大学四级英语考试写作指导.ppt

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1、真题作文模板真题作文模板第第1节节 观点类模板观点类模板 观点类作文是命题作文中最常见的类型，其中又包含四个子类，即观点子类、利弊子类、提问子类与选择子类。1.观点子类模板观点子类模板（对立观点）Different people have different views on _.Some people think that _,while others argue that _.(提出两种人的观点，需要起始句。）As far as I am concerned,I agree with the _ opinion.For one thing,I firmly believe _.For an

2、other,_.Just think of _,who _.（明确表示自己同意某个观点。态度需斩钉截铁。）Taking all these factors into considerations,we may safely come to the conclusion that _.Only if _ can we _,just as the saying goes,_.（下结论。）My View on Opportunity1.有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会。2.你的看法如何？写出你的观点说明你的理由并且适当举例。3.在你的文章结尾处不要忘记写出你的结论。Diffe

3、rent people have different views on opportunity.Some people think that there are few opportunities in the world,while others argue that everybody will have some kind of opportunity along his life route.As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion.For one thing,I firmly believe opportunit

4、ies are everywhere around us.No person will be unlucky enough to have no opportunities all the time,because“every dog has its day”.For another,since opportunities are transient,we have to make good preparations and improve ourselves.Just think of Newton,who discovered the Law of Gravity when many pe

5、ople had watched an apple falling ahead of him.Taking all these factors into considerations,we may safely come to the conclusion that there are quite a few opportunities in our society.Only if we get prepared can we seize the opportunities instead of letting them slip by,just as the saying goes,“Opp

6、ortunities are only for the prepared minds.”My View on Opportunity Different people have different views on 机会.Some people think that 世界上很少有机会,while others argue that 每个人在他的一生当中 都会拥有某种机会。As far as I am concerned,I agree with the 后一种opinion.For one thing,I firmly believe 机遇就在我们身边的每一处.没有人会不幸到一直没有机会,因为

7、“人人都有得意日”。For another,因为机会是转瞬即逝的,我们必须做好充足的准备并提高自己.Just think of 牛顿,who在别人看着苹果从面前掉落的时候，发现了万有引力定律。Taking all these factors into considerations,we may safely come to the conclusion that 在我们的社会里很少存在机会.Only if 做好准备，can we 抓住机遇，而不是让他们溜走,just as the saying goes,“机遇只垂青于有准备的人。”观点子类模板（事物性质）The past decade wit

8、nessed the process of _.On the whole,this strategic shift is beneficial in many respects.(引入某一现象。第二句为过渡句，引起下段。）First and foremost,_.In the second place,_.Third,_.Last but not least,_.（分四个方面论述。重要性递减，连接词与之配合。）Consequently,we can see clearly that _.（下结论。第二句补充说明。）练一练：练一练：My View on Universities Moving S

9、uburbs 1.近年来许多大学生迁往郊区 2.我对这一现象的看法My View on Universities Moving Suburbs 1.近年来许多大学生迁往郊区 2.我对这一现象的看法 The past decade witnessed the process of many universities moving out of the downtown area and into the suburbs.On the whole,this strategic shift is beneficial in many respects.First and foremost,the m

10、oving period is the critical period for development and expansion.With the support of the municipal government,the university can build more buildings,enroll more teachers and buy more equipment to keep pace with the times and meet the needs of enrollment expansions.In the second place,both teachers

11、 and students will be in a better mood to learn lessons and do researches together when they are far from the noises and the temptation of the city.Third,although some teachers may take longer time to go to work,it will not be a serious problem any longer with the development of public transportatio

12、n system.Last but not least,as for the historic university buildings,we can continue to protect them and make good use of them.In fact,many universities will only have branches in the suburb,and the main body will stay there unchanged.Consequently,we can see clearly that moving to suburbs is benefic

13、ial to a universitys development.It is also good to both teachers and students who want to make greater progress in their specialized fields.My View on Universities Moving Suburbs The past decade witnessed the process of 许多大学从城镇搬到了郊区.On the whole,this strategic shift is beneficial in many respects.F

