中考英语复习阅读理解解题技巧点拨.pptx

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1、一、先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。第1页/共38页三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What(事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代

2、词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3注意领会文章的寓意。第2页/共38页4根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的

3、前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。第3页/共38页综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中

4、用排除法得出正确答案。第4页/共38页四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。第5页/共38页典型例题分析根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。MrBrownfirstwenttolookattheunderground-firewhenhewasseven.Throughthehole（洞）intheearthyoucouldseetheorangefire,butyouhadtolookfastbecauseitwasso

5、hot,saidMrBrown.In1898,hesawthefireoncemore（再一次）.Now,wecanonlyseethesmoke.ThefireMrBrownsawisnottheunderground-fire.Infact,thereare260coal（煤）firesintheworld.Theyareharmful（有害）anddangerous.Thenhowtoputthemout?Scientistshavetriedtoset（放置）firetoundergroundcoaltospeedup（加速）thefires.Inthisway,theburning（

6、燃烧）ofundergroundcoalwouldbesoonfinished.（被烧完）。第6页/共38页1.MrBrownfirstsawtheunderground-fire_.A.attheageofsevenB.sevenyearsoldC.intheyearof1898D.morethan（超过）80yearsago2.MrBrownsaidthatwehadtotakeafastlookatthefirebecause_.A.itwasintheholeB.itwasveryhotC.itwasorangeD.itwasharmful3.Howmanycoalfiresareth

7、ereintheworld?A.Theresonlyone.B.Itshardtosay.C.Thereare260.D.Thearticle（文章）doesnttellus.A ABC第7页/共38页4.Whatsoneofthebestwaystoputout（扑灭）theundergroundfire?A.Tocover（覆盖）theholeswithstones（石块）.B.Tospeedupthefires.C.Toseethefiresburning.D.Todosomeexperiments（试验）.5.Whatisthebesttitle（标题）forthearticle?A.

8、WatchingtheUnderground-Fire.B.AWaytoPutOuttheCoalFires.C.TheBurningEarth.D.CoalandCoalFires.BB第8页/共38页分析1.在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。attheageofseven等于whenhewasseven，故正确答案为A。2这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为B。3这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为C。4在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答案为B。5完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。文章

9、从MrBrown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为B。第9页/共38页第10页/共38页一、根据文章内容判断正误Fredtelephonedhiswife.“Ivegottwofreeticketsforthetheatretonight,”hetoldher.“Meetmeoutsidetheoffice.Wellhavesomethingtoeatandthengoontothetheatre.”Fredswifewasverypleased.Theyhadntbeentothetheat

10、reforalongtime.Shemetherhusbandashetoldher.Theyhaddinnerandgottothetheatrejustintime.AttheentranceFredtookouthiswallettogetthetickets.“Itsverystrange,”hesaid.“Theyarenthere!”“Tryyourpockets,”saidhiswife.Buttheticketswerentthere,either.ThenFredlookedveryembarrassed(尴尬).“Whatsthematter?”askedhiswife.“

11、Well,”Fredsaid,“IrememberwhatI didwithmytickets.Iputtheminmybag.ButbecauseIwasntgoinghome,Ileftitintheoffice!”第11页/共38页()1.Oneday,Fredwasgiventheticketsforthetheatre.()2.Fredandhiswifewenttothetheatrequiteoften.()3.Fredwantedtomeethiswifeinarestaurant.()4.Theyreachedthetheatreneitherlatenorearly.()5

12、.ThenFredcouldntfindhisticketsandrememberedwhathehaddonewiththetickets.1 1、T T 因为第一段中提到Fred told his wife Fred told his wife “Ive got two free tickets”“free”“Ive got two free tickets”“free”此处是免费的意思。2 2、F F 第二段中提到“They hadnt been to the theaterThey hadnt been to the theater for a long time.”for a lon

