初中英语状语从句知识点总结.pdf

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1、 初 中 英 语 状 语 从 句 知 识 点 总结.(总 7 页)-本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可-内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小-2 初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一 用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用,状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。1 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用从属连词 when,after,until,as soon as,等来引导。当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一

2、般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。如:Please call me when you get there.当你到那时,请给我打个电话。I will write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你写信。since 引导时间状语从句表示“自从以来”,从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点,用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为:It has been/is+一段时间+since+过去时。如:I has been/is three years since we met last

3、time.自从我们上次见面,已经三年了。2 条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有:if(如果,unless(除非,as long as(只要等。如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。3 如:I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.如果明天下雨,我就待在家。You cant learn English well unless you wo rk hard.除非你努力学习,否则是学不好英语的。由 if 引导的条件状语从句,若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实,则常用虚拟语气,即用过去时态表示(如果涉及到 be 动词,一律都用 were。

4、此时,主句则用过去将来时。如:If I had enough money,I would buy it for you.如果我又足够的钱,我将把它买给你。I wouldnt do it if I were you.如果我是你,我是不会做的。3 原因状语从句 because,since,as,for 都可用来引导原因状语从句,那么它们又有哪些区别呢?because 用来表示“造成某种结果的直接原因”,语气较浓,常用来回答 why提出的问句。如:-Why are you late?-Because my bike is broken.as 和 since 用来表示“看的到的或是不说也知道的原因”,

5、since 也可译作:“既然”。如:As he is old enough,let him do it.他既然长大了,就让他干吧!Since his sho es are worn out,lets buy him a new pair.既然他的鞋坏了,那我们就给他买双新的吧。4 for 引导的原因状语从句不置于句首,常用来表示“顺便提及的理由”,只是稍带说明原因,并非强调。如:I must stay here,for its raining so hard.我必须得待在这儿,因为雨下的很大。初中英语状语从句知识点总结(二 1 状语从句 在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语

6、从句。状语从句根据它表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较(或方式和条件等类。1.时间状语从句 引导连词有 when,while,till,notuntil,since,after,before,as soon as The bus wont start until everybody gets on.公共汽车直到每人都上车为止,才开动。When he knocked at the door I was cooking.当他敲门时,我正在煮饭。Last night before he came back home,his wife had already cooked din

7、ner and waited for 2 hours.昨天晚上在他回到家之前,他的妻子已经做好晚饭足足等了他两小时之久。After I went to church,I went shopping.2.地点状语从句 5 地点状语从句通常由 where,wherever 引导。Where there is a will,there is a way.哪里有志向,哪里就有出路。有志者事竟成。Where there is a life,there is a hope.哪里有生命,哪里就有希望。留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。Wherever you go,whatever you do,I will be

8、right here waiting for you.不管你去哪里,不管你做什么,我都会在此守侯你。3.原因状语从句 引导连词有 because,as,since。He didnt see the film because he had seen it.他没有看那部电影,因为他已经看过了。They couldnt get on the train,for it was too crowed.比较:because,since,as 和 for 1because 语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答 why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用 as 或 since。I didnt

9、 go,because I was afraid.Since/As the weather is so bad,we have to delay our journey.2 由 because 引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用 for 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用 for。6 He is absent today,because/for he is ill.He must be ill,for he is absent today.注意 because 不能和 so 连用。4.目的状语从句 引导连词有 that,so that,in order

10、that。He must get up early so that he can catch the first bus.他必须早起,以便能赶上第一辆公共汽车。He repainted the house so that he could welcome the guests.Millions of trees are planted in North China so that the sand can be stopped from moving south.The mother left work earlier in order that she could be at home wh

11、en the children arrived.So that 以便/以致 例如:(1They studied hard so that they could pass the exam.(2They started early so that they caught the early bus.注意点:在例句(1 中,是引导目的状语;在例句(2 中,是引导结果状语。一般来讲,从句中含有情态动词的,为目的状语。无情态动词的,为结果状语。5.结果状语从句 7 引导连词有 that,sothat,such.that The box is so heavy that I cant lift it.这

12、个盒子如此沉,以致我无法抬起来。such+名词性词组+that So+形容词/副词+that如此以致 例如:(1She is such a good teacher that we all love her.(2It was such a hot day that they didnt go out for a walk as usual.注意点:+a+形容词+名词+that,可以改写成:so+形容词+a+名词+that,例句(1 可以改写成:She is so good a teacher that we all love her.2.在 such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that结构

13、中,形容词如果是many/few 或 much/little 时,用 so 不用 such,即:so+many/few+可数名词复数+that,so+much/little+不可数名词+that(1There are so many people in the room that I cant get in.(2The man has so much money that he can buy a car.6.让步状语从句 引导连词有 though,although;even though/if;whatever;however Although he is young,he knows a

14、lot of things.虽然他年龄小,但却认识许多事物。Even though you dont like him,you still have to be polite.8 Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.注意 although,though 不能和 but 连用。7.比较(方式状语从句以 than 为引导连词。常见连词(asas.,than;the,the Jim is older than Lucy（is）.吉姆比路希年长。Skiing is more exciting than running.The more you prac

15、tice,the more knowledge you will get.注意 than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。8.条件状语从句以 if,unless 为引导连词。If you eat bad food，you may be ill.如果你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。If it doesnt rain tomorrow,we will have a sports meet.注意 主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。状语从句中常见的误点 1）时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的时态与主句的搭配：（俗称：主将从 现）2）原因状语从句 because 与 because of；Because+从句 和 because of+n./pron 例如：I was late because I didnt catch the bus.I was late because of the rain.