReef and much more.On the last day of the tour,we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home,or you can join one of our add-on tours.Click here for full details about add-on tours.第 2页/共 9页1.What makes the cruise dif

8、ferent from others?A.Aspecialists guidance.B.Atalk with astronomers.C.Achance for stargazingD.Ameeting with astronauts.2.How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Oceanview cabin?A.3,229.B.2,199.C.6,458D.4,398.3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To celebrate a historic event.B.To advertise a spec

9、ial cruise.C.To introduce a travel agency.D.To explain a natural phenomenon.BDevezas mother was on the waiting list for a kidney transplant(肾移植).Deveza wanted to donate one of herown kidneysbut she was turned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in laterlife.Deveza c

10、ame up with a different plan.In 2017,she started the worlds first paired exchange of different organsbetween living donors,exchanging half her liver(肝)for someone elses kidney.Acase study of the organ exchangehas now been published,and the surgeons who were involved are calling for more exchanges li

11、ke this.“You canimagine the enormous impact for mixed organ extended chains,”says John Roberts,a surgeon at University ofCalifornia,San Francisco.Most organ transplants come from people who have died,but there are never enough organs.As most peoplecan manage with just one of their kidneys,people wit

12、h kidney failure are increasingly receiving donated organsfrom relatives or friends.If someone wants to donate but their immune(免疫的)system is unsuited,doctors may beable to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the others relative.When Deveza was looking into such chains,she ca

13、me across research describing the idea of trading a kidneywith the only other organ generally taken from a living donorthe liver.She suggested the idea to many hospitalsbefore she finally contacted Roberts,who saw the ideas potential.Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of

14、her liver.It then took 18 months to findAnnie Simmons,in Idaho,whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease.They drew up a plan:Simmons would donate a kidney to Devezas mother,and in return,Deveza would give halfher liver to Simmonssister.The hospital ga

15、ve the go-ahead and the four operations took place on the same daysuccessfully.The team hope that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doing the same.Robertssays that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants ayeara

16、ten percent increase.4.What did Deveza do to save her mother?第 3页/共 9页A.Carrying out a case study.B.Calling for kidney donations.C.Launching a medical experiment.D.Trading half her liver for a kidney.5.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A.Patientsdesperation to survive.B.Several sources of orga

17、n donation.C.Current situation of organ transplants.D.Doctorsefforts to improve organ transplants.6.What can be inferred about the organ exchange between Deveza and Simmons?A.It discouraged organ donation.B.It brought two families together.C.It met with widespread approval.D.It produced a desirable

18、outcome.7.What is the best title for the text?A.My Liver,Your KidneyB.Mothers Love,Our HappinessC.Organ Transplant:Blessing for PatientsD.Organ Exchange:Major Medical AdvancesCIts no secret now that the more time we spend on social media,the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves.We tend to compar

19、e ourselves to influences and celebrities-so its easy to understand how that can affect ourconfidence.But,how often have you found yourself comparing your life to your friends?Engaging with social mediashared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities,new resea

20、rch has found.The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement wassignificantly associated with lower“appearance satisfaction”.Additionally,it found that engaging with contentposted by people the participants knew was more than twice as damaging as look

21、ing at content posted by strangers,including celebrities.Viren Swami,Professor of Social Psychology atAnglia Ruskin University,believes this is partly because weknow its hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences,but when were comparing ourselves to our friends,itfeels like we should-or c

22、ould-live the way they do.“One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being much moreattainable if it comes from someone they know,adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post,”he said.“At the same time,people may be more critically engaged

23、 with posts by the likes of models andcelebrities,and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrealistic.“This is not just confined to body image though.We all have one area in our lives that triggers(触 发)us.第 4页/共 9页Maybe youve been searching for a new job for months and you find yours

24、elf on social media,envying your schoolfriend who just landed their dream role.Maybe.All this is to say the obvious:we only see part of peoples lives-and if its getting you down,youre probablycomparing your insides to other peoples outsides.Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect

25、 foranyone.So,put down your phone,get offline,be thankful and try to live your own life.8.What did the new study find?A.Social media invites unfavorable comments.B.Friendsposts affect us more than celebrities.C.Celebrities have a negative influence on our life.D.Body image causes more concern than s

26、ocial life.9.Why are we more likely to compare with our friends according to Swami?A.They serve as role models.B.We know the way they live.,C.Their lifestyles are accessible.D.We are curious about their life.10.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A.Restricted.B.Related.C.Devot

27、ed.D.Exposed.11.What does the author suggest people do?A.Find your dream and fight for it.B.Stop comparing and be yourself.C.Be grateful and lead a perfect life.D.Stop complaining and get down to work.DGiven that the dictionary definition of curiosity is“the desire to know something”,it may be of li

28、ttle surprisethat much research has concerned its benefits for education.Consider a study at the University of California at Davis in 2014.The researchers first asked each participantto rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions,such as“What does the term dinosauractual

29、ly mean?”The participants then lay in an fMRI brain scanner(扫描仪)while the same questions werepresented,followed shortly after by the answers.The participants were then tested on their recollection of the factsan hour later.The effects of curiosity on later recall were striking.When the participants

30、were highly curious about a fact,they were 30%more likely to recall it.And this seemed to correspond to heightened activity in areas of themidbrain that release dopamine(多巴胺).Dopamine is normally associated with reward,but animal studies suggestthat it can also enhance the formation of new neural(神经