13、g time.”3 3、F F 第一段中FredFred说“Meet me outside the office.”Meet me outside the office.”4 4、T T 第二段中“in time”in time”是及时的意思。5T 5T 结尾处提到的。第12页/共38页DavidMcConnellsoldbooksfromdoortodoor.Housewives(家庭主妇)werenotinterestedinthebooks.Usuallybeforehehadenoughtimetosayanythingabouthisbooks,thewomenclosedtheir

14、doors.Buthedidntgiveup.McConnelldecidedtobringeachofthemapresent,asmallbottleofperfume(香水)madebyhimself.Hesoonfoundthatthewomenlikedtheperfumebetterthanthebooks.Hestoppedsellingbookstosellperfumeinsteadandstartedhisowncompany“Avon”,whichisagreatsuccess.Whenyoudonothing,youlearnnothing.Butwhenyoutry,

15、eventhoughyouarenotsuccessful,youwilllearnwhatdoesntworkandthatputsyouclosertowhatwillwork.Itdoesntmatterhowmanytimesyouarenotsuccessful.Itdoesmatterthatyouwillbesuccessfuloneday.第13页/共38页Edisonwasnotonthewaytosuccessuntilpeopleboughthisfirstinvention.SuccessonceisenoughforEdison.Andthesameforyousuc

16、cessonceisenough.()1.McConnellwassuccessfulasabook-seller.()2.McConnellhopedthosewomenwouldbuyhisbooksifhebroughtthemeachapresent.()3.Ifyoudonothingatall,youwillneverbesuccessful.()4.Edisonwassuccessfulattheverybeginning.()5.Thewriterencouragedustotryasmuchaswecan.F T T F TF T T F T第14页/共38页1 1、F F

17、从第一段“He stopped selling books to He stopped selling books to sell perfume stead.”sell perfume stead.”，可以判断出他在推销书方面并不成功。2 2、T T 第一段第三行提到“McConnell decided McConnell decided to bring each of them a present,”to bring each of them a present,”。3 3、T T 这句是第二段前两句的解释。4 4、F F 最后一段，第一句说明Edison Edison 的发明被人们认可

18、后才走上了成功之路。5 5、T T 第二段中作者提出了自己的观点。第15页/共38页 Sociologists(Sociologists(社会学家),working in western),working in western countries,have found that countries,have found that a large number ofa large number of women wished they had been born men.The women wished they had been born men.The number is said to b

19、e number is said to be as high asas high as 60%in 60%in Germany.Germany.“Women often wish they had the same chances“Women often wish they had the same chances as men have,and think it is still mens as men have,and think it is still mens world,”said Dr James Helen,one of the world,”said Dr James Hele

20、n,one of the sociologists who did the sociologists who did the studystudy.Many men say that they have Many men say that they have moremore duties duties than than women.A man has to make money to support(women.A man has to make money to support(养活)his family and to make the important)his family and

21、to make the important decision,so decision,so it is right for men to be paid it is right for men to be paid moremore.Some are even against their wives.Some are even against their wives working at all.When wives go out to work,working at all.When wives go out to work,they say,the home and children ca

22、nnot bethey say,the home and children cannot be第16页/共38页taken good care of.If women take full-time taken good care of.If women take full-time jobs,they wont jobs,they wont be able tobe able to do what they do what they are are best at doingbest at doing:making a nice home and bringing:making a nice

23、home and bringing up the children.up the children.Some women disagree.They say they want to get Some women disagree.They say they want to get out of their homes and to have freedom(out of their homes and to have freedom(自由)to)to choose choose betweenbetween work work andand home life.Women have home

24、 life.Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances(the right of equal pay and equal chances(平等机会).).Anne Harper has a very good job.She also Anne Harper has a very good job.She also believes in“Womens Liberation(believes in“Womens Liberation(解放).”“).”“I I dont wish I were a mandont wish I wer

25、e a man,”she says,“and I,”she says,“and I dont think many women do.But I do wish dont think many women do.But I do wish people would stop treating(people would stop treating(对待)us like)us like secondclass people.secondclass people.第17页/共38页At work,for example,we usually do the At work,for example,we