14、irst and foremost,这个转变时期对于大学的发展和扩建是关键的时期.在市政府的支持下，大学能够建起更多的建筑，吸纳更多教师，购置更多与时俱进的设备，更加迎合招生扩建的需要。In the second place,当远离城市的喧闹与烦嚣的时候，老师和同学们都将在一个更好的心情下去进行教与学和研究工作.Third,尽管一些老师可能去上班会花费更长的时间，但是随着公共交通的发展，它将不会是一个严峻的问题.Last but not least,至于有着历史意义的大学建筑物，我们将会继续保护和利用它们。事实上，许多大学将只会在郊区建分校，它们的本部仍将保持不变.Consequently,w

15、e can see clearly that 迁往郊区对于一所大学的发展是有好处的.而且也利于想在他们的专业领域内的老师和学生们取得更大的进展.观点子类模板（混合模板：观点+办法）Nowadays every one of us may come across _ now and then.These _ are most harmful to the whole society.(引入某种有害事物。）In my opinion,their harmfulness can be summarized in the following three respects.In the first pl

16、ace,_.In the second place,_.Last but not least,_.（分三方面说明其危害。第一句为主题句。）In my mind,the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to _.On the one hand,the government should _.On the other hand,common citizens _.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do

17、 away with_.（说明自己的态度。因前面已说明危害，这里的态度就是做法。本段为总分总结构。）练一练：My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements 1.现在有些不良的商业广告 2.这些广告的副作用和危害性 3.我对这些广告的态度My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements 1.现在有些不良的商业广告 2.这些广告的副作用和危害性 3.我对这些广告的态度 Nowadays every one of us may come across some false adv

18、ertisements now and then.These advertisements are most harmful to the whole society.In my opinion,their harmfulness can be summarized in the following three respects.In the first place,some advertisements make up the functions of their products,and many consumers are cheated.In the second place,many

19、 such ads depict ideal life as luxurious,which have a negative influence on young people.Last but not least,in order to catch the attention of customers,some ads design language tricks,which often lead to language pollution.In my mind,the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end t

20、o these false advertisements.On the one hand,the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again.On the other hand,common citizens should such harmful advertisements as soon as possible.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do a

21、way with false advertisements.My View on the Negative Effects of Some AdvertisementsNowadays every one of us may come across一些虚假广告 now and then.These 广告are most harmful to the whole society.In my opinion,their harmfulness can be summarized in the following three respects.In the first place,一些广告捏造产品功

22、能，因此很多消费者上当受骗.In the second place,许多像描述奢侈的理想生活这样的广告,对年轻人有着很大的负面影响.Last but not least,为了抓住顾客的注意力，一些广告设计语言技巧,这常常导致语言的污染.In my mind,the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to 这些虚假广告.On the one hand,the government should严厉惩罚广告商以免他们再次伤害消费者的利益.On the other hand,common citizens 应该尽早

23、认清这些有害的广告.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away with 虚假广告.词汇词汇PK台台 高分闪光词 黯然低分词认为，主张 argue,maintain,hold,believe 考虑 take into consideration,consider,ponder,meditate,contemplate,think over,reflect on/upon认为，思考，考虑think下结论，断定 come to the conclusion,arrive at th

24、e conclusion,draw the conclusion,conclude,decide,assert,wind up断定 judge获得 acquire,obtain,attain,reap赢得,取得 earn,gain,procure得到 get支持，赞成 approve of,in favor of,uphold,stand by ones side,agree with give ones assent提倡 advocate,recommend支持 support反对 oppose,object to 抵制 resist反对say no to意义深远的，重大的 far-reac

25、hing,profound,significant,eventful重要的，有决定性的 vital,crucial,decisive重要的important充分运用 optimize,make best use of,make full use of使用 employ,utilize应用 apply使用 use后来，然后 afterwards,later,later on,after that然后then高兴的，心情好的 be in a good mood,happy,cheerful,joyful,joyous,pleased,delighted高兴的glad当前，目前 nowadays,a

26、t present,currently,presently现在 now表达 voice,convey,express,deliver,communicate描绘，描述，描写 depict,describe,picture说 say告诉 tell利弊子类模板（混合类：观点+办法）Recently more and more people begin to _.They argue that _ bring several advantages.First,_.Second,_.（引入某一现象。先说两点优点，为反面观点做铺垫）_ also bring many problems.Firstly,_

