语法填空专项指导.ppt

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1、语法填空专项指导阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求文连贯的要求,在空格处填人一个适当的词或在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。2007高考高考IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedtha

2、tthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto32shouldhavethehonorofreceivingme33aguestintheirhouse.Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme34(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillage brokewhoassettledwastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto35small

3、townsome20kilometersaway36therewasagarage.Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostessscourtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.37_villagersbroughtmegoatscheeseandhoney.Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtore

4、wardtheoldwoman39thetroubleIhadcaused40.Othermerrilyforherwherea2008高考高考ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeoplesdailylife.31theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.Itissaidthatashorttemperedm

5、anintheSongDynasty(9601279)wasveryanxioustohelp33ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.Behind/Intohelphisthis/that/itOneday,hecameupwithanidea35_hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.Hewasverytired36doingthisforawholeday,3

6、7hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”38(high).Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir39(nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.after/frombuthighernaturalres

7、ultsthat本文以拔苗助长为例说明中国的成语背后常常有一些有趣的故事。31.behind/In 指“在中国的这些成语故事的背后”，表示“在之后”，用介词behind；也可理解为“在这些成语故事里”，所以也可以用介词In。32.to help 作目的状语，用动词不定式。33.his由上文中的a crop和下文中的his crop,the crop等可知，此处填限定词；这个急性子人当然是急于使他自己的禾苗长得快，故填his。34.it/this/that代替前文中的(how)to help his crop grow up quickly。35.that引导同位语从句，说明idea的具体同内容

8、，名词性从句意义完整且不缺任何句子成分时，用that引导。36.after/from他感到很累应是在他做了一整天事之后，表示“在之后”，动名词前面用介词after；另外，be tired from doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“因做某事而累”。37.but 因very happy与前面的very tired显然是转折关系，而这两句之间是逗号且没有连词，故填连词but。38.higher指比他pluck up a few inches之前“长”得更高了，是省略了than before的隐性的比较级。39.natural在名词course前作定语，要用形容词。40.results此句Bei

9、ng too anxious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词，应当考虑的是它的时态；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应当用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式。2009高考高考Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult31_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy32_(please)ashermother,whowasalw

10、aysdelightedwithperfume.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot33_pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetor34_(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.ittopleaseapushedJanepausedinfrontofacounter35_someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracthe

11、r.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather36_(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes37_sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtopleas

12、e38_.wherechoiceonhimWhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready39_tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane40_(inform).atwasinformed07高考高考31.动词时态动词时态34.过去分词过去分词32.从属连词从属连词36.从属连词从属连词:关副关副33.介词介词39.介词介词38.副词副词(派生词派生词)40.代

13、词代词35.冠词冠词a37.形容词形容词08高考高考40.动词时态动词时态32.不定式不定式35.从属连词从属连词37.并列连词并列连词36.介词介词31.介词介词39.形容词形容词(派生词派生词)33.代词代词34.代词代词38.副词副词(比较级比较级)09高考高考34.动词时态动词时态40.被动语态被动语态32.不定式不定式35.从属连词从属连词:关副关副37.介词介词39.介词介词36.名词名词(派生词派生词)38.代词代词31.非人称代词非人称代词it33.冠词冠词a语法填空考点分析语法填空考点分析：1、动词（、动词（2-3题）题）a.时态、语态时态、语态b.非谓语动词非谓语动词c.动

14、词动词+介词介词/副词副词d.主谓一致主谓一致（注意不规则动词变化、动词重读闭音节注意不规则动词变化、动词重读闭音节-ed/-ing的的词词形变化形变化）2、从属连词、并列连词（、从属连词、并列连词（1-2题）（从属连词用来引题）（从属连词用来引导定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。）导定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。）3、形容词、副词（比较级、最高级）（、形容词、副词（比较级、最高级）（1题）题）4、冠词（、冠词（1题）题）5、派生词（派生词（1题）（如：题）（如：ableunable或或ability）6、代词（、代词（1-2题）题）7、名词、名词(单复数、所有格、常见的不可数名词单复数、所有

15、格、常见的不可数名词)（1题题,结合派生词考查）结合派生词考查）8、介词（、介词（1-2两题）两题）语法填空语法填空 高考命题解读高考命题解读语法填空：阅读下面短文，按照语法填空：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构句子结构的的语法语法性性和和上下文连贯上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入的要求，在空格处填入一个适当一个适当的词的词或使用括号中词语的或使用括号中词语的正确形式正确形式填空。填空。从高考考纲及从高考考纲及07-09年高考我们可以看出该题有年高考我们可以看出该题有如下特征：如下特征：1.1.没有提供词的空格中只能填入一个词，如果没有提供词的空格中只能填入一个词，如果括号中提供了一个词则应该用它的正