26、 usually do the work that men do but get paid less.There work that men do but get paid less.There are still a lot of jobs only to menare still a lot of jobs only to menusually they are the best ones.If you are usually they are the best ones.If you are a man,you have a a man,you have a much bettermuc

27、h better chance of chance of living a wonderful life.How many women living a wonderful life.How many women scientists are thereor engineers?”scientists are thereor engineers?”第18页/共38页()1.many men think_.()1.many men think_.A.women cant do what men can A.women cant do what men can B.men have to work

28、 much harder than women B.men have to work much harder than women C.men can make money more easily than women C.men can make money more easily than women D.womens duty is mainly to do housework at home D.womens duty is mainly to do housework at home1 1、D D 这是一道概括主旨的题，答此题的依据是第三段内容。这段开头两句话说的是重男，那么不言而喻

29、，家务活和教育子女的任务应有妇女承担；另有一些男士则公开反对女士外出工作。可见，不少男士认为妇女的主要职责是在家料理家务。第19页/共38页()2.Some women have different()2.Some women have different ideas,They say that_.ideas,They say that_.A.women need chances to go out of A.women need chances to go out of the home more oftenthe home more oftenB.women want more freed

30、om in B.women want more freedom in deciding the kind of life they wantdeciding the kind of life they wantC.if women are given equal pay,they C.if women are given equal pay,they can do everything instead of mencan do everything instead of menD.women are no longer interested in D.women are no longer i

31、nterested in taking care of their homestaking care of their homes2 2、B B 一些妇女持不同观点，文中第四段反映了他们的意见。这也正是文章的中心思想的写作意图-争取人权平等，妇女自由，男女平等。第20页/共38页()3.Anne Harper didnt wish to be a()3.Anne Harper didnt wish to be a man_.man_.A.because she believed in“Womens A.because she believed in“Womens Liberation”Libe

32、ration”B.but she wished to get the same jobs as menB.but she wished to get the same jobs as menC.because she had got a good job C.because she had got a good job D.but she wished to treated the same as a manD.but she wished to treated the same as a man3 3、D D 安妮.哈珀不希望自己是男士，但她希望社会像对待男士一样对待她。该题是一考查细节的题

33、，答案在最后一段。第21页/共38页()4.Anne Harper thought that_.()4.Anne Harper thought that_.A.women should live a better life than men A.women should live a better life than men B.women should be really liberatedB.women should be really liberatedC.women should be given better jobs than menC.women should be given

34、better jobs than menD.women should live a more wonderful lifeD.women should live a more wonderful life4 4、B B 安妮.哈珀的想法正是作者的意图，如最后一段写到：She also believes in She also believes in“Womens Liberation.”“Womens Liberation.”然后她又列举了许多事实，其立意还是为了说明这一正确论点。第22页/共38页()5.Which of the following is not true()5.Which

35、of the following is not true according to the passage?according to the passage?A.There are more men scientists,engineers A.There are more men scientists,engineers than women ones.than women ones.B.Women are secondclass people,so they B.Women are secondclass people,so they shouldnt live a better life

36、.shouldnt live a better life.C.Women do the same jobs as men,but get paid C.Women do the same jobs as men,but get paid less than men.less than men.D.There are some best Jobs that women have D.There are some best Jobs that women have few chances to take.few chances to take.5 5、B B 选题B B的观点在文中没有出现。文中男

37、士尽管摆出种种理由，但还没有人敢明目张胆地发表歧视妇女的观点，即把妇女作为二等公民，认为妇女不应生活的更美好。第23页/共38页 Have you ever held a toy balloon(Have you ever held a toy balloon(气球)?They are very light.But there are)?They are very light.But there are much bigger balloons.These balloons much bigger balloons.These balloons can fly very high up in

38、the sky.They can fly very high up in the sky.They are are big enough tobig enough to carry people.They carry people.They are called hotare called hot-air balloons.air balloons.To make a hot To make a hot-air balloon go up,air balloon go up,turn on the burnerturn on the burner(燃烧器).That will).That wi