31、的)connections.It looked as if the feeling of curiosity第 5页/共 9页was helping prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information,and this then resulted in a more stablememory.Interestingly,the researchers found that the dopamine hit,arising from initial curiosity,could even enhance thememory

32、 of incidental information that had no direct relevance to the primary question.To demonstrate this,theyhad presented random faces alongside the answers to the questions and,an hour later,checked whether theparticipants still recognized the faces.The analyses showed that the participants were far mo

33、re likely to rememberthe face if it had accompanied a question that had awakened their curiosity.This additional,and unexpected,memory boost could be extremely useful whenever were trying to learnsomething new and complicated.Were unlikely,after all,to find every single element of our studies intere

34、sting.But if we can develop some curiosity about at least some of the facts,we may find that the rest of the material alsosticks far more easily.12.Which aspect of curiosity did the study focus on?A.Its scientific definition.B.Its unique characteristics.C.Its influences on memory.D.Its benefits for

35、brain health.13.What was the purpose of presenting questions to the participants first?A.To assess their learning ability.B.To awaken their passion for learning.C.To measure their curiosity about the questions.D.To refresh their memory of extinct wild animals.14.What can be learned about dopamine ac

36、cording to Paragraph 3?A.It blocks memory.B.It facilitates learning.C.It promotes friendship.D.It cures neural disorder.15.Which message about learning does the unexpected finding deliver?A.Generate interest in study.B.Locus on essential information.C.Make learning materials related.D.Attach importa

37、nce to memorization.第二节第二节(共共 5 小题：每小题小题：每小题 2.5 分分,满分满分 12.5 分分)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Camping Tips&Tricks for a Fun TripMany people idealize camping trips as being this easy,effortless encounter with destinations rich with naturallandscap

38、es and nights under the stars twinkling in the sky above._16_ Thats why weve prepared the bestcamping tips for you!第 6页/共 9页Plan accordingly,and then plan again.When youre out in the middle of nowhere,you have to be equippedto natures challenges._17_ Therefore,a plan for unexpected weather changes i

39、s essential to a successfulcamping trip.For example,consider packing extra suppliers like blankets.While that might seem like a hugeinconvenience,the biggest and real issue occurs when you need something you dont have.Know what you need._18_ Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-the-line,lat

40、est supplies.Butyou should have at least the basics!That includes a decent tent with enough room for people camping with you,agood sleeping bag appropriate for the season,and other supplies like food and water.Youd better create aconvenient checklist that lays out everything that you should consider

41、._19_ When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center,police stations,and emergency rooms,you should always remember that safety is your first priority!_20_Afirst aid kit is a great starting point,but its certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts

42、.Depending onwhere you plan to camp,youll want to grab these items that cover you in most emergency situations:a pocketknife,a fire starter,and a safety whistle.Ready to go camping?Now you know what to expect and how to prepare for your next camping trip,so youactually have funrain or shine!A.Always

43、 choose a safe campsite.B.Never leave home without safety in mind.C.We encourage you to create a safety supply kit.D.Camping doesnt have to be complicated or expensive.E.Aclear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain.F.To maximize your comfort,always bring appropriate clothes for co

44、ld and rain.G.But for beginner campers,those expectations can rapidly turn into a mess of reality.第三部分 语言运用第三部分 语言运用(共两节共两节,满分满分 30 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1 分分,满分满分 15 分分)阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,从每题所给的从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growing up,my parents never forced me and my broth

45、er out of our house in Hounslow,but we werent_21_ to live there forever.My family always had a special _22_ for me.Our parents encouraged us to spend time together:mealswere eaten as a family and TV viewing was _23_.When I went to university at 18,I knew my messystudent apartments were _24_-my real

46、home was back in Hounslow and I was _25_ that I couldreturn whenever I wanted to.When I was 19,my mum passed away.In the following months,I would come back _26_ checking inon my dad and _27_ him to go shopping and start cooking proper meals.Three years later,I was_28_ and I moved back.As I looked fo

47、r work,I would _29_ the meals were eaten together._30_,two sad men living in a house are less of a family.My dad wanted me to get on and live mylife rather than stay trapped in our sorrow.Eventually,in 2018,I got a _31_.It was time for me to gain_32_,and I packed up and left.Next year will be 10 yea

48、rs since my mum died.Our family home is _33_.My mums pictures have第 7页/共 9页been replaced with new photographs;her clothes and scent are gone.But,I am _34_ that things havebecome different.Ive realized that the home my mum created isnt just a(n)_35_-it is something sheinstilled(灌输)in us.21.A.encourag

49、edB.remindedC.allowedD.persuaded22.A.planB.pullC.requestD.pressure23.A.guaranteedB.sharedC.favoredD.scheduled24.A.inconvenientB.disturbingC.ordinaryD.temporary25.A.concernedB.convincedC.gratefulD.hopeful26.A.secretlyB.hesitantlyC.regularlyD.randomly27.A.urgingB.instructingC.invitingD.forcing28.A.out

50、 of touchB.out of workC.in debtD.in pain29.A.pretendB.findC.believeD.ensure30.A.UnusuallyB.UnbelievablyC.UnfortunatelyD.Unexpectedly31.A.giftB.jobC.hobbyD.vacation32.A.experienceB.comfortC.confidenceD.independence33.A.disappearingB.strugglingC.enlargingD.changing34.A.shockedB.confusedC.gladD.nervous