27、.Secondly,_.Finally,_.（从三方面说明“问题”，为其后选择观点埋下伏笔）From what has discussed above,we can see clearly that the disadvantages are more obvious._.（下结论：弊大于利。从两方面采取措施。）练一练：Advantages and Disadvantages of Keeping pets1.养宠物的好处 2.养宠物带来的问题 3.结论Advantages and Disadvantages of Keeping pets1.养宠物的好处 2.养宠物带来的问题 3.结论 Re

28、cently more and more people begin to keep pets.They argue that keeping pets bring several advantages.First,a pet is a good companion,especially to old and lonely people.Second,a pet in the family can always bring amusement and entertainment.Getting on well with pets could make a person more careful,

29、considerate and responsible.Keeping pets also bring many problems.Firstly,we have heard too many instances of pets such as dogs and cats injuring people.Once bitten,the victim should receive treatment as soon as possible.Pets may also spread disease because they cannot be always clean.Secondly,pets

30、should not be allowed in many public places lest they pollute the environment.Finally,many pets are too expensive to keep.We must be surprised to know how much it costs to buy and keep a rare dog.From what has discussed above,we can see clearly that the disadvantages are more obvious.The government

31、should control the total number of pets,and the owner should take care of his pets lest it pollute the environment and spread diseases or even attack people.Advantages and Disadvantages of Keeping pets Recently more and more people begin to 养宠物.They argue that keeping pets bring several advantages.F

32、irst,宠物是很好的伴侣，特别是对于老年人和孤独的人来讲.Second,宠物在家庭里总是能够带来娱乐消遣.与宠物交流能够使一个人变得更加细心，体贴和有责任感.养宠物 also bring many problems.Firstly,我们听说过很多像狗、猫这些宠物伤害人的事例.一旦被咬了，受伤者应该及早得到治疗.宠物也有可能传染疾病，因为它们无法总是保持清洁.Secondly,在众多的公共场合宠物应该不允许进入，以免污染环境.Finally,有很多宠物的饲养是很昂贵的.购买和饲养一只珍贵的狗所花的费用令人咋舌.From what has discussed above,we can see c

33、learly that the disadvantages are more obvious.政府应该控制宠物的总数，还有饲养者应当照料好他的宠物以免破坏环境，传播疾病甚至攻击人类.利弊子类模板（混合类：利弊+个体）Everything has a good side and a bad side,and _ are no exceptions.Generally speaking,the positive aspects can be listed as follows.To begin with,_.In the second place,_.Most important of all,_

34、.（某种做法的好处。）However,as every coin has two sides,the negative aspects are also obvious.For one thing,_.For another,_.Most important of all,_.（某种做法的危害。）As for me,_.First,_.Second,_.Whats more,_.（分三方面谈个人的感受。）练一练：Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports1.体育运动的好处 2.体育运动可能带来的副作用 3.我参加体育运动的体会Positive and Neg

35、ative Aspects of Sports1.体育运动的好处 2.体育运动可能带来的副作用 3.我参加体育运动的体会 Everything has a good side and a bad side,and sports are no exceptions.Generally speaking,the positive aspects can be listed as follows.To begin with,people will have a healthy body and a sober mind if they take part in sports regularly.In

36、 the second place,we can also learn cooperation while making good friends.Most important of all,sports will teacher us good qualities such as courage,determination and perseverance.However,as every coin has two sides,the negative aspects are also obvious.For one thing,too many sports will make us fe

37、el exhausted.For another,old people and children should be most careful to choose proper sports.Most important of all,some sports are dangerous in nature such as boxing,surfing,and mountaineering.Consequently amateurs should receive guidance and company if they want to have a try.As for me,I am a sp

38、orts lover and my favorite sport is winter swimming.First,I become stronger and stronger both in body and in mind.Second,I make friends with a lot of teachers and schoolmates.Whats more,I become confident in myselfI will never give up in front of difficulty.Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports Ev

39、erything has a good side and a bad side,and 运动are no exceptions.Generally speaking,the positive aspects can be listed as follows.To begin with,如果人们定期有规律地参加体育运动，就能够拥有健康的身体和清醒的头脑.In the second place,我们在交朋友的同时也能学会合作.Most important of all,运动能授予我们良好的品质，如勇气，决心与毅力.However,as every coin has two sides,the ne