39、ll make the air inside the balloon hotter.make the air inside the balloon hotter.Then the balloon will go up.Then the balloon will go up.To make the balloon go down,turn To make the balloon go down,turn off the burner.The air inside the off the burner.The air inside the balloon will get cooler.Then

40、the balloon will get cooler.Then the balloon will go down.balloon will go down.第24页/共38页 Underneath(Underneath(在下面)the balloon there is a)the balloon there is a large basket.That is where the pilot(large basket.That is where the pilot(飞行员)and the passengers(and the passengers(乘客)go.)go.The burner is

41、 just above the basket.You can The burner is just above the basket.You can stand in the basket and turn the burner on and stand in the basket and turn the burner on and off.The balloon will go where the wind blows it.off.The balloon will go where the wind blows it.Do you want the balloon to go somew

42、here special?Do you want the balloon to go somewhere special?First First make suremake sure the wind is blowing the right the wind is blowing the right way!way!People have been flying in hot-air balloons People have been flying in hot-air balloons for over two hundred years.Before planes it was for

43、over two hundred years.Before planes it was the only way of flying.Today people fly in hot the only way of flying.Today people fly in hot air balloons air balloons for funfor fun.Some people like to race.Some people like to race hot-air balloons.The first Hot-Air Balloon World hot-air balloons.The f

44、irst Hot-Air Balloon World Championship(Championship(锦标赛)was held in 1973.)was held in 1973.第25页/共38页 ()1.Ahot-airballoonis_.A.smallerthanatoyballoonB.biggerthanatoyballoonC.thesameasatoyballoonD.lighterthanatoyballoon1 1、B B 由“But they are much bigger But they are much bigger balloons.balloons.”可知。

45、这里的比较级是与前面“a toy a toy balloonballoon”相比较。第26页/共38页()2.Where will you sit if you want to fly in()2.Where will you sit if you want to fly in the balloon?the balloon?A.Inside the basket.A.Inside the basket.B.On top of the balloonB.On top of the balloonC.Under the basketC.Under the basketD.Inside the b

46、alloonD.Inside the balloon2 2、A A 这是一篇有关热气球的科普文章，需要考生熟知有关热气球的基本常识。热气球有燃烧器（也可叫加热器），打开燃烧器，气球内气体被加热，气球会上升，反之就下降。气球下面是一个大篮子，飞行员或乘客在此处，燃烧器在篮子上方。热气球总要随风向飞行。第27页/共38页()3.You want the balloon to go up.So()3.You want the balloon to go up.So you will _.you will _.A.jump out if the balloon A.jump out if the ba

47、lloon B.let the air out of the balloonB.let the air out of the balloonC.make the air inside the balloon hotter C.make the air inside the balloon hotter D.let the air inside the balloon cool downD.let the air inside the balloon cool down3 3、C C 由第二段的叙述可知。第28页/共38页()4.Now you are high up in the sky.If

48、()4.Now you are high up in the sky.If you want the balloon go down,you will you want the balloon go down,you will _._.A.A.make your friends get out of the make your friends get out of the basketbasketB.B.make a hole in the balloon with make a hole in the balloon with a knifea knifeC.C.make the air i

49、nside the balloon make the air inside the balloon hotterhotterD.D.make the air inside the balloon make the air inside the balloon coolercooler 4 4、D D 由第三段的叙述可知。第29页/共38页()5.Now everything is all right!The()5.Now everything is all right!The balloon is flying across the sky.Where are balloon is flyin

50、g across the sky.Where are you going?you going?A.Towards the sun.A.Towards the sun.B.To the seaside.B.To the seaside.C.Where the wind blows you.C.Where the wind blows you.D.To the nearest mountains.D.To the nearest mountains.5 5、C C 由第六段的叙述可知。第30页/共38页(4)(4)Bob was happy.He was at a new Bob was happ