16、确形式，括号中提供了一个词则应该用它的正确形式，也就是说可以填两个，甚至两个以上的词。也就是说可以填两个，甚至两个以上的词。2.该题虽然只有十个空，然后涵盖了从词法到句法的诸多考点。词法中涉及动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、冠词等，而在句法中则涉及到定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句等等。3.该命题同时也指出我们必须从分析句子结构；分析语法要求和分析文章上下文的逻辑含义分析文章上下文的逻辑含义来进行解题。语法填空的解题程序及方法：语法填空的解题程序及方法：1.该题共10小题，占15分，分配时间为10分钟。解题时建议把该短文读至少两遍至少两遍，切不可一遍过就填完。2.解题时在认真理解文章

17、的逻辑意义的前题下，务必分析好每句的句法结构，看空格部分在句中做什么成份，由此判断该空应填入什么词。然后，从语法的角度分析所填入的词应该取什么形式。3.答题时应特别注意前后文中的提示词。4.同一个知识点在该题一般不会重复考查，所以可根据该题的命题特点判断所填内容的准确性。5.答题前我们对所填内容应该有一定的预判，答题完后须根据知识涵盖面广知识涵盖面广的命题的特点来检查所填内容的可能性和准确性。6.最后，应特别注意所填内容形式的准确性（例如：名词应不应用复数形式等），在该题中任何形式的错误都是不能得分的。A.广州一模 Deciding what present you should give s

18、omeone is never easy.Many things must be considered such as 31 _the person is interested in and how old he is.We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive)the gift.One of the 33_ (bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher,Ms Chen.Ms Chen 34_ (teach)me Engli

19、sh since Junior 1,and to show my 35_(appreciate)I decided to get her a present.I asked my classmates about her interests 36_I made my final decision.whatreceivingworsthasbeenteachingappreciationbeforeThen I went to the department store 37_ I worked part-time and bought her38_expensive gift box of Si

20、chuan beef.I was certain she would like it because I 39_(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.I left the box with a card on her desk,and I was sure she would like them.40_ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG!whereanhadbeentoldIt B.Some information about

21、 Chinese students who went abroad for study in 2006 shows that in 2006,about 134,000 Chinese students went to study abroad,120,000 of 31_ were self-funded(自筹资金)students.Compared with the previous year,the number of students who went abroad was increased 32_ 15,000.At the same time,there had been a g

22、rowing number of overseas students who came back to China 33 _ study.In 2006,over 40,000 overseas students came back,with 33,000 of 34_being self-funded students,20%35_ than the year before.whombyafterthemmore More and more Chinese students go abroad for study.An official from the Ministry of Educat

23、ion said that China follows 36_educational policy that encourages students to study abroad and come back whenever they want.Inspired by this policy,the number of students 37_ (go)abroad for study keeps rising.Statistics show that 38_ China carried out the opening-up policy,a total of one million stu

24、dents have gone abroad for study.Many of them have finished the study and come back to China.angoingsinceThese people have made great 39_ (contribute)to China with their work.At present,over 60%of principals and leaders in colleges,universities and research institutes in China 40 _ （be）abroad to stu

25、dy.contributionshavebeen C.Storms 31_produced at least 13 tornadoes(龙卷风)swept Texas on Friday,32_(destroy)homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people,authorities said.The 33_(bad)damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis,police said.The tornadoes damaged several 34_(new)buil

26、t buildings,brought down power lines 35_ sparked(引起)fires that were later put out in Clovis,police Lt.James Schoeffel said.that/whichdestroyingworstnewlyand Thirteen people from 36_area were hospitalized at the Plains Regional Medical Center.Five were in critical condition 37_ head trauma(外伤,损伤),sai

27、d Liz Crouch,the centers chief operating officer.In Logan,three people 38_ (take)to a hospital,while 39_were treated at a local clinic.One of them was a visitor,saying he wouldnt have been there if he 40_ (watch)the weather forecast the day before.thewithweretakenothershadwatchedThankyou!31.what 32.

28、receiving 33.worst34.had taught/had been teaching /has taught/has been teaching 35.appreciation 36.before 37.where38.an 39.was told/had been told 40.It07广州二模 I was always told that the three Ps,patience,positive thinking and perseverance(毅力),were a sure path 31 to success.But this advice does not al

29、ways work as planned.My high school maths exam is one example.The exam,32 was originally to be held in our classroom,33 (change)to the library at the last minute.This,34 ,didnt bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject.I patiently walked to the library,took my seat and did some de

30、ep breathing to help relax 35 .But my mood quickly changed when I saw 36first question.I had no idea how to do it.I tried to stay positive and persevered 37 I finally found the solution.With the problem 38 (solve),I felt proud of my achievement.39 (fortunate),I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 40 (complete)the rest!31.to 32.which 33 was changed 34.however 35.myself 36.the 37.with 38.solved 39.Unfortunately 40.to complete