40、gative aspects are also obvious.For one thing,过度运动会让人疲惫不堪.For another,老年人与儿童在选择合适的运动项目时应该更加细心.Most important of all,有些运动是危险的性质,如拳击、冲浪、登山.因此，如果业余爱好者想试一试的话，应该接受指导和陪伴.As for me,我是一个 运动爱好者，我最喜爱的运动时冬泳.First,我在身心上都越来越强壮.Second,我和很多老师、校友交上了朋友.Whats more,我变得更加自信在困难面前永不放弃.利弊子类模板（事物性质）In recently years,_.Like

41、 anything else,it also has both advantages and disadvantages.（概括论题。）To begin with,_.In addition,_.Finally,_.（某种事物的优点。）Apart from its advantages,the disadvantages are also obvious.First of all,_.Moreover,_.（负面影响。）Up until now we can draw the conclusion that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.W

42、e have every reason to believe that _will embrace its bright future during the next decade.（下结论：利大于弊，并对未来作展望。）练一练：Motorcycles and City Traffic1.近年来中国城市中的摩托车 2.摩托车的优点和缺点 3.你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法Motorcycles and City Traffic1.近年来中国城市中的摩托车 2.摩托车的优点和缺点 3.你对我国城市中摩托车发展前景的看法 In recently years,motorcycles have de

43、veloped very quickly in cities all over our country.Like anything else,it also has both advantages and disadvantages.To begin with,motorcycles are much cheaper but as fast when compared with cars.In addition,motorcycles are much more convenient when traffic congestion arises.Finally,they take up ver

44、y limited parking space.Apart from its advantages,the disadvantages are also obvious.First of all,it is much more dangerous to ride a motorcycle,which is small on the one hand and runs at a high speed on the other hand.Moreover,the tail gas given off by motorcycles will also lead to environment poll

45、ution.Up until now we can draw the conclusion that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.We have every reason to believe that the motorcycle will embrace its bright future during the next decade.Motorcycles and City Traffic In recently years,摩托车在我国城市中发展得非常迅速.Like anything else,it also has both a

46、dvantages and disadvantages.To begin with,与汽车相比，摩托车速度一样快，但价格却便宜得多了.In addition,交通堵塞问题出现时，摩托车就显得更加便捷了.Finally,摩托车的停放占用的空间很小.Apart from its advantages,the disadvantages are also obvious.First of all,骑摩托车危险性更高，一方面车身小，另一方面驾驶速度快.Moreover,摩托车的尾气排放同样也会导致环境问题.Up until now we can draw the conclusion that the

47、 advantages outweigh the disadvantages.We have every reason to believe that 摩托车 will embrace its bright future during the next decade.词汇词汇PK台台 高分闪光词 黯然低分词勤奋的，勤勉的 diligent,studious,industrious勤奋的 hardworking认真的，谨慎的 conscientious,cautious认真的 careful,serious冷静的，清醒的 sober,reasonable,sensible,rational 平静

48、的 calm聪明的，有才智的 intelligent,bright,wise,brilliant聪明的 clever疲惫不堪的 exhausted,fatigued,run-down,worn-out,weary累的 tired适应 be adapted to,be accustomed to,be adjusted to适应 be used to阻碍，阻止 hinder,curb,hamper,restrain,prevent,ward off,avoid阻止 stop好处，优点 advantage,merit,benefit坏处，缺点 disadvantages,defect,flaw,d

49、rawback,deficiency好处 good side坏处 bad side参加 participate in,attend,take part in,go in for,engage in参加 join,enter集中精力于 focus on,center on,concentrate on专心于 set ones mind on 注意 pay one attention to抽出时间做 set aside,put aside,spare花时间做 spend依赖，依靠 rely on,lean on依赖，依靠 depend on提问子类模板（事物性质）_is such a common

50、 matter that every one of us may meet it from time to time.（提出观点。）People hold different views towards_.Some people _.Other people view _as_.（说明两种不同的看法。分总结构。）Personally,I agree with the second group of people._once said,_.Few persons can_,and _can _.From now on I will _.On the contrary,I will_,becaus